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Frame Relay

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Kishore Kumar

The document details Frame Relay, a data link layer packet-switching protocol used for medium to long-distance connectivity, highlighting its advantages over leased lines through the use of virtual circuits (VCs). It explains key terminology, such as Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI), Committed Information Rate (CIR), and different types of virtual circuits (PVCs and SVCs). Configuration steps for routers at different office locations are also provided, demonstrating the practical application of the Frame Relay protocol in a network setup.

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E0 192.168.1.150 E0 192.168.3.150 LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24 HYDERABAD OFFICE BANGLORE OFFICE E0 192.168.2.150 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 CHENNAI OFFICE 2
Frame Relay • Frame Relay is a data link layer packet-switching protocol that uses digital circuits. • It is used for medium to longer distances and for longer connectivity. • Leased lines also provide longer connectivity but a physical circuit is used to make connection between 2 sites and the same circuit path is used always. • Frame Relay connections use logical circuits to make connections between 2 sites. These logical circuits are referred to as Virtual Circuits(VCs). • Multiple VCs can exist on the same physical connection. • VCs are Full duplex. 3
Advantages of Frame Relay • VCs overcome the scalability problems of leased lines by providing multiple logical circuits over the same physical connection. • Only one serial interface of a router is needed to handle the VC connections to multiple sites Whereas using leased lines multiple serial interfaces are needed to connect to multiple sites. • VCs provide full connectivity at a much lower price compared to leased lines. 4
Frame Relay Terminology • Sub-interfaces • Uses Shared bandwidth • Local Management interface(LMI): – used between the Frame relay DTE(eg.Router) and the Frame Relay DCE(eg. Frame Relay switch) – Defines how the DTE interacts with the DCE – Locally significant – Provides VCs status information(a keep-alive mechanism) – LMI standards : Cisco, ANSI, Q933a The DTE and DCE must have the same LMI signaling type 5
Frame Relay Terminology • Data Link Connection Identifier(DLCI) : – used to identify each VC on a physical interface (i.e.) Each VC has a unique local address called a DLCI number. – switch will map to the destination depending on the DLCI number – Inverse ARP is used to map DLCIs to next hop addresses. – Mapping can also be done manually. – Its Locally significant. – These numbers are given by the Frame relay service providers, Service providers assign DLCIs in the range of 16 to 1007. 6
Frame Relay Terminology • Virtual circuits are of two types: – Permanent Virtual Circuits – PVCs – Switched Virtual Circuits –SVCs • Permanent Virtual Circuit : – similar to a dedicated leased line , permanent connection. – used when constant data is being generated. • Switched Virtual Circuit : – also called as Semi-permanent virtual circuit – similar to a circuit switched connection where the VC is dynamically built and then torn down once the data has been sent. – used when data has to be sent in small amounts 7 and at periodic intervals.
Frame Relay Terminology • Committed Information Rate(CIR) : – Average data rate measured over a fixed period of time that the carrier guarantees for a VC. – committed bandwidth • Burst Rate(BR) : – Average data rate provider guarantees for a VC. – Excess bandwidth 8
Frame Relay Terminology • FECN and BECN : – Forward Explicit Congestion Notification – Backward Explicit Congestion Notification • When congestion occurs switch marks the FECN and BECN bits in the frame header. • FECN is sent to the destination • BECN is sent to the source • Thereby notifying both source and destination about the congestion. • FECN = 0 and BECN =0 implies no congestion. 9
Frame-Relay - Network Diagram FRAME-RELAY SWICH 10.0.0.1/8 S0 HYD 11.0.0.1/8 S0 S1 10.0.0.2/8 E0 192.168.1.150/24 DLCI NO : 100 LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 CHE S1 11.0.0.2/8 E0 192.168.2.150/24 BAN E0 192.168.3.150/2 DLCI NO : 200 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24 10
Frame-Relay - Network Diagram FRAME-RELAY SWICH 10.0.0.1/8 S0 HYD CHE E0 192.168.1.150/24 DLCI NO : 100 LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 S1 10.0.0.2/8 E0 192.168.2.150/24 BAN E0 192.168.3.150/2 DLCI NO : 200 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24 11
