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Global positioning system 1
- 1. PADMASRI DR. B.V.RAJU INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER EDUCATION Global Positioning System
- 2. INTRODUCTION • • • • • • Developed and maintained by the US Department of Defense (DOD) Constellation of 27 satellites(24 active + 3 spare) Orbit 12,600 miles above earth (10,900 nautical miles) Satellites in 12 hour orbit First satellite launched in 1978, 24th became operational in 1994 Selective availability was removed in May, 2000 Handheld receivers are now much more accurate Now available in many cars as an option Created and operated by the US Department of Defense
- 3. Three Parts Space segment Control segment User segment 3
- 4. Characteristics of GPS • Free • Precise Almost! • Reliable • All weather • Anytime & anywhere • Unlimited user capacity
- 5. Applications of GPS • • • • • • • • • • In-vehicle Navigation (car, boat, airplane) Asset Management Construction Geologic Research & Mining Military Navigation and Operations Mapping & Surveying Precision Agriculture Public Health Public Safety Wireless Communications
- 6. GPS IN-VEHICLE NAVIGATION & AGRICUTURE :
- 7. WORKING OF GPS • Measuring distance by measuring time – Satellites send coded signals indicating their position in space and the exact time the signals are being sent – Receivers use the time it takes signal to travel from satellite to receiver to determine distance from satellite to receiver – Information from multiple satellites is used to determine position through ‘triangulation’
- 8. BASIC CONCEPTS OF GPS • Receivers require clear line-of-sight; thus, they will not work indoors or where tall objects obscure the sky
- 10. Methods of data collection Three methods of positioning • Autonomous 10-20 meters • Differential 2-5 meters • Phase Differential centimeter 10-20 m 2-5m cm
- 11. WAAS • Wide Area Augmentation System. • It provides FREE GPS differential correction data for visible satellites • Developed & operated by the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) for flight navigation but it’s available free to GPS users • WAAS-enabled receivers can provide sub-meter level accuracy anywhere in most locations of the US and southern Canada.
- 12. Common use of GPS A. GIS data collection & mapping B. Navigation C. Recreation
- 13. GPS for Navigation • GPS in PDA • Are getting popular in car • Comes with voice guidance
- 14. ERROR SOURCES • • • • • Ionospheric and atmospheric delays Satellite and Receiver clock errors Dilution of precision Multipath Blenders
- 15. CONCLUSION GPS was originally designed for military use at any time, anywhere on the surface of the earth. The civilians may also use GPS to marine navigation, car navigation and surveying.