FINALPPT on eia report for betch students.pptx

SUBMITTED TO:
DR.DISHA THAKUR
SUBMITTED BY:
RAJAT AND SIDHARTH

INTRODUCTION
What is Environmental Management?
Environmental management can be defined as the management of how
humans and companies impact the environment. Environmental
management in a business context means taking care of the way an
organization impacts the environment.
Environmental management may involve assessing and monitoring
environmental impacts, developing and implementing strategies for
sustainable development, and ensuring compliance with environmental
regulations and standards.

Scope of Environmental Management :
Environmental management is very wide in scope and includes all the technical,
economical and other aspects of environment.
The broader objectives of environmental management includes:
(i) To identify the environmental problem and to find its solution.
(ii) To restrict and regulate the exploitation and utilization of natural resources.
(iii) To regenerate degraded environment and to renew natural resources
(renewable)
(iv) To control environmental pollution and gradation.

(v) To reduce the impacts of extreme events and
natural disaster.
(vi) To make optimum utilization of natural
resources.
(vii) To assess the impacts of proposed projects and
activities on environment.
(viii) To review and revise the existing technologies
and make them ecofriendly.
(ix) To formulate laws for the implementation of
environmental protection and conservation
programmes.

What is an Environmental Management System (EMS)?
• An Environmental Management System (EMS) is a set of processes and practices
put in place by an organization in order to continuously reduce its environmental
impacts, and increase its operating efficiency according to a planned strategy.
• It is vital to understand that Environmental Management Systems do not reduce
impacts in themselves, but rather introduce procedures that will help an
organization to monitor and improve its environmental performance in a
structured and systematic manner.
• Adopting an EMS does not dictate the environmental goals and targets of an
organization, but can be used to enhance the ability of an organization to achieve
its set environmental commitments.

Components of Environmental Management
System (EMS)
• A written environmental policy: This is a publicly available document which is
prepared by the company and which clearly states its aims and intentions with
respect to the environment. It should include the company’s commitment to
continuously improving its environmental performance, reducing its impacts,
and complying with environmental regulations
• Environmental performance goals and indicators: An organization’s
environmental goals should be derived from its policy and be in accordance
with its available resources. These goals are then used to establish
quantifiable targets, which are in turn measured using environmental
indicators. For example, an organization’s goal could be to achieve 5%
reduction in energy consumption, and the indicator for this goal could be the
quantity of energy used/year.

• An environmental training program for
employees: Roles and responsibilities
should be assigned among the staff to
effectively meet the set goals. It is vital to
ensure all employees are trained to
effectively perform their roles and
responsibilities.
• Internal environmental audits: This will
involve performing (internally) a periodic
evaluation of the organization’s
processes to ensure compliance with
regulations and other set criteria, and
identifying what corrective actions and
amendments are needed.

Preventive policies for environmental
management
• Preventive policies for environmental management are designed
to mitigate and reduce the negative impacts of human activities
on the environment.
• Environmental policies encompass a wide range of measures aimed at
protecting the environment and promoting sustainable practices. These
policies can cover various sectors such as air and water pollution control,
waste management, conservation of biodiversity, renewable energy
promotion, climate change mitigation, and more.
• By implementing comprehensive environmental policies, governments
strive to strike a balance between economic development and ecological
sustainability.

Environmental Policy – (Prior To 1972)
During this period, India focused on a few key environmental policies and
practices, including:
Forest Conservation Act, 1927: This act aimed to curb deforestation and protect
forests by regulating the felling of trees and ensuring sustainable forest
management practices.
Wild Birds and Animals Protection Act, 1912: This legislation sought to conserve
wildlife and protect endangered species by declaring certain areas as game
sanctuaries and national parks.
River Pollution Acts: Several acts were introduced to control the pollution of
rivers caused by industrial and domestic waste discharge.

Industrial Disputes Act, 1947: This act, although primarily concerned with labor
disputes, indirectly contributed to environmental protection by introducing
provisions regarding the welfare of workers, including their health and safety.
.
National Environment Policy, 2006
The National Environment Policy of India,
formulated in 2006, acts as a
comprehensive guideline for sustainable
development and environmental
governance in the country. This policy aims
to integrate environmental concerns into
all aspects of development planning and
decision-making processes

Objectives of the National Environment Policy, 2006
The key objectives of the National Environment Policy, 2006 are as follows:
• The policy aims to protect ecosystems and natural resources through
conservation, sustainable use and good governance.
• It wants to integrate environmental concerns into all development policies and
plans.
• The policy promotes sustainable production and consumption to use resources
more efficiently and reduce pollution and waste.
• It recognizes that education can build awareness about environment issues and
change people's attitudes and behaviors.
• The policy tries to balance meeting current needs with preserving resources and
ecosystems for future use.

