Sentence Structures with IF usage : Grammar

STRUCTURE OF SENTENCE
The boy is my friend
Finite Verb (F.V)
Linking Verb ( L.V)
Will Be
Root
Complement / Object (Noun)
Subject
• Subject means কারো / কোন কিছুর পরিচয়
• Complement: A Sentence's Finishing Touch & it
is a word or phrase that completes the
meaning of a sentence.

Subject + Linking verb + Complement ( Noun)
 She is a teacher
 The book is a mystery
 He became a doctor
Subject + Linking verb + Complement ( Adjective)
 The cat is fluffy
 The sky is blue
 He feels happy
Subject + Linking verb + Complement ( Adverb)
 The cake tastes delicious (The adverb "delicious" describes the state of the
cake.)
 He seems happy. (The adverb "happy" describes the state of the person.)
 The weather feels cold. (The adverb "cold" describes the state of the
weather.)

Use of Be Verb as LINKING Verb

Subject + Have Verb + Noun
This sentence structure is commonly used to express possession, existence, or the state
of having something.
I have a new car. (Possession)
We have a meeting tomorrow. (Existence)
He has a cold. (State of having)

CONDITIONAL CLAUSES (IF CLAUSES)
Conditional clauses express relationships between conditions and their potential
outcomes. They are used to make predictions, give advice, express possibilities, and
talk about hypothetical situations.
TYPES OF CONDITIONAL CLAUSES:
1. Zero Conditional
2. First Conditional
3. Second Conditional
4. Third Conditional

1. Zero Conditional:
Formula: If + Present Simple, Present Simple
Use: To express general truths, habits, or scientific facts.
Examples:
• If you heat water, it boils.
• If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
• If you eat too much, you will gain weight.
2.First Conditional:
Formula: If + Present Simple, will + Verb (base form)
Use: To express future possibilities or probable outcomes based on present conditions.
Examples:
• If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
• If you finish your homework early, you can watch TV.
• If I win the lottery, I will travel around the world.

3.Second Conditional:
Formula: If + Past Simple, would + Verb (base form)
Use: To express hypothetical situations or unlikely possibilities in the present or future.
Examples:
• If I had a million dollars, I would buy a house in the mountains.
• If you studied harder, you would get better grades.
• If I were you, I wouldn't do that.
4.Third Conditional:
Formula: If + Past Perfect, would have + Past Participle
Use: To express hypothetical situations or impossible conditions in the past and their
potential consequences.
Examples:
• If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam.
• If I hadn't been late, I wouldn't have missed the train.
• If we had gone to the beach, we would have had fun.

Introducing a question: Is there anything I can do for you?
Expressing uncertainty: If I remember correctly, her name is Sarah.
Giving a warning or threat: If you don't stop making noise, I will call the police.
Offering a choice: If you don't like this dress, I can show you another one.
Remember:
•The tense in the IF clause and the main clause must match the type of conditional being
used.
•The modal verbs "can," "could," "may," and "might" can also be used in conditional
clauses, especially in the second and third conditionals.
•The expressions "even if" and "unless" can also be used to introduce conditional clauses.
OTHER USES OF IF

Sentence Structures with IF usage : Grammar

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