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Good morning

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  Good Morning “ Topic:- Ethical Dilemma
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  Concept • “Ethical Dilemmais a problem , situation or a opportunity that requires an individual , group or organization to choose among several wrong or unethical actions at work place. • Crux:- Ethical dilemma refers to issues that focus on value judgment concerning degree of right and wrong , Goodness and Badness.
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  Sources of EthicalDilemma • Pressure to balance Work and family • Heavy work Load • Poor Work Distribution • Little or no recognition • Company Politics  Corruption
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  Types of EthicalDilemma • (1)Bribery: It is an Manipulative method where a party buys the power or influence of other in order to satisfy his selfish need. • Problems:- It becomes an repository to give and take , malicious practice that earmarks an business fraudulent thereby hampers growth. • solution :- GE have well formed policies to deal with the issue . The policy “ No matter how high stakes , no matter how great the ‘stretch ‘, GE will never compromise on Integrity of business ethics .
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  Types of EthicalDilemma • Deception /con : -) The acts to propagate beliefs that are not true. Deception leads to feelings of betrayal and distrust between employees. • Black Money:- Black money refers to illegal earnings made by people, wheter they are businessmen or others, in violation of legal channels of earning income. Black money is a consequence of the system of controls , permits, quotas and licences. • The MNC’S allocate resources across the globe in an optimal manner rests on propositions that the world’s resources are best utilized through interplay of unfettered Market forces. • Some prime accusation of MNC’S are :- Supporting repressive regimes, Paying bribes to secure political influence Paying protection money to terrorist groups . Destablising national government of which they do not approve .
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  Types of EthicalDilemma • Environment Issues : Environmentalist criticize multinational companies for: • Depleting natural resources, • Polluting the environment • Not paying compensation • Causing harmful changes in local living conditions • Paying little regard to the risks of accidents and causing major environmental catastrophes. • Multinational companies are accused of using developing countries as their dumping grounds for economic benefit . • Critics also allege that large multinational tends to cause greater damage to environment than domestic businesses and that generally ensure only minimal environment standards required by host country
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  Ethical Dilemma inMNC’S • Technological Issues:- Most MNC’S do not develop technologies that are relevant to the needs of host nations . They find it cheaper to transfer an existing technology to a foreign country . • Plagiarism / Breach of copyright • Reverse Engineering • Dumping into economy • Brain Drain • Technology vulnerable system • Breech of Company trademarks and patents. • Placebo / panacea Advertisements;- • Organisations engaged in the functions of production are engaged at times in panacea whereby company raises tall claims with unevident results.
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  Guidelines for managingEthical Dilemma • Utility Approach:- This approach emphasizes on overall amount of goods that can be produced by an action or a decision. It judges actions plans by consequences . The primary objectives of this approach is to provide greatest goods for number of people. This type of results- oriented ethical issues . These costs and benefits issues profit maximisation , self - interest. The utility approach supports the ethical issues of profits maximisation, self –interest , rewards based on abilities and achievements, sacrifice and hard work and competition . • Example, some things, such as employee morale psychological satisfactions, and the worth of human life. • Another limitations, cost benefits analysis is widely used in business. If benefits(earnings ) exceed cost , the organisation makes profits
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  • Human RightsApproach :This approach to ethics holds that human Beings have certain moral entitlements that should be respected in all decisions.These entitlement guarantee an individual’s most fundamental personal rights (eg. life, Freedom , Health privacy and property.The human rights approach to ethical dilemma holds that individuals are to be treated as a valuable ends in themselves simply because they human beings . • Justice Approach:- Under this decisions are based on equitable , fair and impartial distribution of benefits (rewards) and costs among individuals and groups . Justice is essentially a condition characterized by an equitable distribution of benefits (rewards) and costs among individuals and groups . Justice is essentially a condition characterized by a equitable distribution of benefits and burden of working together , accordingly to some accepted rule . For society as a whole , social justice means that measuring benefits for demands