Governance In Singapore

Governance in Singapore Role of the people Functions of the government Four guiding principles Case Study – Traffic Management policy Case Study – Population policy

Governance in Singapore Role of the People in Singapore Feedback Unit Letters, dialogues Feedback Unit Relevant ministry Change of policy

Governance in Singapore Functions of the Government

Governance in Singapore Makes the laws of the country President, MPs Executes the laws thro’ ministries and civil service President, PM, cabinet ministers Ensures laws are justly carried out Judges, law courts

Governance in Singapore Leadership is key Honest, capable leaders Moral integrity Make sound decisions Good character Anticipate change and stay relevant Self-sufficiency in water supply (NEWater, desalinated water) IR (Integrated Resorts) to boost tourism Upgrade knowledge and skills Reward for work and work for reward Meritocracy through Edusave Scholarship, Merit Bursary Schemes Progress Package 2006 A stake for everyone, opportunities for all Consultative government Decisions are made for the needs of the nation

Governance in Singapore Traffic Policy in Singapore ALS (Area Licensing Scheme) ERP (Electronic Road Pricing) Park-and-Ride Scheme Vehicle Quota Scheme

Governance in Singapore Area licensing Scheme (ALS) – in the 1970s as a result of high traffic volume in citycentre Motorists pay to use the roads in the CBD Gantries, Restricted Zones set up Improve bus service Increase cost of parking Park-and-ride facilities Before – 32500 vehicles After – 7700 vehicles

Governance in Singapore Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) – 1998 to replace the ALS more effective and efficient Up-to-date technology

Governance in Singapore Park-and-Ride Scheme Motorists to park vehicles outside city area Encourage the use public transport Still in implementation today Not successful! Waste of parking space Expensive to park outside city area Waste of resources for shuttle bus service

Governance in Singapore Vehicle Quota System Control of car population by LTA (Land Transport Authority) COE (Certificate of Entitlement) system

Governance in Singapore 1950 – 1960 Post-war baby boom (1.02mil – 1.64mil)

Governance in Singapore Singapore Family Planning and Population Board, 1966 3 five-year plans Need for smaller families ‘ stop at two’ policy 2.1 children per woman Encourage use of contraceptives Legalize abortion No paid maternity leave for more than 3 children No income tax relief Increased in delivery charges for each additional child No priority in allocation of government flats

Governance in Singapore Problems of slow population growth Declining birth rate (1.82 children per woman) in the 1980s due to Success of policies Increase standard of living Women delaying marriage Weaker defence force Not enough men to defend Singapore Ageing population More resources will be used to support the aged Unattractive to MNCs Smaller consumer market

Governance in Singapore How did the government promote population growth after the 1980s? The Graduate Mother’s Scheme Three or More if You Can Afford It Pro-family Measures

Governance in Singapore How did the government promote population growth after the 1980s? The Graduate Mother’s Scheme, 1984 Graduates encouraged to get married Graduates encouraged to have more children ** Scheme withdrawn in 1985 **

Governance in Singapore How did the government promote population growth after the 1980s? Three or More If You Can Afford It, 1987 Use of Medisave for delivery charges of 1 st three children Publicity campaigns on the joys of parenthood Limited success – fertility rate of 1.24 (2004), 35100 births

Governance in Singapore How did the government promote population growth after the 1980s? New marriage and parenthood packages, 2004 (based on feedback) Equalized medical benefits Grandparent caregiver relief 5 day work week for Civil Service Extended maternity leave

Governance in Singapore How did the government promote population growth after the 1980s? Attracting Foreign Talent to take up PRship Relaxed immigration policy, 1989 Attractive housing, education packages for children of FTs

Governance in Singapore Preparing for an ageing population What happened? Post war baby boom Declining birth rates Longer life span

Governance in Singapore Preparing for an ageing population Impact of an ageing population Reduce in competitiveness Demand for more healthcare and social svcs Smaller security force Strain on working people

Governance in Singapore Preparing for an ageing population - meeting the challenges Challenge : 19% of Singaporeans = aged (>65 yrs old) Make them useful/ assets to the society Give them opportunities to add value to the public and private organizations, boost family life

Governance in Singapore Preparing for an ageing population - meeting the challenges ‘ Many Helping Hands’ Approach Sharing responsibility to take care of senior citizens Government rely less on increasing taxes Government can save resources to meet the nation’s other needs

Governance in Singapore Preparing for an ageing population - meeting the challenges Individual responsibility Age gracefully through early planning Healthy lifestyle by eating well and exercising regularly Financial planning by attending talks

Governance in Singapore Preparing for an ageing population - meeting the challenges Family Support Provides emotional, social and financial support Positive attitude towards elderly Celebrating Grandparents’ Day

Governance in Singapore Preparing for an ageing population - meeting the challenges Community Help Voluntary welfare organizations (Home Nursing Foundation for Elders) Use of housewives to help the needs of the senior citizens Free health checks Recreational activities

Governance in Singapore Preparing for an ageing population - meeting the challenges Government Support Tribunal for the maintenance of parents Tax relief CPF Public housing scheme

Governance In Singapore

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