ICT in teacher education, fundamentals of computer
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This document discusses fundamentals of computers and internet technologies for teacher education. It defines personal computers and standard computer accessories like the CPU, memory, and input/output devices. It also describes operating systems, standard office software suites, and media applications for education. Functions of email, chats, newsgroups, forums, and synchronous/asynchronous communication are explained. Computer security concerns like viruses, worms, and protection techniques are outlined. The document concludes with discussing myths and realities of integrating information and communication technologies in education.
ICT in teacher education, fundamentals of computer
- 1. ICT inTeacher Education PresentationTopic: Fundamentals of Computer and Internet
- 2. What is
- 3. Introduction: • Personal computer (PC), a digital computer designed for use by only one person at a time. • The term was very popular in the 1980s when individuals began to purchase their own computers for the first time in history. "Microcomputer" was another widely used term. • Today, the terms PC, desktop, laptop and just plain "computer" are synonymous with personal computer.
- 4. Standard computer accessories • A typical personal computer assemblage consists of a central processing unit (CPU), which contains the computer’s arithmetic, logic, and control circuitry on an integrated circuit • Two types of computer memory, main memory, such as digital random-access memory (RAM), and auxiliary memory, such as magnetic hard disks and special optical compact discs, or read-only memory (ROM) discs (CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs); • various input/output devices, including a display screen, keyboard and mouse, modem, and printer.
- 7. Operating system An operating system is a program that acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware and controls the execution of all kinds of programs. • Following are some of important functions of an operating System are: Memory Management Processor Management Device Management File Management Security Control over system performance Job accounting Error detecting aids Coordination between other software and users
- 9. Standard • Standard office is a set of interrelated desktop applications, servers and services, collectively referred to as an office suite.The suite of programs is compatible with both the Windows and Mac operating system. • Microsoft Office, also known as MS Office, is a popular software suite featuring many desktop publishing programs. • Computer users have the option of several different Microsoft Office suites intended for students, home users, small businesses and corporations.What you choose depends on your own circumstances.
- 10. Functions of
- 11. Operations of It is a database program that helps in storage of data as records and manipulates them It helps in calculations, making charts and analysis of data It helps in setting the E-mail, calendars and address books It is a program that helps to make attractive presentations It is a program that helps to make your own web pages It helps to create documents, format and edit
- 12. Media Applications • Media applications are computer programs that use a variety of media such as video, sound, still images and animated graphics for pre- recorded or live communications, especially mass communication. • Some multimedia applications can even create some or all of the media elements used in creating multimedia presentations. • Media applications include presentation software like Microsoft Presentation, animation software such as Motion Studio 3D or packages with multiple presentation possibilities like Adobe GoLive.
- 13. Operations of Media Application
- 14. Functions of Media application • Media applications have substantially influenced education. They give teachers an excellent chance to demonstrate and visualize the subject matter more clearly and comprehensibly, also enabling them to prepare study material for students which optimizes their study habits. • The pedagogical strength of multimedia is that it uses the natural information processing abilities that we already possess as humans. Our eyes and ears, in conjunction with our brain, form a formidable system for transforming meaningless sense data into information.
- 15. Video clipping
- 16. Internet – Service and Function • The Internet is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic devices. With the Internet, it's possible to access almost any information, communicate with anyone else in the world, and do much more. • One of the best features of the Internet is the ability to communicate almost instantly with anyone in the world. • Social media allows people to connect in a variety of ways and build communities online.
- 17. • The World Wide Web ,usually called the Web is system of Internet servers that support specially formatted documents. Its is a collection of different websites you can access through the Internet. • The documents are formatted in a markup language called HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) that supports links to other documents, as well as graphics, audio, and video files. • The Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the method used to transfer Web pages to your computer. With hypertext, a word or phrase can contain a link to another Web site. All Web pages are written in the hyper-text markup language (HTML), which works in conjunction with HTTP.
- 18. Functions and services of • The WWW works by establishing hypertext/hypermedia links between documents anywhere on the network. • A document might include many links to other documents held on many different servers. • Selecting any one of those links will take you to the related document wherever it is. e.g. the references at the end of a paper might have hypertext links to the actual documents held elsewhere.
- 19. Connecting and using theWeb
- 20. • Search engines are programs that search documents for specified keywords and returns a list of the documents where the keywords were found. • A search engine is general class of programs, that enable users to search for documents on theWorldWideWeb. • Typically, Web search engines work by sending out a spider to fetch as many documents as possible. • Another program, called an indexer, then reads these documents and creates an index based on the words contained in each document. • Each search engine uses a proprietary algorithm to create its indices such that, ideally, only meaningful results are returned for each query.
- 21. Using the Search Engines
- 22. Web Utilities
- 24. Using web utilities: Search strategies
- 26. Synchronous Communication • Real- time communication between two people. • communications between two or more individuals that takes place simultaneously • Examples include face-to-face or phone communication. • The sender and receiver are using the communication device at the same time.
