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Ideology & representation in media
This document discusses different theories about how media represents and influences society: - Functionalism says media informs, correlates information, provides continuity of culture and entertainment. Conflict theory says media representation is shaped by ideology and bias. - Representation in media results from selection of possibilities and is ideological. Stereotypes in media content can reinforce power relations. - Media can manipulate representation through techniques like mise-en-scene, editing, and framing. Content analysis is needed to understand media influence. - Hegemony theory says the ruling class controls media to shape public opinion. Pluralism says media reflects diverse audiences rather than pushing ideology. Stereotypes arise from pleasing audience expectations.
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Ideology & representation in media
- 1. Nader Taghizadeh COMM-522 The relation between two terms
- 3. 1. Informing 2. Correlation (explains and helps us to understand the meaning of the information) 3. Continuity: expressing the dominant culture, recognizing new social development and forging common values. 4. Entertaining 5. Mobilization (in war time, campaigns) - This is Functionalist theory (Denis McQuail-2000)
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- 5. Conflict theory says somethingdifferent Ideology and bias in media: the study of media is closely related to the impact of ideology in society.
- 6. Ideology refersto the influence of ideas on people‟s beliefs and actions. (Anthony Giddens) Ideology
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- 8. Selection Mediation Organizing (News/documentary In visual media Vs. Fiction) Mise-en-scne Focusing Mediation ends up with audience
- 9. OXFORD definition:To represent something is to describe or depict it, to call it up in the mind by description or portrayal.....; to place a likeness of it before us in our mind.
- 10. But tosimplify it: Representations are a result of a selection from different possibilities. So both those representing and the representations are Ideological.
- 11. Stereotypes: values, attitudes, behavior, background of certain group. Content analysis & ideological approach Power relations in society: this can lead to stereotyping. The matter of belonging to a social group
- 12. media ownerscan manipulate content and “reproduce the relations of dominant class”(refers to Marx‟s view on ideology).
- 13. How media canmanipulate representation of social relations? -mise-en-scene -Editing -Framing (camera angels in film and TV, sounds in radio and music, texts in newspapers and magazines). -The notion of “otherness” or “others” is an issue that media touches sometimes. -Film industry, TV, Radio, newspapers, Magazines -Conflicts/tensions
- 14. Content analysis: in order understand how media can shape, create or change the public opinion How to we need to analyze the content of the media. analyze media? Compare the TV images and real life.
- 16. The hegemonic model says that the ruling classes maintain their power through control of ideas and culture rather than force. In hegemony, the ruling classes govern by consensus: they control the way the media represents the world so as to influence the way people think about the world, and the ruling classes. This can become a running battle between rivals. E.g. Cyprus society
- 17. Pluralism says that the media is diverse, with a wide range of available choices for consumers rather than the media influencing consensus, consensus values influence media representations.
- 18. If particular representations are dominant, because they are popular among the audience, not because powerful media institutions are „pushing‟ a particular ideology.
- 19. Media triesto please audiences, to provide representations that meet audience expectations & This is where stereotypes come in…
- 23. References: Class notes- Dr.Nayia Rossou -Joseph.R.Dominik – Mass communications -2009 -Steve Baker-Representation -2007