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Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:> telnet 192.168.1.150 Connecting ..... Configuring Serial interface Configuring Serial interface ================================ Router(config)#interface serial <no> Router(config)#interface serial <no> Welcome to Hyderabad Router Router(config-if)#ip address <address> <mask> Router(config-if)#ip ================================ address <address> <mask> Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#no shutdown User Access Verification Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay password : **** Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> Hyderabad> enable Router(config-if)#frame-relay interface-dlci <dlci no> password : **** Router(config-if)#frame-relay interface-dlci <dlci no> Hyderabad# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Hyderabad(config)# interface serial 0 Hyderabad(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Hyderabad(config-if)# no shut Hyderabad(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay Hyderabad(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type cisco Hyderabad(config-if)# frame-relay interface-dlci 100 Hyderabad(config-if)# exit Hyderabad(config)# 13
Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:> telnet 192.168.3.150 Connecting ..... Configuring Serial interface Configuring Serial interface ================================ Router(config)#interface serial <no> Router(config)#interface serial <no> Welcome to Banglore Router Router(config-if)#ip address <address> <mask> Router(config-if)#ip ================================ address <address> <mask> Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#no shutdown User Access Verification Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay password : **** Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> Banglore> enable Router(config-if)#frame-relay interface-dlci <dlci no> password : **** Router(config-if)#frame-relay interface-dlci <dlci no> Banglore# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Banglore(config)# interface serial 1 Banglore(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 Banglore(config-if)# no shut Banglore(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay Banglore(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type cisco Banglore(config-if)# frame-relay interface-dlci 200 Banglore(config-if)# exit Banglore(config)# 14
Configuring Frame-relay Switch Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] Switch Configuring Frame-relay (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoftserial <no> Router(config)#interface serial <no> Router(config)#interface Corp. C:> telnet 192.168.2.150 Router(config-if)#no ip address Router(config-if)#no ip address Connecting ..... Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#no shutdown ================================ Router(config-if)#clockrate <clock rate> Router(config-if)#clockrate <clock rate> Welcome to Chennai Router Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ================================ Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> User Access Verification Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> password Router(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce Switch : **** Converting Router to intf-type dce Router(config-if)#frame-relay Frame-relay Switch Converting Router to Frame-relay Chennai> enable Router(config-if)#frame-relay switching Router(config)#frame-relay switching Router(config-if)#frame-relayroute <Source dlci no> Router(config)#frame-relay route <Source dlci no> password : **** interface <int type> <int. no> interface <int type> <int. no> Chennai# configure terminal <Destination dlci no> <Destination dlci Enter configuration commands, one per line.no> with CNTL/Z. End Chennai(config)# frame-relay switching Chennai(config)# interface serial 1 Chennai(config-if)# no ip address Chennai(config-if)# no shut Chennai(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay Chennai(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Chennai(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type cisco Chennai(config-if)# frame-relay intf-type dce Chennai(config-if)# frame-relay route 100 interface serial 0 200 15
Chennai(config)# interface serial 0 Chennai(config-if)# no ip address Chennai(config-if)# no shut Chennai(config-if)# encapsulation Frame-relaySwitch Configuring Frame-relay Switch Configuring frame-relay Chennai(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Router(config)#interface serial <no> Router(config)#interface serial <no> Chennai(config-if)# frame-relay address cisco lmi-type Router(config-if)#no ip address Router(config-if)#no ip intf-type dce Chennai(config-if)# frame-relay Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#no shutdown Chennai(config-if)# frame-relay route 200 interface serial 1 100 Router(config-if)#clockrate <clock rate> Router(config-if)#clockrate <clock rate> Chennai(config-if)# Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> Router(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce Router(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce Router(config-if)#frame-relay route <Source dlci no> Router(config-if)#frame-relay route <Source dlci no> interface <int type> <int. no> interface <int type> <int. no> <Destination dlci no> <Destination dlci no> 16