- 29. E-mails • Electronic mail, commonly called email or e-mail, is a method of exchanging digital messages from an author to one or more recipients. Use of Emails • Information Interchange • Brain Storming and Problem Solving • Record Keeping • GroupWork • Staying inTouch Professionally • Staying inTouch Socially • Transmitting Documents
- 31. Example of Email
- 32. Chats • A real-time conversation, between two or more people or between a representative of a business and a customer, over the Internet or other network.
- 33. Chat is a process of communicating, interacting and/or exchanging messages over the Internet.
- 34. Newsgroup A newsgroup is a repository usually within the UseNet system, for messages posted from many users in different locations. Types of newsgroups • Binary newsgroups • Text newsgroups • Moderated newsgroups
- 36. Forum A meeting or a medium where ideas and views on a particular issues can be exchanged.
- 37. Security concerns • Confidentiality risks : threats to an organization’s intellectual property.They come from unauthorized users and from malicious code • Integrity risks: threats to your business resources. Integrity risks jeopardize any business asset • Availability risks: threats to business processes. attempt to disrupt the Business intelligence processes, application features and capabilities, and document workflow.
- 38. Security Concerns Related to Interactive Content 1. Computer Security THREATS a. Computer Security Concepts b. Threats, Attacks and Assets c. Intruders d. Malicious Software Overview e. Viruses, Worms and Bots f. Rootkits 2. Computer Security TECHNIQUES a. Authentication b. Access Control c. Intrusion Detection d. Malware Defense e. Dealing with Buffer Overflow Attacks
- 39. THREE KEY OBJECTIVES that are at the of computer security: 1. Data Confidentiality 2.Data Integrity 3. Availability
- 41. Viruses A computer virus is a piece of software that can “infect other programs by modifying them. Nature ofViruses A virus can do anything that other programs do. • It attaches itself to another program and executes secretly when the host program is running.
- 42. Virus Classification • Encrypted virus –A portion of the virus creates a random encryption key and encrypts the remainder of the virus. • Stealth virus – a form of virus explicity designed to hide itself from by antivirus software. • Polymorphic virus – a virus that mutates with every infection, making detection by the “signature” of the virus impossible. • Metamorphic virus – a virus mutates with every infection. The difference is that it rewrites completely at each iteration, increasing the difficulty of detection.
- 43. Worms • It is a program that can replicate itself and send copies from computer to computer across network connections.
- 44. How to secure your computer 1. Something the individual knows: Examples: password, personal identification number (PIN), or answers to a prearranged set of questions. 2. Something the individual possesses: Examples: electronic keycards, smart cards, and physical keys.
- 45. 3. Something the individual is (static biometrics): Examples: recognition by fingerprint, retina, and face. 4. Something the individual does (dynamic biometrics): Examples: recognition by voice pattern, handwriting characteristics, and typing rhythm.
- 47. Dilemmas Myths •Belief •Doubt •Wait •Monolithic •Automatic •Computers •Substitute •Vendors •Parents •Business •Techies Realities Analyze Educational objectives Determine Objective for ICT Understand Potential of ICTs Examine suitability of ICTs Plan program of investment Implement prerequisites and corequisites Evaluate and adjust continuously Decision Maker
- 48. Maintaining backups of data Backup – A duplicate copy of a file, program, folder or disk used if the original is damaged, corrupt or lost. How to back up? • Mac andWindows: Crashplan • Server backups:TSM Suggestions for backups • Encrypt backups that contain sensitive data. • Keep extra backups off-site in a secure location (in case of property damage). • Verify your backups to make sure files are retrievable. • Sanitize or destroy your backups (e.g., tapes, CDs) before discarding them.
- 49. DIGITAL STORYTELLING • Process: Write a script >> Create a storyboard >> Produce all media files >> Record narration >> Assemble the pieces >> Add music >> Publish
- 50. DIGITAL STORY SCRIPT • Update your script based on my feedback before you start your storyboard! I will grade your updated script along with your storyboards! So no need to re-submit the scripts! • Make sure your script is an appropriate length (2 to 2 ½ min.). • See the iRubric for more detail on what is expected.
- 51. HOW TO SUBMIT MY STORYBOARD • Talk with your instructor about how to submit your StoryBoard • Paper version: • Complete your paper-based storyboard. • Make sure that you print enough pages of the template for your digital story. • Staple them together! • Leave them in my folder in the TTL (ED 2010) • Electronic version: • Complete your storyboard. • Scan or make into a PDF • Upload them to Oncourse >> Assignments >> Digital Storyboard
- 58. ICTAND INCLUSION
- 59. • Inclusive education means that all students in a school, regardless of their strengths or weaknesses in any area, become part of the school community. They are included in the feeling of belonging among other students, teachers, and support staff. What is Inclusion?
