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History-and-Evolution-of-Globalization.pptx
- 1. History and Evolution GLOBALIZATIO N GazelleNicolette D. Baquirquir The Contemporary World - July 28, 2025
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- 3. What is Globalization? •Globalization is the process of increasing interconnectedness of the world through economics, politics, technology, and culture. • It involves the free movement of goods, services, ideas, people, and capital across borders. Key idea: The world is becoming more like a single community.
- 4. The History of Globalization– Early Periods
- 5. The History ofGlobalization – Early Periods • Prehistoric Times: Exchange of goods and ideas among early human groups. • Ancient Trade Routes: Silk Road and spice trade connected Asia, Europe, and Africa. • Empires: Roman, Chinese, and Islamic empires encouraged long-distance trade.
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- 7. THE MODERN ERA OF GLOBALIZATION •Age of Exploration (15th–17th century): European colonization spread goods, languages, and religions. • Industrial Revolution: New technologies (steam engine, railroads) accelerated trade and communication. • 20th Century: Two world wars and decolonization changed global power dynamics. • Post-WWII: Creation of the United Nations, IMF, World Bank. Global institutions shaped economic rules.
- 8. CONTEMPORARY GLOBALIZATION (1980S–PRESENT) • Growth ofthe internet and digital communication. • Expansion of global supply chains and outsourcing. • Liberalization of markets: More countries opened to foreign investment. • Rise of multinational corporations (MNCs) like Apple, Google, and Samsung.
- 9. • Technology: Fastcommunication and transportation systems. • Trade Liberalization: Fewer barriers like tariffs and quotas. • Migration: Movement of people for work and study. • Global Institutions: WTO, IMF, and UN promote cooperation. • Media and Culture: Global spread of music, movies, and fashion. KEY DRIVERS OF GLOBALIZATION
- 10. WHAT IS GDP? • GDP(Gross Domestic Product): Total market value of goods and services produced within a country in a specific time. • It measures a country's economic health and performance. • Often used to compare the economies of different countries.
- 11. COUNTRIES DOMINATING GLOBALIZATION • UnitedStates: • Leading in technology, entertainment, and finance. • Home to many powerful global companies (Amazon, Google). • China: • World’s manufacturing hub. • Major investor in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. • Others: Germany (engineering), Japan (tech), South Korea (pop culture), India (IT and service industry).
- 12. Impacts of Globalization •Positive Effects: 1. Access to global markets. 2. Cheaper goods and services. 3. Cultural exchange and global awareness. 4. Greater innovation and collaboration. • Negative Effects: 1. Job loss in some industries. 2. Widening gap between rich and poor. 3. Cultural homogenization. 4. Environmental damage due to mass production.
- 13. Criticisms of Globalization • Globalizationoften favors wealthy nations and multinational corporations. • Local businesses struggle to compete with large foreign firms. • Cultural identities may be lost. • Economic crises in one country can quickly affect others.
- 14. FUN FACTS ABOUT GLOBALIZATION •🌐 Over 5 billion people now use the internet—global communication has never been faster. • 🍟 McDonald’s is present in over 100 countries, but menus are localized (e.g., McSpaghetti in the Philippines!). • 🎵 K-pop and American pop dominate music charts worldwide. • 📦 One product (like a phone) can be designed in the U.S., made in China, with parts from Japan and Korea.
- 15. CONCLUSIO N • Globalization isa powerful force shaping our world today. • It offers opportunities but also brings challenges. • Understanding globalization helps us become more informed and active global citizens.
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