Fuels and their types

Fuels and their types

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  CLASSIFICATION OF FUEL 2 FUEL OCCURENCE PHYSICAL STATE
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  On the basisof occurrence 3 FUEL PRIMARY OR NATURAL FUEL SECONDARY OR ARTIFICIAL FUEL
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  CLASSIFICATION OF FUEL Fuels areclassified as 4 • Primary fuels – Fuels which occur naturally such as coal, crude petroleum and natural gas. Coal and crude petroleum, formed from organic matter many millions of years ago, are referred to as fossil fuels. • Secondary fuels – Fuels which are derived from naturally occurring ones by a treatment process such as coke, gasoline, coal gas etc.
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  On basis ofphysical state FUEL 5 SOLID LIQUID GAS
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  FUEL Primary Fuels Solid Eg. Wood,peat Liquid Eg.crudeoil Gas Eg.Natural gas Secondary fuels Solid EgCoke,charcoa l Liquid Eg. Petrol ,LPG Gas Eg.coal gas ,water gas 6
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  What are fossilfuels? 7 Solid Gas Fossil fuels took millions of years to form. Once they are used, we cannot replace them. Most coal was formed from plants which grew 300 million years ago. The time period is called CARBONIFEROUS. Liquid
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  • The rankingsequence is:Wood Peat Lignite (brown coal) Bituminous Coal Anthracite • In general, deposits close to the surface which can be worked by strip mining produce a more economical fuel than deep mined coal. 10
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  OIL (PETROLEUM) 12
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  How oil andgas were formed 1. In the ocean - Plants use sun’s energy to survive and animals get their energy by eating plants 2. Plants and animals in ocean die. The one’s that are not eaten fall to the bottom of the sea. 3. A few millions of years later - layers of mud forms on top of the dead animals and plants 4. Another few millions of years later - layers of sand builds up on top of the mud 5. Pressure of all these layers of mud and sand squashes and turns in to mud stone 6. Pressure of all these layers of mud and sand squashes and turns plants and animals to oil and natural gas 7. Now, scientist burn oil and gas in power stations but 13
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  FOSSIL FUELS 85% ofthe world’s commercial energy COA L OI NATURAL 14
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  Even though itwas not made from dead plants or animals, nuclear fuel is considered to be a fossil fuel because it comes from the ground and is running out. 14 OIL and NATURAL GAS (Methane) Made from the decayed remains of sea creatures which died millions of years ago
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  Advantages of NaturalGas • Cleaner to burn – Half as much CO2 as coal • More efficient – 10% energy lost • 60-year supply at current rates 17
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  Disadvantages of NaturalGas 19 • Difficult to transport – Pipelines – Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) tanker • Can be polluting, dangerous when extracted • Methane bed drilling pollutes
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  THANKYOU Presented by EswarDutt Chennamsetti 18981A0350