External carotid Artery and its branches.pptx

External carotid Artery and its branches.pptx

• 1.
  External Carotid Artery
• 2.
  External Carotid Artery It is one of the terminal branches of the common carotid artery  It supplies the structures in the neck, face, scalp, tongue and maxilla  Begins at the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage  Terminates in the substance of the parotid gland by dividing into superficial temporal and maxillary arteries
• 4.
  External Carotid Artery At its origin, where its pulsation can be felt, the artery lies within the carotid triangle  At first, it lies medial to the internal carotid artery  It is crossed by the posterior belly of the digastric and the stylohyoid
• 5.
  Relations  Anterolaterally: overlappedby sternocleidomastoid muscle, fascia and skin, it is crossed by the hypoglossal nerve the posterior belly of the digastric muscle and the stylohyoid, crossed by the facial nerve within the parotid gland  The internal jugular vein first lie anterior to the artery then posterior to it
• 6.
  Relations  Medially: thewall of the pharynx, internal carotid artery  The stylopharyngeus muscle, the glossopharyngeal nerve, and pharyngeal branch of the vagus pass between the external and internal carotid arteries
• 7.
  Branches  Superior thyroidartery  Ascending pharyngeal artery  Lingual artery  Facial artery  Occipital artery  Posterior auricular artery  Superficial temporal artery  Maxillary artery
• 8.
  Superior Thyroid Artery Arises from the external carotid artery near its origin  Passes almost vertically downward  Reach the upper pole of thyroid gland  It gives off a branch to the sternocleidomastoid  The superior laryngeal artery pierces the thyrohyoid membrane with the internal laryngeal nerve
• 10.
  Ascending Pharyngeal Artery It’s a long slender vessel that ascends on the wall of the pharynx, which it supplies
• 11.
  Lingual Artery  Itarises from the external carotid artery, opposite the tip of the greater cornu of hyoid bone  It loops upward to enter the submandibular region  The loop of the artery is crossed superficially by the hypoglossal nerve  It supplies the tongue
• 12.
  Facial Artery  Itarises from the external carotid artery, just above the level of the tip of the greater cornu of hyoid bone  It arches upward deep to reach the posterior part of the submandibular salivary gland  It supplies the face
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  Occipital Artery  Itarises from the external carotid artery, opposite the facial artery  It passes upward and reaches the back of the scalp  Its terminal part accompanies branches of the greater occipital nerve to supply the back of scalp
• 15.
  Posterior Auricular Artery It arises from the external carotid artery, at the level of the upper border of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle  It passes backward to reach the auricle
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  Superficial Temporal Artery It is the smaller terminal branch of the external carotid artery  Ascends in front of the auricle in company with auriculotemporal nerve  It divides into anterior and posterior branches, which supply the skin over the frontal and temporal regions
• 19.
  Maxillary Artery  Itis the larger terminal branch of the external carotid artery in the parotid gland  It arises behind the neck of the mandible  It runs upward and forward, leaves the infratemporal fossa by entering the pterygopalatine fossa
• 20.
  Branches of MaxillaryArtery  Inferior alveolar artery  Middle meningeal artery  Small branches to the external auditory meatus and the tympanic membrane  Small muscular branches supply the muscles of mastication
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  Thank you