- 60. Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities • Cost effective technologies • Augmentation of human resource oriented technologies • User friendly and durable aids & appliances • All the information available at a common place Options
- 61. ICT for disabled individuals • Low-tech or high-tech tools and strategies that match a person’s needs, abilities, and tasks • Selection of appropriate technology as per individual case
- 62. • Assistive devices • Content Delivery Systems • Content generation & archiving • Education Braille. Pictorial communication. Large Print. Personalized environment • Rehabilitation/Inclusion Physiotherapy, Beauty care, Call centre/office jobs, Bank, Court etc. • Communication Voice commands, Descriptors, Large Print ICT – AT INDIVIDUAL LEVEL
- 63. Some Gadgets available: Visual Impairment • Braille shorthand machine • Distance vision telescopes • Hand held magnifiers • KNFB portable reader for blind people • Talking dictionary • Smart Cane Speech Impairment • Delayed Auditory Feedback (DAF) Hearing Impairment • Advanced Digital SpeechAudiometer • Hearing Aid • Wireless FM Assistive Listening System ICT – AT INDIVIDUAL LEVEL
- 64. Some of Gadgets available (contd..) Locomotor Impairment • Battery Powered Joystick Operated Wheelchair • AluminumCrutches • Ankle Brace for ankle support • Prosthetic limbs • Cervical Immobilizer • Child model tricycle • Folding sticks and folding walkers Mental Retardation • Basic SkillWooden Puzzles • We can (daily living activities) • Calendar of seasons • Punnarjani Cerebral Palsy • Sanyog • Gupshup • Switches
- 65. Touch screen Adapted keyboard Ball mouse Specific software (Super-Nova for poor-sighted or blind people.) Adapted Tools
- 66. Examples of some AT to help PWDs in education includes – • Braille Duplicators and Writers • Group Hearing Aid for classrooms • Alternative & Augmentative Communication software/devices • Multi-Sensory systems • Tactile mathematical devices FOR INCLUSION
- 67. • Tactile geography devices • Tactile science devices • Screen readers & magnifiers • Assessment & evaluation tool • Models AT FOR INCLUSION CONTD..
- 68. • Multimedia Content • Content Development Software • Word Bank & Prediction Systems • Text-to-Speech Engines & Speech Recognition • Special Access Switches & Mechanism • Sign Language & Braille Learning Software etc. AT FOR INCLUSION CONTD..
- 70. Some of the claimed benefits of ICT for Education are: • Easy-to-access Course Material • Motivation • Wide Participation • Improved student writing • Subjects made easier to learn • More amenable structure to measure and improve outcomes. BENEFITS OF ICT
- 71. Bibliography Books 1. ICT:Changing Education Book - January 2001 by Chris Abbott. 2. Research on E-Learning and ICT in Education - 7th August 2014 by Charalampos Karagiannidis, Ilias Karasavvidis, Panagiotis Politis. 3. ICT in Education in Global Context - EmergingTrends Report - 30th July 2014 by Springer. 4. Application of ICT in Education,Arulsamy – 2009 by Dr. S. Arulsamy. 5. Technology, Innovation, and Educational Change:A Global Perspective : A Report of the Second InformationTechnology in Education Study, Module 2 – 2003 by Robert B. Kozma 6. ICT Mediated Education -2013 by Kamal Deep Singh and Daljeet Kaur
- 72. Open Educational resources • http://www.ictinedtoolkit.org/usere/library/tech_for_ed_book.pdf • http://pages.uoregon.edu/moursund/Books/ICT/ICTBook.pdf • http://iite.unesco.org/pics/publications/en/files/3214644.pdf • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ONGtUTGc9sE • https://www.lifewire.com/chat-with-somebody-in-aim-mail-1170908 • http://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/49133/personal-computer • https://www.britannica.com/technology/personal-computer • https://www.tutorialspoint.com/operating_system/os_overview.htm
- 73. Open Educational resources • http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/W/World_Wide_Web.htm l • https://techterms.com/definition/www • www.vub.ac.be/BIBLIO/nieuwenhuysen/courses/chapters/ww w.pd • https://www.techwalla.com/articles/advantages-of- microsoft-office • http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221083271 400012X • http://www.gcflearnfree.org/internetbasics/what-is-the- internet/1/
- 74. Glossary 1. HTTP: HyperTextTransfer Protocol is an application protocol for distributed, collaborative, and hypermedia information systems. 2. Binary:A number system using base 2 instead of the usual (human) base 10, which is normally referred to as the decimal system. Computers use base 2 because they can only recognize two values, 1 or 0. 3. Blog: A blog is essentially a website that contains discrete pieces of information posted by different users 4. IPS: Intrusion prevention system used for security of computer system. 5. VLAN: Virtual local area network is any broadcast domain that is partitioned and isolated in a computer network at the data link layer.
- 75. Question Bank 1. Briefly explain the standard computer accessories? 2. Differentiate between Internet and world wide web? 3. What is the function of storyboard, emails and interactive content? 4. How does exposure to and use of ICTs in school affect teaching learning environment? 5. Critically reflect how teachers educators can use ICT for differently abled children?
- 76. Assignment 1. As a teacher educator , Prepare a plan of action on how to harvest the power of ICT to meet the challenges of the 21st century and make education relevant, responsive, and effective for anyone, anywhere, anytime.