Human right

Human right

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  Human Rights & National Commissionof Human Right Mahesh Jaiwantrao Patil M.A. (Political Science), M.Phil, NET, SET. Assistant Professor Narayanrao Chavan Law College, Nanded, Maharashtra, India Cell No.(+91) 09860816313.
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  Introduction  Human beingsare rational beings. They by virtue of their being human possess certain basic and inalienable rights which are commonly known as human rights. They become operative with the birth.  Human Rights are inherent in all the individuals irrespective of their caste, religion , sex and nationality.
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   These rightsare essential for all the individuals as they are consonant with their freedom and dignity and physical, moral ,social and spiritual welfare  They are essential as they provide suitable condition for the material and moral uplift of the people.  Every human being is entitled to some basic rights.
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  Meaning  Human Rightsare those rights which are essential forms to live as human beings. Without Human Rights, we can not fully develop ourselves and use our human qualities, our intelligence, our talent and our spirituality.  Human rights are as those minimum rights which every individuals must have against the State or other authority.
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  Types of HumanRights  Civil Rights 1. Right to life 2. Right to persona liberty. 3. Right to security. 4. Right to privacy. 5. Right to home 6. Right to own property. 7. Right to freedom from torture. 8. Right to freedom from inhuman treatment.
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  Political Rights 1. Rightto thought 2. Right to religion 3. Right to freedom of movement. 4. Right to participate in the Government. 5. Right to vote. 6. Right to be elected in election. 7. Right to take part in the conduct of public office. 8. Right to choose public representative. 9. Right to equal consideration before the law. 10. Right to peaceful assembly and association. 11.
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   Economic, social& cultural Rights 1. Right to adequate food , clothing & housing. 2. right to adequate standard of living. 3. Right to freedom from hunger. 4. Right to work. 5. Right to social security. 6. Right to physical and mental health 7. Right to education. 8. Right to self determination or physical protection. 9. Right to free from discrimination 10. Right to free from slavery. 11. Right to rest.
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  National Human Right Commission It has 8 members.  It is headed by Chairperson who has been the former CJI of Supreme Court, appointed by President of India on the recommendations of a six members of Committee headed by PM.  Other members who have been retired or sitting judges of Supreme Court.  Two prominent persons having knowledge or practical experience in human right.  Chairpersons of National Commission for Minorities, SCs, STs and Women.
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  Powers and Functions To inquire on a petition presented to it by a Victim.  To intervene in any proceeding involving any allegation of Violation of human rights pending before a Court with the approval of Supreme Court.  To visit any jail or any other institution under the Control of State Government.  To review the safeguards in force for the protection of Human Right.  To study the treaties and other international instruments on human Rights and make recommendations for its effective
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   To Undertakeand promote research in the field of Human Rights.  To spread human right literacy among people.  To promote awareness of the safeguards available for the protection of human rights.  To encourage the efforts of non-governmental organizations and institutions working in the field of human rights.  To submit annual report to the Central Government.