GAP AND GHP

"CONCEPT OF GAPs &
GHPs FOR MEDICINAL
PLANTS"
ROLL NO.30

Introduction of GAPs & GHPs
 Interest in traditional systems of medicine and, in
particular, herbal medicines, has increased substantially in both
developed and developing countries over the past two decades.
 Global and national markets for medicinal herbs have been
growing rapidly, and significant economic gains are being realized.
 According to the department of Convention on Biological
Diversity, global sales of herbal products totaled an estimated US$ 60
000 million in 2000.

Objectives of GAPs & GHPs
 The main objectives of these guidelines are to:
 Contribute to the quality assurance of medicinal plant materials
used as the source for herbal medicines.
 Guide the formulation of national or regional GAPs and
GHPs guidelines and monographs for medicinal plants and related
standard operating procedures.
 Encourage and support the sustainable cultivation of medicinal
plants of good quality in ways that respect and support the
conservation of medicinal plants and the environment in general.

What are GAPs & GHPs?
Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) and
 Good Harvesting Practices(GHPs) are voluntary audits that verify
that medicinal plants are cultivated , harvested, handled, stored ,
processed and packed as safely as possible to minimize the risks of
microbial safety hazards.

Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)
for Medicinal Plants
1. Selection of medicinal plants
2. Botanical identity
3. Seeds and other propagation materials
4. Cultivation
5. Site selection
PRINCIPLES

Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)
for Medicinal Plants
6. Ecological impact
7. Climate
8. Soil
9. Irrigation and drainage
10.Plant maintenance and protection
 PRINCIPLES

Good Harvesting Practices (GHP) for
Medicinal Plants
 Medicinal plants should be harvested during the optimal
season or time period to ensure the production of medicinal
plant.
 The time of harvest depends on the plant part to be used.
 Detailed information concerning the appropriate timing of
harvest is often available in national pharmacopoeias,
published standards, official monographs and major reference
books.
 Harvesting

Medicinal Plants
 During harvest, care should be taken to ensure that no foreign
matter, weeds or toxic plants are mixed with the harvested
medicinal plant materials.
 Medicinal plants should be harvested under the best possible
conditions.
 Cutting devices, harvesters, and other machines should be kept
clean.
 All containers used at harvest should be kept clean and free
from contamination.
 Harvesting

Medicinal Plants
 Growers and producers should have adequate knowledge of
the medicinal plant concerned.
 All personnel (including field workers) involved in the
propagation, cultivation, harvest and post-harvest processing
stages.
 Only properly trained personnel, wearing appropriate
protective clothing should apply agrochemicals.
 Growers and producers should receive instruction on all issues
relevant to the protection of the environment and conservation
of medicinal plant .
 Personnel P

Good Agricultural Practice (GAPs)&
Good Harvesting Practice (GHPs)
 Do's
Get soil sample tested.
Select land having access to clean
and reliable source of water.
Nourish the soil with plenty of
decomposed organic matter.
 Dont's
 Do not grow medicinal plants in
contaminated soil.
 Do not allow people to defecate
in medicinal plant field.
 Do not use compost made from
city waste and human excreta.
Site selection & Land preparation

 Do's
Use only quality seeds for planting
Sow seeds or transplant seedings at
right season /time of year
Maintain proper spacing between
plants and rows
 Dont's
 Do not use poor quality
materials
 Do not grow medicinal plants
neighbouring to fields of where
chemical pesticides being
sprayed
Sowing/ Planting

 Do's
Use much/straw to maintain
moisture in the soil
Uproot weeds in time
Take guidance from expert for
pest management
 Dont's
 Do not irrigate the plants too
little or too much
 Do not allow weeds to mature
and produce seeds
 Avoid using chemical pesticides
Cultural Practice

 Do's
Use proper & clean container for
storage
Harvest material at right stage
Harvest in dry weather
Keep freshly harvested material in
shade
 Dont's
 Do not harvest weeds along with
the medicinal plants
 Do not use recycled bags
 Do not place harvested material
on ground
 Do not harvest herbs in rains or
early in the morning during dew
Harvesting

References
https://www.fourelementsherbals.com/about-us
http://www.herbal-ahp.org
http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Js4928e
https://www.ams.usda.gov/services/auditing/gap-ghp
http://www.herbal-ahp.org
http://ayush.gov.in/
http://apps.who.in

Acknowledgement
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to teachers
(Dr. Naomita Dhume , Ms. Palvi Kamat , Ms. Ketaki Dalal and Ms.
Maria Nadar) who gave me this wonderful project on the topic of
( Concept of GAPs and GHPs for medicinal plants), which also
helped me to understand a lot and came to know many new things
I am really thankful to them.

GAP AND GHP

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