Hyderabad# show frame-relay pvc PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE) DLCI = 100, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0 input pkts 0 output pkts 2 in bytes 0 out bytes 60 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 2 out bcast bytes 60 pvc create time 00:12:03, last time pvc status changed 00:00:20 Hyderabad# PVC STATUS = ACTIVE PVC STATUS = ACTIVE Implies, all configurations and the connectivity are Implies, all configurations and the connectivity are fine. fine. 17
Hyderabad# show frame-relay pvc PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE) DLCI = 100, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL,PVC STATUS = INACTIVE,INTERFACE = Serial0 input pkts 0 output pkts 2 in bytes 0 out bytes 60 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 2 out bcast bytes 60 pvc create time 00:12:03, last time pvc status changed 00:00:20 Hyderabad# PVC STATUS = INACTIVE PVC STATUS = INACTIVE Implies, Configuration or Connectivity Problem with Implies, Configuration or Connectivity Problem with Remote LMI Remote LMI 18
Hyderabad# show frame-relay pvc PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE) DLCI = 100, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL,PVC STATUS = DELETED,INTERFACE = Serial0 input pkts 0 output pkts 2 in bytes 0 out bytes 60 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 2 out bcast bytes 60 pvc create time 00:12:03, last time pvc status changed 00:00:20 Hyderabad# PVC STATUS = DELETED PVC STATUS = DELETED Implies, Configuration or Connectivity Problem with Implies, Configuration or Connectivity Problem with Local LMI Local LMI 19
Banglore# show frame-relay pvc PVC Statistics for interface Serial1 (Frame Relay DTE) DLCI = 200, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1 input pkts 8 output pkts 7 in bytes 570 out bytes 586 dropped pkts 2 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 7 out bcast bytes 586 pvc create time 00:12:26, last time pvc status changed 00:02:06 Banglore# 20
Chennai# show frame-relay pvc PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DCE) DLCI = 200, DLCI USAGE = SWITCHED,PVC STATUS = ACTIVE,INTERFACE = Serial0 input pkts 0 output pkts 0 in bytes 0 out bytes 0 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 0 out bcast bytes 0 pvc create time 00:02:07, last time pvc status changed 00:00:56 Num Pkts Switched 0 PVC Statistics for interface Serial1 (Frame Relay DCE) DLCI = 100, DLCI USAGE = SWITCHED,PVC STATUS = ACTIVE,INTERFACE = Serial1 input pkts 4 output pkts 3 in bytes 186 out bytes 202 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 0 out bcast bytes 0 pvc create time 00:02:21, last time pvc status changed 00:01:04 Num Pkts Switched 4 Chennai# 21
Hyderabad# show frame-relay map Serial0 (up): ip 10.0.0.2, dlci 100(0x64,0x1840), dynamic, broadcast, status defined, active Hyderabad# 22
Banglore# show frame-relay map Serial1 (up): ip 10.0.0.1, dlci 200(0xC8,0x3080), dynamic, broadcast, status defined, active Banglore# 23
Chennai# show Input Intf Serial0 Serial1 Chennai# frame-relay Input Dlci 200 100 route Output Intf Serial1 Serial0 Output Dlci 100 200 24 Status active active
Hyderabad(config)# no ip routing Hyderabad(config)# ip routing Hyderabad(config)# router rip Hyderabad(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0 Hyderabad(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 Hyderabad(config-router)# ^Z Configuring RIP Hyderabad# show ip route Configuring RIP Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP Router(config)# router rip Router(config)# router rip D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, <Network ID> area Router(config-router)# network IA - OSPF inter Router(config-router)# network <Network ID> N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:25, Serial0 Hyderabad# ping 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms Hyderabad# 25
Banglore(config)# no ip routing Banglore(config)# ip routing Banglore(config)# router rip Banglore(config-router)# network 192.168.3.0 Banglore(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 Banglore(config-router)# ^Z Configuring RIP Banglore# show ip route Configuring RIP Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP Router(config)# router rip Router(config)# router rip D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, <Network ID> area Router(config-router)# network IA - OSPF inter Router(config-router)# network <Network ID> N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.0.0.1, 00:00:04, Serial1 C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 Banglore# ping 192.168.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms Banglore# 26

