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FORMATION OF HEAVIER ELEMENTSppt.pptx
- 1. FORMATION OF HEAVIER ELEMENTS By:MARGIE B. ALMOZA
- 2. Big Bang theory Describes as the origin of Light Element which started from a singularity. Among the proposed explanations on how the universe began and currently accepted theory.
- 3. Objectives of theLesson Give evidence for and describe the formation of heavier elements during star formation and evolution Demonstrate understanding on the basic concept of star formation. Know the chemical elements from hydrogen to iron can be formed in the stars through stellar fusion
- 4. Name this Riddle? 1.At night they come without being fetched, and by day they are lost without being stolen. What am I? Ans.: Stars 2. What did the scientist say when he found 2 atoms of Helium? Ans.: HeHe
- 5. 3. When two lightbecome one, I liberate quite a bit of nuclear energy ? What am I? Ans: Nuclear Fusion 4. When combined with oxygen, I make the “fizz”, wear me on your finger or use me to write, in one of my forms, my name is graphite.Who am I? Ans.: Carbon
- 6. The Galaxy Puzzle: Once,there was a spy named Hydrogen (nicknamed Hy) with massive issues on trusting Angela, his agency partner. There was always the possibility that their opinions crash against each other rather than end in a peaceful fusion like when Hy suggest the suspect of the crime they were investigating could be in the East Coast but Angela argues that the place should be in the West Coast. They were almost becoming the “big bang” to their carrers. The gravity of the situation made Hy and Angela rethink their attitude and agree to be more understandable of each other’s difference on opinions.
- 7. _____________1. This isthe lightest element in the periodic table. _____________2. This is what happens when elements combine together, usually resulting to new elements. _____________3. This is the theory which proposes the universe is still in the process of inflation. _____________4. This is the term for stars bigger than our own Sun. _____________5. This is what pulls atoms together and what causes the earth to orbit the sun
- 8. How were theheavy elements formed? Stellar Nucleosynthesis - birth of elements through nuclear fusion that takes w/in stars. - is the process by which the natural abundance of the chemical elements within stars vary due to nuclear fusion reactions -Explains how new atomic nucleus are formed from nucleons preceding from the new ones.
- 9. Nuclear fusion It ishow elements hydrogen, Helium and small amounts of lithium and beryllium were formed. a process by which neutron and protons combine together to form a new atom. an extremely high energy and temperature of the universe.
- 10. Proton and Neutronfusion + = New Atom Identity of an element
- 11. Nucleosynthetic Pathways: Triple Alpha Process C-N-Ocycle Alpha Ladder
- 12. Triple Alpha Process Isa set of nuclear fusion reactions to which three Helium-4 atom (alpha particles) are transformed into Carbon(C).
- 13. C-N-O cycle It isthe catalytic cycle. One of the two known sets of fusion reactions by which stars convert hydrogen to helium in a larger or hotter main-sequence star.
- 14. Alpha Ladder One oftwo classes of nuclear fusion reactions by which stars convert helium into heavier elements.
- 15. HOW OTHER HEAVYELEMENTS WERE FORMED OTHER THAN IRON (Fe)? All the elements heavier than iron are formed in a SUPERNOVA.
- 16. SUPERNOVA NUCLEOSYTHESIS -a massiveexplosion of a star. - nucleosynthesis of chemical elements in supernova explosions. -neutron capture reaction takes place, leading to the formation of heavy elements.
- 17. Hydrostatic Burning - nuclearfusion and not a chemical reaction. - A very brief sequence of nuclear fusion that occur in massive stars w/ a minimum of about 8- 11solar masses - set of nuclear fusion that takes place in massive stars that used up lighter elements in their core. - Set of nuclear fusion by which three helium-4 nuclei are transformed into Carbon. -A set of nuclear fusion reaction that take place in the cores of massive stars that combines Carbon into other elements.
- 18. TWO PROCESSES INVOLVES: A.R-process/Rapid Neutron capture process -responsible for the creation of approximately half the atomic nuclei heavier iron -Involves rapid capture of neutrons by the atom. - Synthesizes the most neutron-rich stable isotopes of each heavy elements. - entails a succession of rapid neutron captures by one or more heavy seed nuclei.
- 19. B. S-process/ SlowNeutron Capture process - series of reaction in nuclear astrophysics that occur in stars, particularly asymptotic giant branch stars. -involving slow neutron capture in red giants.
- 20. SUMMARY Formation of HeavyElements Lighter elements were formed during the Big bang theory Heavy elements were formed after the Lighter elements.
- 21.
- 22. TWO PROCESSES INVOLVES: a.R-process/ Rapid Neutron capture process -Involves rapid capture of neutrons by the atom. b. S-process/ Slow Neutron Capture process - involving slow neutron capture in red giants.