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![Single Plate Clutch
•(1)within limit R2 to R1 we
[ p=Constant]∵
∫∫ =
1
2
R
R
2
T
0
r δrrpμ2πΤ
∫∫ =
1
2
R
R
2
T
0
r δrrpμ2πΤ
( )3
2
3
1
R
R
3
RRpμπ
3
2
3
r
pμ2πΤ
2
1
−=
=](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/frictionalclutch-160915111544/75/Frictional-clutch-13-2048.jpg)
![Single Plate Clutch
•We know that frictional torque acting on ring is,
……….(5)
…….(6)
[ ] ( )
( )21
21
R
R
RR2π
W
C
RRC2rC2πW 1
2
−
=
−== π
δrrCμ2πΤδrr
r
C
μπ2Τ
δrrpμ2πΤ
r
2
r
2
r
===
=](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/frictionalclutch-160915111544/75/Frictional-clutch-17-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byChandresh Suthar
Frictional clutch
The document discusses various types of frictional clutches, including disc clutches, cone clutches, and centrifugal clutches. It provides details on the structure and operating principles of single plate and multi-plate disc clutches. The torque transmission analysis for these clutches is presented based on both uniform pressure and uniform wear theories. Cone clutches are described as providing higher torque transfer compared to disc clutches of the same size. Centrifugal clutches are explained as using centrifugal force to automatically engage and disengage based on engine speed.
In this document
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Introduction to clutches, types including mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and electromagnetic types.
Definition of clutches as devices for power transmission, including various mechanical types.
Details about single plate clutches used in vehicles, their construction with friction linings.
Mathematical analysis for torque and friction in single plate clutches, discussing uniform pressure and wear theories.
Further equations and theories explaining torque transmission based on load and pressure in single plate clutches.
Equation expressing the power transmitted by a single plate clutch based on torque and shaft speed.
Description of multi-plate clutches featuring multiple friction surfaces, increasing torque transmission capacity.
Statistics on intensity of pressure in multi-plate clutches and their configurations for optimal performance.
Introduction to cone clutches, their structure, application in torque transmission, and advantages.
Discussion on the theoretical aspects of cone clutches based on uniform pressure and wear theories.
Explanation of centrifugal clutches, their operation based on centrifugal force, and features.
Benefits of centrifugal clutches including automatic operation, torque transfer efficiency, and reliability.
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Frictional clutch
- 1. GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY THEORYOF MACHINES (2151902) Active Learning Assignment On MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT FRICTIONAL CLUCHES PREPAIRED BY: MANAV SONANI (140120119223) CHANDRESH SUTHAR (140120119229) GOVIND TADE (140120119230) GUIDED BY: PROF. VIPAL PANCHAL
- 2. CONTENT • Introduction toclutch • Types of clutch • Disc clutch Single plate clutch Multi plate clutch • Cone clutch • Centrifugal clutch
- 3. WHAT IS CLUTCHES? •A Clutch is a mechanical device that engages and disengages the power transmission , especially from driving shaft to driven shaft. •In the simplest application, clutches connect and disconnect two rotating shafts (drive shafts or line shafts). In these devices, one shaft is typically attached to an engine or other power unit (the driving member) while the other shaft (the driven member) provides output power for work.
- 4. TYPES OF CLUTCHES 1)Mechanicalclutches 2)Pneumatic clutches 3)Hydraulic clutches 4)Electromagnetic clutches Mechanical clutches 1)Positive contact clutches i. jaw clutches ii.toothed clutches 2)Friction clutches Disc clutches • Single plate clutches • Multi plate clutches Cone clutches Centrifugal clutches
- 6.
- 7. USED INCARS AND LIGHT VEHICLES. IT HAS ONLY ONE CLUTCH PLATE WHICH IS MOUNTED ON THE SPLINES OF THE CLUTCH SHAFT. WHEN CLUTCH IS IN ENGAGED POSITION, THE CLUTCH PLATE REMAINS GRIPPED BETWEEN FLYWHEEL AND PRESSURE PLATE. FRICTION LININGS ARE PROVIDED ON BOTH THE SIDES OF CLUTCH PLATE.