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Frame Relay

  • 1. 1
  • 2. E0 192.168.1.150 E0 192.168.3.150 LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24 HYDERABAD OFFICE BANGLORE OFFICE E0 192.168.2.150 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 CHENNAI OFFICE 2
  • 3. Frame Relay • Frame Relay is a data link layer packet-switching protocol that uses digital circuits. • It is used for medium to longer distances and for longer connectivity. • Leased lines also provide longer connectivity but a physical circuit is used to make connection between 2 sites and the same circuit path is used always. • Frame Relay connections use logical circuits to make connections between 2 sites. These logical circuits are referred to as Virtual Circuits(VCs). • Multiple VCs can exist on the same physical connection. • VCs are Full duplex. 3
  • 4. Advantages of Frame Relay • VCs overcome the scalability problems of leased lines by providing multiple logical circuits over the same physical connection. • Only one serial interface of a router is needed to handle the VC connections to multiple sites Whereas using leased lines multiple serial interfaces are needed to connect to multiple sites. • VCs provide full connectivity at a much lower price compared to leased lines. 4
  • 5. Frame Relay Terminology • Sub-interfaces • Uses Shared bandwidth • Local Management interface(LMI): – used between the Frame relay DTE(eg.Router) and the Frame Relay DCE(eg. Frame Relay switch) – Defines how the DTE interacts with the DCE – Locally significant – Provides VCs status information(a keep-alive mechanism) – LMI standards : Cisco, ANSI, Q933a The DTE and DCE must have the same LMI signaling type 5
  • 6. Frame Relay Terminology • Data Link Connection Identifier(DLCI) : – used to identify each VC on a physical interface (i.e.) Each VC has a unique local address called a DLCI number. – switch will map to the destination depending on the DLCI number – Inverse ARP is used to map DLCIs to next hop addresses. – Mapping can also be done manually. – Its Locally significant. – These numbers are given by the Frame relay service providers, Service providers assign DLCIs in the range of 16 to 1007. 6
  • 7. Frame Relay Terminology • Virtual circuits are of two types: – Permanent Virtual Circuits – PVCs – Switched Virtual Circuits –SVCs • Permanent Virtual Circuit : – similar to a dedicated leased line , permanent connection. – used when constant data is being generated. • Switched Virtual Circuit : – also called as Semi-permanent virtual circuit – similar to a circuit switched connection where the VC is dynamically built and then torn down once the data has been sent. – used when data has to be sent in small amounts 7 and at periodic intervals.
  • 8. Frame Relay Terminology • Committed Information Rate(CIR) : – Average data rate measured over a fixed period of time that the carrier guarantees for a VC. – committed bandwidth • Burst Rate(BR) : – Average data rate provider guarantees for a VC. – Excess bandwidth 8
  • 9. Frame Relay Terminology • FECN and BECN : – Forward Explicit Congestion Notification – Backward Explicit Congestion Notification • When congestion occurs switch marks the FECN and BECN bits in the frame header. • FECN is sent to the destination • BECN is sent to the source • Thereby notifying both source and destination about the congestion. • FECN = 0 and BECN =0 implies no congestion. 9
  • 10. Frame-Relay - Network Diagram FRAME-RELAY SWICH 10.0.0.1/8 S0 HYD 11.0.0.1/8 S0 S1 10.0.0.2/8 E0 192.168.1.150/24 DLCI NO : 100 LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 CHE S1 11.0.0.2/8 E0 192.168.2.150/24 BAN E0 192.168.3.150/2 DLCI NO : 200 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24 10
  • 11. Frame-Relay - Network Diagram FRAME-RELAY SWICH 10.0.0.1/8 S0 HYD CHE E0 192.168.1.150/24 DLCI NO : 100 LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 S1 10.0.0.2/8 E0 192.168.2.150/24 BAN E0 192.168.3.150/2 DLCI NO : 200 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24 11
  • 12. 12
