Gaseous fuel PPT

Gaseous fuel PPT

• 1.
  Gaseous Fuel  Gaseousfuels are those which exist in gaseous state at room temperature. For Example :- Natural Gas, CNG, Petroleum gas etc.
• 2.
  Natural Gas  Itis a mixture of paraffinic hydrocarbons in which methane is the main constituent. It occurs in the gas field (Under the crust of earth) and also in association with petroleum in oil field.
• 3.
  Dry and WetNatural Gas Natural gas containing less recoverable condensate (less than 15 gm/m3) is known as Dry natural gas.  Whereas natural gas containing more than 50 gm/m3 recoverable condensate is known as Wet natural gas.
• 4.
  Composition and Properties ParametersComposition Volume Percentage Dry Natural Gas Wet Natural Gas CH4 96.91 % 77.22 % C2H6 1.33 % 11.18 % C3H8 0.19 % 5.83 % C4H10 0.05 % 2.34 % C5H12 0.02 % 1.18 % CO2 0.82 % 0.80 % N2 0.68 % 1.39 % Properties Dry Natural Gas Wet Natural Gas Gross Calorific Value 9000 KCal/Nm2 11200 KCal/Nm2 Specific Gravity 0.547 0.741
• 5.
  Uses of NaturalGases  Enriching the gaseous fuels of low calorific value.  Making water gas.  Production of methyl chloride.  Production of methyl alcohol.  Gas turbine also use natural gas as a fuel.
• 6.
  Compressed Natural Gas(CNG)  Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a fuel source that is made from compressing natural gas to less than 1% of its standard atmospheric volume. CNG can be used in place of gasoline or diesel in any vehicle.
• 7.
  Advantage of CNG It is a light weight gas with high ignition temperature and is no more dangerous than petrol.  Ignition of Co and unburned Hydrocarbon is comparatively less in the exhaust.  Its combustion is more regular and it rapidly disappears in the atmosphere at NTP.
• 8.
  Disadvantage of CNG CNG storage tank take up five times higher trunk space for comparable energy storage.  Refueling station cost of CNG is very high.  CNG driven vehicles have shorter operating range.
• 9.
  Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG)  It is mainly a mixture of Propane and Butane used mainly as cooking gas in domestic oven as well as for industrial heating in furnace. LPG is prepared from wet natural gas and refinery gas. It is an highly volatile liquid which expands 247 times to its volume as vapour.
• 10.
  Water Gas  Itis the medium calorific value gas comprising mainly carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas. Water gas is made by passing steam over heated hydrocarbon.  Specific gravity of water gas is 0.5-0.55  Calorific value is 2500-2800 KCal/Nm3
• 11.
  Carbureted Water Gas Water gas that has been enriched by hydrocarbon gas es of high calorific value.  Calorific value is 10,000-13,000 KCal/Nm3
• 12.
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