Forest Resources environmental studies.pptx

Forest Resources environmental studies.pptx

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  FOREST RESOURCES
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  DEFINITION A forest canbe defined as a biotic community predominant of trees, shrubs or any other woody vegetation usually in a closed canopy. It is derived from latin word ‘foris’ means ‘outside’.
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  USES OF FOREST Commercial uses Ecological uses
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  REASON FOR DEFICIENCYOF FOREST: • increased demand for medicine, shelter, wood and fuel OVER EXPLOITATION OF FOREST • Developmental projects • Mining operations • Raw materials for industries • Fuel requirement • Shifting cultivation • Forest fires DEFORESTATION
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  CONSEQUENCES OF DEFORESTATION Economic loss  Loss of biodiversity  Destructs the habitats of various species  Reduction in stream flow  Increases the rate of global warming  Disruption of weather patterns and global climate  Degradation of soil and acceleration of the rate of soil erosion.  Induces and accelerates mass movement / land slides.  Increases flood frequency, magnitude / severity.  Breaks the water cycle  Breaks the nutrient cycle
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  DAMS Dams are themassive artificial structures built across the rivers to store water for much beneficial purpose. Dams are considered a “Temples of modern India”. Dams destruct vast area of forest area. India has more than 1600 large dams.
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  EFFECTS OF DAMSON FOREST: 1. Thousands of hectares of forest will be cleared. 2. Killing of wild animals and destruction of aquatic life. 3. Spreading of water borne diseases. 4. Water logging increases the salinity of the soil. Ex: Narmadha Sagar project it has submerged 3.5 lakhs hectares of forest.
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  EFFECTS OF DAMON TRIBAL PEOPLE  Construction of big dams lead to the displacement of tribal people.  Displacement and cultural change affects the tribal people both mentally and physically.  They do not accommodate the modern food habits and life style.  Tribal people are ill treated by the modern society.  Many of the displaced people were not recognised and resettled or compensated.  Body condition of tribal people will not suit with new areas and hence they will be affected by many diseases.
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  CASE STUDY-  SardarSarovar Project: The World Bank’s withdrawal from the Sardar Sarovar Project in India in 1993 was a result of the demands of local people threatened with the loss of their livelihoods and homes in the submergence area. This dam in Gujarat on the Narmada has displaced thousands of tribal folk, whose lives and livelihoods were linked to the river, the forests and their agricultural lands. While they and the fishermen at the estuary, have lost their homeland, rich farmers downstream will get water for agriculture. The question is why should the local tribals be made homeless, displaced and relocated to benefit other people? Why should the less fortunate be made to bear the costs of development for better off farmers? It is a question of social and economic equity as well as the enormous environmental losses, including loss of the biological diversity of the inundated forests in the Narmada valley.
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  MINING  The processof extracting mineral resources and fossil fuels like coal from the earth is called as mining.  Types of mining 1. Surface mining: Mining of minerals from shallow deposits 2. Underground mining: Mining of minerals from deep deposits
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  STEPS INVOLVED INMINING
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  EFFECTS OF MINING 1. Pollute soil, water and air.  2. Destruction of natural habitat.  3. Continuous removal of minerals leads to the formation of trench where water is logged which contaminates the ground water.  4. Vibrations cause earth quakes.  5. Produces noise pollution  6. Reduces shape and size of the forest.  7. Increased risk of landslides.  8. Spoils the aesthetic beauty.
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  Thank You