  • 13. Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:> telnet 192.168.1.150 Connecting ..... Configuring Serial interface Configuring Serial interface ================================ Router(config)#interface serial <no> Router(config)#interface serial <no> Welcome to Hyderabad Router Router(config-if)#ip address <address> <mask> Router(config-if)#ip ================================ address <address> <mask> Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#no shutdown User Access Verification Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay password : **** Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> Hyderabad> enable Router(config-if)#frame-relay interface-dlci <dlci no> password : **** Router(config-if)#frame-relay interface-dlci <dlci no> Hyderabad# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Hyderabad(config)# interface serial 0 Hyderabad(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Hyderabad(config-if)# no shut Hyderabad(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay Hyderabad(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type cisco Hyderabad(config-if)# frame-relay interface-dlci 100 Hyderabad(config-if)# exit Hyderabad(config)# 13
  • 14. Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:> telnet 192.168.3.150 Connecting ..... Configuring Serial interface Configuring Serial interface ================================ Router(config)#interface serial <no> Router(config)#interface serial <no> Welcome to Banglore Router Router(config-if)#ip address <address> <mask> Router(config-if)#ip ================================ address <address> <mask> Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#no shutdown User Access Verification Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay password : **** Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> Banglore> enable Router(config-if)#frame-relay interface-dlci <dlci no> password : **** Router(config-if)#frame-relay interface-dlci <dlci no> Banglore# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Banglore(config)# interface serial 1 Banglore(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 Banglore(config-if)# no shut Banglore(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay Banglore(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type cisco Banglore(config-if)# frame-relay interface-dlci 200 Banglore(config-if)# exit Banglore(config)# 14
  • 15. Configuring Frame-relay Switch Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] Switch Configuring Frame-relay (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoftserial <no> Router(config)#interface serial <no> Router(config)#interface Corp. C:> telnet 192.168.2.150 Router(config-if)#no ip address Router(config-if)#no ip address Connecting ..... Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#no shutdown ================================ Router(config-if)#clockrate <clock rate> Router(config-if)#clockrate <clock rate> Welcome to Chennai Router Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ================================ Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> User Access Verification Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> password Router(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce Switch : **** Converting Router to intf-type dce Router(config-if)#frame-relay Frame-relay Switch Converting Router to Frame-relay Chennai> enable Router(config-if)#frame-relay switching Router(config)#frame-relay switching Router(config-if)#frame-relayroute <Source dlci no> Router(config)#frame-relay route <Source dlci no> password : **** interface <int type> <int. no> interface <int type> <int. no> Chennai# configure terminal <Destination dlci no> <Destination dlci Enter configuration commands, one per line.no> with CNTL/Z. End Chennai(config)# frame-relay switching Chennai(config)# interface serial 1 Chennai(config-if)# no ip address Chennai(config-if)# no shut Chennai(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay Chennai(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Chennai(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type cisco Chennai(config-if)# frame-relay intf-type dce Chennai(config-if)# frame-relay route 100 interface serial 0 200 15
  • 16. Chennai(config)# interface serial 0 Chennai(config-if)# no ip address Chennai(config-if)# no shut Chennai(config-if)# encapsulation Frame-relaySwitch Configuring Frame-relay Switch Configuring frame-relay Chennai(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Router(config)#interface serial <no> Router(config)#interface serial <no> Chennai(config-if)# frame-relay address cisco lmi-type Router(config-if)#no ip address Router(config-if)#no ip intf-type dce Chennai(config-if)# frame-relay Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#no shutdown Chennai(config-if)# frame-relay route 200 interface serial 1 100 Router(config-if)#clockrate <clock rate> Router(config-if)#clockrate <clock rate> Chennai(config-if)# Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> Router(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type <lmi type> Router(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce Router(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce Router(config-if)#frame-relay route <Source dlci no> Router(config-if)#frame-relay route <Source dlci no> interface <int type> <int. no> interface <int type> <int. no> <Destination dlci no> <Destination dlci no> 16
