Health Belief Model

Health Belief Model

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  HEALTH BELIEF MODEL Deblina Roy M.SCNursing 1st year K.G.M.U. Institute of Nursing
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  Model • Model isa theoretical way of understanding concept or idea. •Health Beliefs: • These are person’s Ideas, convictions, attitudes about health and illness.
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  History of theHBM • Developed in the 50’s by the U.S. Public Health Service • Social psychologists were asked to explain why people do not participate in health behaviors (Rosenstock, 1960; 1966) • Developed based on operant and cognitive-behavioral theory
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  Premise of theHealth Belief Model • Individuals will take action to ward off, to screen for, or to control an ill health condition if: • 1) they regard themselves as susceptible to the condition • 2) they believe it to have potentially serious consequences • 3) they believe a course of action can reduce the susceptibility and seriousness • 4) they believe the costs of the action are outweighed by its benefits
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  Components of theHBM • Perceived Susceptibility • an individual’s perception of her or his risk of contracting a health condition • Perceived Severity • an individual’s perception of the seriousness of a health condition if left untreated • Note: the combination of these is the perceived threat of the health condition (emotive response is fear)
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  Components of theHBM • Perceived Benefits • the perceived effectiveness of taking action to improve a health condition • Perceived Barriers • the perceived impediments to taking action to improve a health condition
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  Components of theHBM •Cues to Action • Body or environmental events that trigger the HBM
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  Additional Components? • Self-Efficacy •confidence to continue the healthy behavior and overcome temptations
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  Where Do WeIntervene? • Educate about threat (vulnerability, susceptibility) • Fear appraisals • Educate about coping (response efficacy, self-efficacy) • Health education
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  Evaluating the HBM •APPLICABILITY TO PRACTICE (IS IT USEFUL?) • Coping efficacy is the most important component • Self-efficacy (and perceived barriers) is the most influential component for health behavior • Perceived severity is the weakest component • Health behaviors are long-term? • Perceived vulnerability often influences intentions but not behavior
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  Evaluating the HBM •COMPREHENSIVE (Does it explain behavior completely?) • No • What about other motives for behavior other than health? These motives appear untapped for explaining behavior.
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  Application Exercise • Pleasechoose a health behavior and population • Assume you are an specialist contracted to develop a persuasive communication (poster, news advertisement etc.) to improve the health behavior for the population • Create a message that includes severity, susceptibility, response efficacy, and self-efficacy for the target population
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  Questions?
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  Bibliography • Potter P.A,PerryA.F,Stokert P.A,Hall A.M.Fundamentals of nursing. 3rd Ed;Elsevier,Noida( India);2013.p03-05 • Klenpell RM. Advanced nursing practice ,3rd ed ;Sprigers Publishing Company, New York;2013.p13 • Polit DF, Beck CT. Nursing research:Principles and methods. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007 • Black JM, Hawks JH, Keene AM. Medical surgical nursing. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby; 2006.
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  Thank You