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Eye general anatomy
The document summarizes the structure of the human eye. It describes the three main layers - outer fibrous (sclera and cornea), middle vascular (iris, ciliary body, choroid), and inner nervous (retina). It also details the interior structures like the aqueous humour, lens, and vitreous body. Additionally, it outlines the accessory structures including eyebrows, eyelids, lacrimal apparatus, and extraocular muscles. Blood and nerve supply to the eye are also summarized.
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Eye general anatomy
- 1. By Dr SatishS Hadimani Dept of shalakya tantra SGR Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Solapur
- 4. ļ The eyeis the organ of sight situated in the orbital cavity. ļ Spherical in shape and 2.5cm in diameter.
- 6. Structure of theeye ļ¶Outer fibrous layer ā Sclera and cornea ļ¶Middle vascular layer ā Iris, ciliary body and choroid ļ¶Inner nervous layer - Retina
- 7.
- 8. Interior of theEyeball Aqueous humour Lens Vitreous
- 10. Accessory structures ofthe eye ļ Eyebrows ļ Eyelids ļ Lacrimal appareatus ļ Extraocular muscles of the eye
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- 12. Structure of theEye 1. The Outer Fibrous Layer ļ 1. Sclera ā white part of the eye ball. Its firm, fibrous outermost layer of the eye. ļ It maintains the shape of the eye and gives attachments to the extraocular muscles. ļ 1 mm in thick and thin at the posterior side where optic nerve pierces ā Lamina cribrosa
- 13. 2. Cornea ā ļForms anterior 1/6th of the eye. ļ Its transparent. ļ Main refractive surface of the eye. ļ Diopteric power is +43 to +45D. 3. Limbus ā The junction of cornea and sclera is known as the limbus.
- 14. Middle vascular layer Irisā itās a coloured circular muscular diaphragm with an aperture in the centre ļ It divides the anterior segment of the eye in to anterior and posterior chambers Ciliary body ā it is a triangular shape of muscle. Choroid
- 15. Choroid ļ The choroid, consistingof blood vessels, connective tissue and pigment cells, is sandwiched between the retina and the sclera. ļ provides oxygen and nutrition to the outer retinal layers.
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- 17. Retina ļ At theback of the retina ļ Contains 2 types of photoreceptors - rods and cones ļ Converts light signal into an electrical signal that is transmitted to brain through optic nerve.
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- 20. Interior of theEyeball ļ± Aqueous humour ļ± Lens ļ± Vitreous
- 21. Aqueous humour ļ fillsthe anterior and posterior chambers. ļ The anterior chamber is the space between the cornea and the iris. ļ Behind the iris and in front of the lens is the posterior chamber. ļ They are connected by the pupil.
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- 23. Lens ļ The discus-likelens comprises a mass of long cells known as fibres. At the centre these fibres are compacted into a hard nucleus surrounded by less dense fibres, the cortex. ļ The lens is relatively dehydrated and its fibres contain special proteins. This is why it is transparent.
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- 25. Vitreous body ļThe vitreousbody is 99% water but, vitally, also contains collagen fibrils and hyaluronan, which impart cohesion and a gel-like consistency. ļThe vitreous is adherent to the retina at certain points, particularly at the optic disc and at the ora serrata.
- 26. Accessory structures ofthe eye ļ Eyebrows ļ Eyelids ļ Lacrimal appareatus ļ Extraocular muscles of the eye
- 28. Accessory structures ofthe eye Eye brows : ļ These are two arched ridges of the supraorbital margin of the frontal bone. ļ These protects the eye from sweat, dust and other foreign bodies.
- 29. Eye lids andeye lashes ļ The eyelids are two movable folds of tissue situated above and below the front of each eye. ļ There are short curved hair, called eyelashes situated on their free edges. ļ A thin covering of skin ļ Three muscles ā orbicularis oculi, levator palpebrae superioris and mullerās muscles ļ A sheet of dense connective tissue and tarsal plate ļ A lining of the conjunctiva
- 31. Lacrimal apparatus ļ Lacrimalgland and its ducts ļ Accessory lacrimal glands ļ Lacrimal canaliculi ļ Lacrimal sac ļ Nasolacrimal duct
- 32. Extraocular muscles ļ Medialrectus muscle ļ Lateral rectus muscle ļ Superior rectus muscle ļ Inferior rectus muscle ļ Superior oblique muscle ļ Inferior oblique muscle
- 33. Blood supply Carotid artery Ophthalmicartery Ciliary artery and central retinal artery Eye Artery supply
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- 37. Nerve supply ļ Motornerves ļ 3rd cranial nerve ā Levator palpebrae Superior rectus Medial rectus Inferior rectus Inferior oblique Sphincter pupillae Ciliary muscle ļ 4th cranial nerve - superior oblique muscle ļ 6th cranial nerve ā lateral rectus muscle ļ 7th cranial nerve ā orbicularis oculi muscle ļ Sensory nerve ā ophthalmic division supplies the whole eye
- 40. Autonomic nerves Sympathetic nervesupply ļ Iris - dilator pupillae ļ Ciliary body ļ Mullerās muscle ļ Lacrimal gland Parasympathetic nerve supply ļ Iris ā sphincter pupillae ļ Ciliary body ļ Lacrimal gland