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Evolution Of Cars
The document outlines the evolution of automobiles from early steam-powered vehicles in the 17th century to modern vehicles today, highlighting significant milestones and innovation in automotive technology such as electric and internal combustion engines. Key eras, including the veteran, brass, vintage, pre-WWII, post-war, and modern eras, are discussed, noting the transition from simple designs to complex, standardized systems. The current automotive industry faces challenges like gasoline shortages but continues to produce approximately 41 million vehicles annually.
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Evolution Of Cars
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- 4. 17th - 18thcentury
- 5. 17th - 18thcentury Ferdinand Verbiest, a member of a Jesuit mission in China, built the first steam-powered vehicle around 1672 as a toy for the Chinese Emperor. It was of small enough scale that it could not carry a driver but it was, quite possibly, the first working steam-powered vehicle.
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- 7. 19th century Canadian jewellerHenry Seth Taylor demonstrated his 4-wheeled "steam buggy" at the Stanstead Fair in Stanstead, Quebec, and again the following year. The basis of the buggy, which he began building in 1865, was a high-wheeled carriage with bracing to support a two-cylinder steam engine mounted on the floor.
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- 9. 19th - 20thcentury
- 10. 19th - 20thcentury The ”Flocken Elektrowagen” of 1888 by German inventor Andreas Flocken is regarded as the first real electric car of the world. Electric cars enjoyed popularity between the late 19th century and early 20th century, when electricity was among the preferred methods for automobile propulsion, providing a level of comfort and ease of operation that could not be achieved by the gasoline cars of the time.
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- 12. 19th - 20thcentury
- 13. 19th - 20thcentury About 1870, in Vienna, Austria (then the AustroHungarian Empire), inventor Siegfried Marcus put a liquid-fuelled internal combustion engine on a simple handcart which made him the first man to propel a vehicle by means of gasoline. Today, this car is known as "the first Marcus car“. In 1883, Marcus secured a German patent for a lowvoltage ignition system of the magneto type; this was his only automotive patent. This design was used for all further engines, and the four-seat "second Marcus car" of 1888/89. This ignition, in conjunction with the "rotatingbrush carburetor", made the second car's design very innovative.
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- 16. Veteran Era The firstproduction of automobiles was by Karl Benz in 1888 in Germany and, under license from Benz, in France by Emile Roger. There were numerous others, including tricycle builders Rudolf Egg, Edward Butler, and Léon Bollée. Bollée, using a 650 cc (40 cu in) engine of his own design, enabled his driver, Jamin, to average 45 kilometres per hour (28.0 mph) in the 1897 Paris-Tourville rally. By 1900, mass production of automobiles had begun in France and the United States.
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- 19. Brass or EdwardianEra Between 1907 and 1912 in the United States, the highwheel motor buggy (resembling the horse buggy of before 1900) was in its heyday, with over seventy-five makers including Holsman (Chicago), IHC (Chicago), and Sears (which sold via catalog); the high-wheeler would be killed by the Model T. In 1912, Hupp (in the U.S., supplied by Hale & Irwin) and BSA (in the UK) pioneered the use of all-steel bodies, joined in 1914 by Dodge (who produced Model T bodies). While it would be another two decades before all-steel bodies would be standard, the change would mean improved supplies of superior-quality wood for furniture makers.
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- 22. Vintage Era Three yearslater, Hermann Rieseler of Vulcan Motor invented the first automatic transmission, which had two-speed planetary gearbox, torque converter, and lockup clutch; it never entered production. (Its like would only become an available option in 1940.) Just at the end of the vintage era, tempered glass (now standard equipment in side windows) was invented in France. In this era the revolutionary ponton design of cars without fully articulated fenders, running boards and other non-compact ledge elements was introduced in small series but a mass production of such cars was started much later (after WWII).
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- 25. Pre-WWII Era By the1930s, most of the mechanical technology used in today's automobiles had been invented, although some things were later "re-invented", and credited to someone else. For example, front-wheel drive was re-introduced by André Citroën with the launch of the Traction Avant in 1934, though it had appeared several years earlier in road cars made by Alvis and Cord, and in racing cars by Miller (and may have appeared as early as 1897).
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- 28. Post-war Era Throughout the1950s, engine power and vehicle speeds rose, designs became more integrated and artful, and automobiles were marketed internationally. Alec Issigonis' Mini and Fiat's 500 diminutive cars were introduced in Europe, while the similar kei car class became popular Japan. The Volkswagen Beetle continued production after Hitler and began exports to other nations, including the U.S.
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- 31. Modern Era The modernera is normally defined as the 25 years preceding the current year. However, there are some technical and design aspects that differentiate modern cars from antiques. The modern era has been one of increasing standardization, platform sharing, and computer-aided design. Some particular contemporary developments are the proliferation of front- and all-wheel drive, the adoption of the diesel engine, and the ubiquity of fuel injection. Most modern passenger cars are front-wheeldrive monocoque/unibody designs, with transversely mounted engines.
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- 34. Today 41 millions vehicles areproduced every year…
- 35. Today 41 millions vehicles areproduced every year… …in which one third come from the U.S Gasoline shortages and wrecks are a few of the problems of the industry today.
- 36. Even with allthe problems the auto industry went through…
- 37. Even with allthe problems the auto industry went through… …the good part is that it did make it through”
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