  • 17. Hyderabad# show frame-relay pvc PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE) DLCI = 100, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0 input pkts 0 output pkts 2 in bytes 0 out bytes 60 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 2 out bcast bytes 60 pvc create time 00:12:03, last time pvc status changed 00:00:20 Hyderabad# PVC STATUS = ACTIVE PVC STATUS = ACTIVE Implies, all configurations and the connectivity are Implies, all configurations and the connectivity are fine. fine. 17
  • 18. Hyderabad# show frame-relay pvc PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE) DLCI = 100, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL,PVC STATUS = INACTIVE,INTERFACE = Serial0 input pkts 0 output pkts 2 in bytes 0 out bytes 60 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 2 out bcast bytes 60 pvc create time 00:12:03, last time pvc status changed 00:00:20 Hyderabad# PVC STATUS = INACTIVE PVC STATUS = INACTIVE Implies, Configuration or Connectivity Problem with Implies, Configuration or Connectivity Problem with Remote LMI Remote LMI 18
  • 19. Hyderabad# show frame-relay pvc PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE) DLCI = 100, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL,PVC STATUS = DELETED,INTERFACE = Serial0 input pkts 0 output pkts 2 in bytes 0 out bytes 60 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 2 out bcast bytes 60 pvc create time 00:12:03, last time pvc status changed 00:00:20 Hyderabad# PVC STATUS = DELETED PVC STATUS = DELETED Implies, Configuration or Connectivity Problem with Implies, Configuration or Connectivity Problem with Local LMI Local LMI 19
  • 20. Banglore# show frame-relay pvc PVC Statistics for interface Serial1 (Frame Relay DTE) DLCI = 200, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1 input pkts 8 output pkts 7 in bytes 570 out bytes 586 dropped pkts 2 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 7 out bcast bytes 586 pvc create time 00:12:26, last time pvc status changed 00:02:06 Banglore# 20
  • 21. Chennai# show frame-relay pvc PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DCE) DLCI = 200, DLCI USAGE = SWITCHED,PVC STATUS = ACTIVE,INTERFACE = Serial0 input pkts 0 output pkts 0 in bytes 0 out bytes 0 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 0 out bcast bytes 0 pvc create time 00:02:07, last time pvc status changed 00:00:56 Num Pkts Switched 0 PVC Statistics for interface Serial1 (Frame Relay DCE) DLCI = 100, DLCI USAGE = SWITCHED,PVC STATUS = ACTIVE,INTERFACE = Serial1 input pkts 4 output pkts 3 in bytes 186 out bytes 202 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 0 out bcast bytes 0 pvc create time 00:02:21, last time pvc status changed 00:01:04 Num Pkts Switched 4 Chennai# 21
  • 22. Hyderabad# show frame-relay map Serial0 (up): ip 10.0.0.2, dlci 100(0x64,0x1840), dynamic, broadcast, status defined, active Hyderabad# 22
  • 23. Banglore# show frame-relay map Serial1 (up): ip 10.0.0.1, dlci 200(0xC8,0x3080), dynamic, broadcast, status defined, active Banglore# 23
  • 24. Chennai# show Input Intf Serial0 Serial1 Chennai# frame-relay Input Dlci 200 100 route Output Intf Serial1 Serial0 Output Dlci 100 200 24 Status active active
  • 25. Hyderabad(config)# no ip routing Hyderabad(config)# ip routing Hyderabad(config)# router rip Hyderabad(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0 Hyderabad(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 Hyderabad(config-router)# ^Z Configuring RIP Hyderabad# show ip route Configuring RIP Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP Router(config)# router rip Router(config)# router rip D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, <Network ID> area Router(config-router)# network IA - OSPF inter Router(config-router)# network <Network ID> N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:25, Serial0 Hyderabad# ping 192.168.3.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms Hyderabad# 25
  • 26. Banglore(config)# no ip routing Banglore(config)# ip routing Banglore(config)# router rip Banglore(config-router)# network 192.168.3.0 Banglore(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 Banglore(config-router)# ^Z Configuring RIP Banglore# show ip route Configuring RIP Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP Router(config)# router rip Router(config)# router rip D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, <Network ID> area Router(config-router)# network IA - OSPF inter Router(config-router)# network <Network ID> N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.0.0.1, 00:00:04, Serial1 C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 Banglore# ping 192.168.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms Banglore# 26