Importance of renewable energy resources
Renewable energy resources play a crucial role in addressing various environmental,
economic, and social challenges. Here are some key aspects highlighting the
importance of renewable energy:
1. Environmental Benefits:
• Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emissions
• Air and Water Quality Improvement.
2. Energy Security and Independence:
• Diversification of Energy Sources
• Decentralized Energy Production

3. Economic Opportunities:
• Job Creation
• Technological Advancements
4. Resource Sustainability:
• Inexhaustible Resources
• Reduced Resource Depletion
5. Cost Competitiveness:
• Cost Reduction Over Time
• Financial Incentives

Pollution control strategy
Regulatory Framework:
• Establish environmental regulations for industries, vehicles, and other
potential pollution sources.
• Monitor and regularly update regulations to keep pace with technological
advancements and emerging pollutants.
• Implement penalties for non-compliance to create a deterrent effect.
Monitoring and Assessment:
• Set up a robust system for continuous monitoring of air, water, and soil quality.
• Use advanced technologies like remote sensing, satellite imagery, and sensors
for real-time data collection.
• Regularly assess the impact of pollution on ecosystems and public health.

Pollution prevention
Waste Collection
Proper waste collection is an important strategy to control environmental pollution.
The municipal workers collect the household waste and dump it at the disposal sites
where the waste is categorised and segregated into two categories, non-
biodegradable and biodegradable.
Waste Disposal
Efficient waste disposal is a crucial strategy to control environmental pollution.
Suppose techniques for waste management are not executed. In that case it may
cause epidemics due to contamination of the groundwater leading to water
pollution, posing health risks to the people who dispose of waste.

• Take walks or use bicycles instead of driving bikes or cars, when possible.
• Choose public vehicle over commercial or own automobiles
• Turn the electric items like a fan and light off when the room is empty
• Replace energy-consuming incandescent bulbs with some portable LEDs or
fluorescent bulbs
• Head for natural reserves like solar or windmill plants to use electricity
• Grow more trees as they naturally purify the air.
• Less use of plastic
• Reducing forest fires and smoking

• Public Awareness and Education:
1. Conduct awareness campaigns to educate the public about the impact of
pollution on health and the environment.
2. Promote sustainable practices at the individual and community levels.
3. Involve schools, media, and community organizations in environmental
education.
• Green Infrastructure:
1. Invest in green infrastructure projects, such as urban parks, green roofs, and
permeable pavements, to absorb pollutants and enhance environmental
quality.
2. Develop and maintain natural ecosystems, such as wetlands and forests, which
play a crucial role in pollution control.

• Natural Evaporation
The process involves large impoundments with no discharge. This method is
particularly beneficial where recovery of residues is desirable such as for disposal of
brines.
• Groundwater Recharge
Methods for groundwater recharge include rapid infiltration by effluent application
or impoundment, intermittent percolation, and direct injection. In all cases risks for
groundwater pollution exists.
• Irrigation
In most cases food chain crops (i.e. crops consumed by humans and those animals
whose products are consumed by humans) may not be irrigated by effluent.
However, field crops such as cotton, sugar beets, and crops for seed production are
grown with wastewater effluent.
Disposal of Treated Effluents

• Recreational Lakes
The effluent from the secondary treatment is stored in a lagoon for approximately 30
days. The effluent from the lagoon is chlorinated and then percolated through an area
of sand and gravel, through which it travels for approximately 0.5 km and is collected in
an interceptor trench. It is discharged into a series of lakes used for swimming, boating
and fishing.
• Industrial Uses
Effluent has been successfully used as a cooling water or boiler feed water.
• Discharge into Natural Waters
Discharge into natural waters is the most common disposal practice. The self-
purification or assimilative capacity of natural waters is thus utilized to provide the
remaining treatment.

1. Landfill
In this process, the waste that cannot be reused or recycled are separated out
and spread as a thin layer in low-lying areas across a city. A layer of soil is added
after each layer of garbage.
2. Incineration
Incineration is the process of controlled combustion of garbage to reduce it to
incombustible matter such as ash and waste gas.
3. Biogas Generation
Biodegradable waste, such as food items, animal waste or organic industrial
waste from food packaging industries are sent to bio-degradation plants. In bio-
degradation plants, they are converted to biogas by degradation with the help
of bacteria, fungi, or other microbes.

4. Waste Compaction
The waste materials such as cans and plastic bottles are compacted into blocks and
sent for recycling. This process prevents the oxidation of metals and reduces
airspace need, thus making transportation and positioning easy.
5. Composting
All organic materials decompose with time. The process of composting starts with
these organic wastes being buried under layers of soil and then, are left to decay
under the action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.
This results in the formation of nutrient-rich manure. In agriculture, it is the best
alternative to chemical fertilizers.

FINALPPT on eia report for betch students.pptx

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