- 8. Single Plate Clutch •W=totalaxial load •R1=External radius of clutch plate •R2=internal radius of the clutch plate •P=intensity of pressure between contacting surfaces. •µ=coefficient of friction between contacting surfaces 1R 1R
- 9. Single Plate Clutch •Considera elemental ring of radius ‘r’ and thickness δr on the contacting surface. therefore, •Area of the ring on contacting surface is, •Axial load on the ring is, δW=pressure×Area of the ring δrr2πpδW ×=
- 10. Single Plate Clutch •Frictionalresistance offered by ring is, •Frictional torque acting on the ring is, δWμFr = δrrpμ2πδr)r2πμ(pFr == r 2 r rr δrpμ2πδr.rrpμ2πT rFT == =
- 11. Single Plate Clutch •Torquetransmitted by single plate clutch is obtained by considering following two assumptions (a)uniform pressure theory (b)uniform wear theory
- 12. Single Plate Clutch (a)uniformpressure theory: •Assuming that the intensity of pressure over the entire contacting surface area is constant, •Total torque transmitted by single plate clutch can be obtain by integrating Equation Then, p=constant ( )2 2 2 1 RRπ W areasurfacecontacting load p − ==
- 13. Single Plate Clutch •(1)withinlimit R2 to R1 we [ p=Constant]∵ ∫∫ = 1 2 R R 2 T 0 r δrrpμ2πΤ ∫∫ = 1 2 R R 2 T 0 r δrrpμ2πΤ ( )3 2 3 1 R R 3 RRpμπ 3 2 3 r pμ2πΤ 2 1 −= =
- 14. …….(A) • Equation (A)gives the torque transmitted by single plate clutch due to friction considering uniform pressure theory. ( ) ( )3 2 3 12 2 2 1 RR RRπ W μπ 3 2 Τ −× − = ( ) − = 2 2 2 1 RRπ W p ( ) ( ) − − = 2 2 2 1 3 2 3 1 RR RR μ W 3 2 Τ
- 15. Single Plate Clutch (b)Uniform Wear Theory •In this theory, we are considering that wear which take place is uniform over the entire contacting surface i.e. P.r=constant P.r=C P=C/r …...(3)
- 16. Single Plate Clutch •Axialload acting on the ring is δW=p 2π r δr δW=2 π C δr …(4) •Integrating above Equation(4) within limit we get, δrC2π r C δW = ∫ ∫= w 0 R R 1 2 δrC2πδW
- 17. Single Plate Clutch •Weknow that frictional torque acting on ring is, ……….(5) …….(6) [ ] ( ) ( )21 21 R R RR2π W C RRC2rC2πW 1 2 − = −== π δrrCμ2πΤδrr r C μπ2Τ δrrpμ2πΤ r 2 r 2 r === =
- 18. Single Plate Clutch •Torquetransmitted by single plate clutch can be obtain by integrating the Equation (4 ) within the limit R2 to R1 we get, ( ) 2 RR Cμ2π 2 r Cμ2πΤ δrrCμ2πΤ δrrCμ2πΤ 2 2 2 1 R R 2 R R T 0 r R R T 0 r 1 2 2 2 2 2 − = = = = ∫∫ ∫∫
- 19. Single Plate Clutch •Thisis the torque transmitted by single plate due to friction considering uniform wear theory. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) μWπ 2 1 Τ RR RR μWπ 2 1 Τ RR RR2π W μπΤ 21 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 21 = − − = −× − =
- 20. Single Plate Clutch •Powertransmitted by single plate clutch is given by, rpminshaftofSpeedNwhere, Watt 60 NΤ2π P ΤωP = = =
- 21. MULTIPLATE CLUTCH Multi-plate clutchconsists of more than one clutch plates contrary to single plate clutch which consists of only one plate. Friction surfaces are made in case of multi-plate clutch. Due to increased number of friction surfaces, a multi-plate clutch can transmit large torque.
- 23. For multiplate clutch •Foruniform pressure theory, •For uniform wear theory, ( ) ( ) − − ×= 2 2 2 1 3 2 3 1 RR RR μ W 3 2 nΤ ( )21 RRμW 2 1 nΤ +×=
- 24. Multiplate Clutch Notes: •In caseof new clutch ,the intensity of pressure is uniform along the surface of clutch but in case of old clutch uniform theory is more correct. •For single plate clutch normally both sides of the plate are effective .there for single plate clutch has two pairs of contacting surface i.e. n=2. •In actual practice, usually the theory of uniform wear is used in analysis of clutch.
- 25. •Intensity of pressureis maximum at the inner radius R2 of the friction or contact surface, •Intensity of pressure is minimum at the inner radius R1 of the friction or contact surface, 2 max2max R C PORCRP ==× 1 max1max R C PORCRP ==×
- 26. In mutilate discclutch no of disc on driving shaft no of disc on driven shaft So no. of pairs in contact, 1nnn 21 −+= =1n =2n
- 27.
- 28. CONE CLUTCH • Acone clutch serves the same purpose as a disk or plate clutch. However, instead of mating two spinning disks, the cone clutch uses two conical surfaces to transmit friction and torque.The cone clutch transfers a higher torque than plate or disk clutches of the same size due to the wedging action and increased surface area.
- 29. CONE CLUTCH • Coneclutches are generally now only used in low peripheral speed applications although they were once common in automobiles and other combustion engine transmissions.They are usually now confined to very specialist transmissions in racing, rallying, or in extreme off-road vehicles, although they are common in power boats.
- 30.
- 31. Notation of coneclutch
- 32. CONE CLUTCH An elementof cone clutch
- 33.
- 34.
- 35. CONE CLUTCH • Accordingto uniform pressure theory, (where p is constant) • According to uniform wear theory, (where p*r is constant)
- 36.
- 37. Centrifugal clutch Driving shaft Driven shaft Friction lining Total frictiontorque , T = nµR(F-P) F=mrω2 ω ω CENTRIFUGAL CLUTCH
- 38. CENTRIFUGAL CLUTCH • Acentrifugal clutch works on the principle of centrifugal force. • The clutch's purpose is to disengage when the engine is idling so that the chain does not move . • These clutches are particularly useful in internal combustion engines, which can not be started under load.
- 39. •The clutch consistsof three parts: •An outer drum that turns freely - This drum includes a sprocket that engages the chain. When the drum turns, the chain turns. •A centre shaft attached directly to the engine's crankshaft - If the engine is turning, so is the shaft. •A pair of cylindrical clutch weights attached to the centre shaft, along with a spring that keeps them retracted against the shaft CENTRIFUGAL CLUTCH
- 40. • There areseveral advantages to a centrifugal clutch • It is automatic. (In a car with a manual transmission, you need a clutch pedal. A centrifugal clutch doesn't.) • It slips automatically to avoid stalling the engine. (In a car, the driver must slip the clutch.) • Once the engine is spinning fast enough, there is no slip in the clutch. • It lasts forever. CENTRIFUGAL CLUTCH
- 41.
- 42. CENTRIFUGAL CLUTCH • Thecentrifugal force acting on each shoe, • Just before engagement with shoe,
- 43. CENTRIFUGAL CLUTCH • Duringrunning condition, the net force