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How editing has changed over time
- 2. What is Editing? Editingis part of a post-production technique. Basically it’s using all the raw footage that has been filmed then putting it together, adding effects, dialogue, music. As you could imagine, this a very lengthy and complex process.
- 3. Early Editing. The Lumierebrothers are thought to be the first ever film makers and created the first ever real motion picture. Early films were short and static, usually one type of shot, the technology used wasn’t the best either the initial editing of all films was done with a positive copy of the film negative called a film work print, by physically cutting and pasting together pieces of film, this was a tedious job.
- 4. Development of Continuity Editing. Seamless editingthat was used was also known as invisible editing. This meant that the cuts between the shots were matched to the action, this technique was usually used by DW Griffiths, with the seamless editing it makes you watch something and not even realise that it’s been edited. Continuity editing focuses on creating a clear continuity for the final piece that you have created. The idea of this is to create a smooth flow between all of the clips so the narrative of the story will be obvious without any interruptions and will flow smoothly
- 5. Montage Editing. Soviet MontageEditing. The kuleshov experiment Sergei Eisenstein. Battleship Potemkin (1925) is a silent film directed by Eisentsein and produced by mostFilm. It presents a dramatized version of the mutiny that occurred in 1905 when the crew of The Russian Battleship Potemkin rebelled against their officers of the Tsarist regime. This film is considered one of the greatest movies of all time due to the montage editing used, it pioneered a whole new way of editing Montage editing is cutting up the footage and editing it into the screened sequence, montage editing uses close ups, dissolves and superimpositions, fades and jump cuts. It was introduced to cinema primarily by Sergei Eisentstein
- 6. Hollywood Montage Editing. Classical Hollywoodrealism uses continuity editing so it is a lot easier for the audience to watch. it uses continuity editing and it also respects time and space.
- 7. Development of Alternative Editing Methods. Frenchnew wave is is a blanket term coined by critics for a group of French film makers of the late 1950s and 1960s. The movies featured unprecedented methods of expression, such as long tracking shots (like the famous traffic jam sequence in Godard's 1967 film week end). Also, these movies featured existential themes, such as stressing the individual and the acceptance of the sbsurdity of human existence. Filled with irony and sarcasm, the films also tend to reference other films. Another new technique that was introduced was a jump cut, its a cut in film editing in which two sequential shots of the same subject are taken from camera positions that vary only slightly
- 8. Development of SoundEditing. One massive mile stone in the development of sound editing was The Jazz Singer a1927 American musical film. The first feature- length motion picture with synchronized dialogue sequences, its release heralded the commercial ascendance of the "talkies" and the decline of the silent era. Directed by Alan Crosland and produced by Warner Bros with its vitaphonedsound-on-disc system, the movie stars Al Johnson, who performs six songs. The film is based on The Day of Atonement, a play by Samson Raphnelson.
- 9. Film Editing Technology. TheMoviola is a device that allows a film editor to view film while editing. It was the first machine for motion picture editing when it was invented by Iwan Serrurier in 1924. Non Linear Video editing is a video or audio editing system that performs not destructive editing. Non- linear editing is the most natural approach when all assets are available as files on video servers or hard disks, rather than recordings on reels or tapes—while linear editing is tied to the need to sequentially view film or hear tape.
Editor's Notes
- #2 Marquee with 3-D perspective rotation (Intermediate) To reproduce the effects on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 3.12”. In the Shape Width box, enter 7.67”. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then click No Fill. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow next to Shape Outline, and then click No Outline. Right-click the rectangle, and then click Edit Text. Enter text in the text box, and then select the text. On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Franklin Gothic Medium from the Font list, enter 50 in the Font Size box, and then click Bold. On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click Center to center the text in the text box. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the WordArt Styles group, click the arrow next to Text Fill, point to Gradient, and then click More Gradients. In the Format Text Effects dialog box, click Text Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Text Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 90°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until three stops appear in the drop-down list. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 80, Green: 80, Blue: 80. Select the next stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 49%. Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 89, Green: 89, Blue: 89. Select the last stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 50%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). Also in the Format Text Effects dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, and then under Outer click Offset Center (second row, second option from the left). On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rounded Rectangle (second option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rounded rectangle. Select the rounded rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 3.12”. In the Shape Width box, enter 7.67”. Drag the yellow diamond adjustment handle at the top of the rounded rectangle to adjust the amount of rounding on the corners. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, point to Gradient, and then click More Gradients. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Right (first row, fourth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 0°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the last stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 25% (fourth row, first option from the left). Also in the Format Shape Effects dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane. In the Line Color pane, select No line. Select the rounded rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Select the duplicate rounded rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then click No Fill. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow next to Shape Outline, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow next to Shape Outline, point to Weight, and then click More Lines. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Style in the left pane, and then do the following in the Line Style pane: In the Width box enter 10 pt. Click the button next to Dash type, and then click Round Dot (second option from the top). In the Cap type list, select Round. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shape Effects, point to Glow, and then do the following: Under Glow Variations, click Accent color 1, 11 pt glow (third row, first option from the left). Point to More Glow Colors, and then click More Colors. In the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 255, Green: 233, Blue: 33. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 3.53”. In the Shape Width box, enter 8.05”. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Lines click Line (first option from the left). Press and hold SHIFT to constrain to a straight, horizontal line, and then drag to draw a horizontal line on the slide. Select the line. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, in the Shape Width box, enter 7.67”. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow next to Shape Outline, and then do the following: Under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1, Lighter 50% (second row, second option from the left). Point to Weight, and then click 1 1/2 pt. Select the line. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat the process for a total of eight straight lines. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the first rectangle that contains text. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Bring to Front. Also in the Selection and Visibility pane, press and hold CTRL and select all three rectangle objects. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Center. Click Align Middle. Drag each of the straight lines onto the gradient-filled rectangle, spacing them vertically as evenly as possible. In the Selection and Visibility pane, press and hold CTRL and select all eight straight connector objects (the lines). On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align Selected Objects. Click Distribute Vertically. Click Align Center. Press CTRL+A to select all of the objects on the slide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Group. Select the group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shape Effects, point to 3-D Rotation, and then under Perspective click Perspective Right (first row, third option from the left). Drag the group slightly to the right on the slide to position it in the center. To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following: Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left). Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stop or Remove gradient stop until four stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Dark Blue, Text 2 (first row, fourth option from the left). Select the next stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 15%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 5% (sixth row, second option from the left). Select the next stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 85%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 5% (sixth row, second option from the left). Select the last stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Dark Blue, Text 2 (first row, fourth option from the left).