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firozabad glass cluster and chanderi handloom.pptx
- 1. Clusters Detailed Study Scholar no. Name 201110001Trisha Singh 201110006 Owais Hashmi 201110017 Surya Chandra P. 201110019 Ridam Gautam 201110026 Satvik Jain 201110041 Shyam Agrawal 201110046 Mohd. Tanveer
- 2. Contents Type ofCluster Type / Nature of work Space required Character of Housing settlement Socio Economic Condition 01. Glass Cluster, Firozabad Type of Cluster Nature of work Space required Character of Housing settlement Socio Economic Condition 02. Chanderi Handloom
- 4. Introduction Firozabad is thecentral hub for many glass manufacturing industries 240 km from Delhi and 40 km from Agra. It is popularly known as Glass City or “Suhag nagari”
- 5. ? Type ofCluster Closed And Back to back cluster Little to no vehicular access is available Narrow path ways Back to back arrangements of houses Mostly closed and back to back cluster but at some places open cluster can be also seen Densely populated area with congested dwellings and shops.
- 6. ? Type / Natureof work Now, there’s mixed occupancy. Originally built for artists. But very few still reside.
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- 8. Batch preparation Melting Drawing ShapingReheating Bangle making Cutting and bundling
- 9. ? Space required Itis estimated that Firozabad has close to 4000- 5000manufacturing and household units that generate employment for more than 5, 00,000 people. The glass industry in Firozabad is spread across the city and has a total production capacity of close to 5000-6000 TPD.As per the report from AIGMF, Firozabad glass cluster generating an annual business of more than INR 2000 Firozabad District Map crore The glass industry in Firozabad caters not just the domestic demand but is also an important contributor to total glass exports from the state of Uttar Pradesh. As per data obtained
- 10. ? Character of Housingsettlement Household units: • The household units are mostly run by the family members of the owners who use basic machines and tools to decorate glass products (primarily bangles). • Each unit has an employee strength ranging from 3-10 employees with most of the employees being contractual workers hired on the basis of orders received and requirements. • These units are estimated to be over 4000 and are spread across the city. Pot furnace-based units: • There are about 130-140 pot furnace-based units in Firozabad. Tank Furnace based units: • Tank Furnace based units are relatively large units and are involved in the manufacturing of tableware, containers and scientific glass-related items. • There are close to 40-45Tank furnace-based units and with each unit having a workforce ranging from 150 – 200 workers.
- 11. CHARACTERISTICS • It popularlyknown for glass manufacturing • Glass utensils and decorative items are also made here
- 12. ? Socio Economic Condition limited usage of good quality refractory blocks that often leads to breakdown of the furnaces and increases the overall consumption of fuel that further increases the overall cost of production The clusters are tightly packed allowing only limited open space. The nature of the job is as such that workers work under harsh inhumane conditions. they usually work in dark rooms to mend bangles from glass, inhaling harmful flames. unhygienic conditions prevail, open gutters, no space for garbage disposal are a few to name Though these clusters have switched to using gas-fired furnaces, it was observed that they usefurnaces that have not been replaced over the years and have poor insulation.
- 14. Introduction Chanderi isa small town in the Ashok Nagar district of Madhya Pradesh. Chanderi is one of the best-known handloom clusters in India, particularly famous for its sarees, made with mix of silk and cotton Number of handlooms – 4352 Number of weavers 13056
- 15. ? Type ofCluster This cluster can be categorised under Interlocking cluster The clusters are arranged in a non uniform way. The spaces and houses are interlinked with each other. the loom becomes the guiding principle for designing of any space in Chanderi. Every house in Chanderi had loom room which will have the maximum sunlight.
- 16. ? Type / Natureof work The Chanderi cluster is able to form 300 plus Artisans & 12 SHGs supporting the strong work force. Textile Hand Printed Raw materials Dyeing
- 17. The yarncomes in long bundles that needs to be opened, then transferred on long thread rolls called bobbins. Dyed by hands, measure of dye used requires expertise. Yarn is stretched on a wrap roll which is held on a two loop which are plugged to the ground, then yarn is stretched tightly between them. Weaved in patters drawn by hand using pit looms. Activity Yarn is prepared Dying of yarn Stretching of thread Weaving
- 18. ? Space required Handloom Dimension - 3x 3.5mtr Maximum air circulation is required in the houses because weather conditions play a major role in strengthening of thread, more temperature results in breakage of thread. Large courtyards are suitable as more space is required to segregate out threads as well as when they are dyed.
- 19. ? Character of Housingsettlement People have traditionally used the locally available material such as white sandstone (chinkari stone) that dresses up the 19-inch external walls to the shape and sizes of doors, to the stone (pataur) roof that allows for natural air flow, and mud, husk and dung plaster flooring. The inhabitants have home that are built with masonry and rubble with large windows provided for air circulation. The houses has the charm of handloom. People living in houses are more than the house can accommodate. The occupation of the region is as such that the spaces within the homes become active with the multiple processes of making a sari.
- 20. stone (pataur) roof thatallows for natural air flow
- 21. ? Socio Economic Condition The Government of India and State Governments provide assistance to handloom weavers, handloom weavers' co-operative societies for strengthening the share capital, improving the management of societies and modernization of looms. they are not able to repay in time the loan received and hence the societies have to pay interest to the District Central Co-operative Banks The unavailability of raw material is one of the crises faced by the handloom sector. Cotton handloom weavers have been largely dependent on spinning mills to provide them yarn, but nowadays, these mills find it more profitable to work with the power loom sector and weaving mills. fabrics face difficulties in marketing and sales promotion. Marketing is the central problem that calls for the drawing up of a suitable strategy. But today, despite being a 5000-year-old vocation and receiving great political importance, weavers continue to suffer a life of despair, poverty and agony. Government reports identify scant wages, exorbitant debts, high cost of production, and Competition from other textile products as well as power looms as the fundamental reasons behind these deaths.
- 22. BEFORE COVID • exclusiveexhibitions of products every year • Lower cost of raw materials • More people were employed while after covid the number has significantly reduced. AFTER COVID • Ban of exhibition resulted in low sales. • While the demand has dipped to 5 per cent, the cost of raw materials has skyrocketed. • The pandemic has reduced their business by 60- 80 per cent.
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