Importance of angiosperm
- 3. • As a good source of nutrients • As a source of income •Medicinal plants
- 4. As a good source of nutrients
- 5. As a source of income
- 8. Poison Any substance which, when taken into the system, acts injuriously, in a manner neither thermal nor mechanical, tending to cause death or serious detriment to health.
- 9. In General • More than 700 plants toxic to animals • Economic losses • Chemicals in plants are natural defense
- 10. Can you tell by looking at a plant if it is poisonous? NO
- 11. Suspect Plant Families • Philodendron family (Araceae) • Cactus family (Cactaceae) • Tomato family (Solanaceae) • Spurge family (Euphorbiaceae)
- 12. Levels of Poisoning • Chronic - Over a period of time. Can refer to prolonged or repeated exposure to toxins or to the progression of clinical signs. • Acute - A rapid, severe onset of signs.
- 13. Classes of Poisons • Poisons acting on the brain • Poisons acting on the spinal cord • Poisons acting on the heart • Vegetable irritants
- 14. Houseplants
- 15. Amaryllis • Houseplant • Bulbs and seeds are toxic
- 16. Caladiums & Dieffenbachia • Houseplant • All parts • Humans and pets
- 17. Easter Lily • Houseplant or ornamental • All parts •Humans, cats, livestock
- 18. Oleander • Ornamental shrub • Extremely toxic • Livestock, pets and humans • Gastroenteritis, diarrhea, abdominal pain, sweating and weakness
- 20. Azalea, Rhododendron • Shrub • Entire plant • Livestock, pets and humans
- 21. Castor bean • Ornamental herb • Various parts of the plant – particularly in the seed • All livestock, pets and humans • 6 seeds can kill a horse • 1-2 seeds can kill a child
- 22. Poison Ivy • a climbing vine of the cashew family that has three-part leaves and white berries.
- 23. Foxglove • Biennial plant • All parts – most toxic just before the seeds ripen • Cats, cattle, dogs, goats, horses, humans
- 24. Lantana • Annual flower, warm climates spreading shrub • All parts are quite toxic • Cattle, sheep, horses and humans • Gastric, vomiting, diarrhea, circulatory collapse
- 25. Lily of the Valley • Perennial flower • All parts are extremely toxic • Humans, cats, dogs, goats
- 26. Red Maple • Ornamental tree • Leaves, especially when fallen, damaged, or wilted • Horses only • Breathing difficulties, jaundice, dark brown urine, death
- 27. Black Walnut • Natural and ornamental tree • Moderately toxic, depending upon length of exposure • Horses, dogs, possibly other animals • Laminitis, breathing problems, gastroenteritis
- 28. Yew • Ornamental Shrub • All parts extremely toxic, death is likely • All animals-livestock, pets, humans and birds • Sudden death is the typical sign. Occasionally: breathing problems, trembling, weakness, heart problems, stomach upset.
- 29. Plants in Nature
- 30. Black Locust • Shrub or tree • Roots, bark, sprouts, seed pods and/or trimmings • Horses, cattle, sheep, poultry and humans • Weakness, posterior paralysis, depression and loss of appetite
- 31. Jetropha Curcas
- 33. Hemp Dogbane • Native perennial • All parts- particularly tender shoots. Can be in hay • Horses, cattle, humans, sheep, cats, dogs, goats • Heart stimulant, increased temperature and pulse, pupils dilated. Can result in death.
- 34. Horsenettle • Perennial, thorny herb • Berries most toxic, leaves to a lesser degree • Mostly cattle, humans, rodents • Sometimes sheep, horses, goats • Irritation of the mouth, gastrointestinal lesions, unthriftiness, jaundiced mucous membranes, abdominal dropsy and constipation
- 35. Jimsonweed • Annual • All parts, green or dried are poisonous – especially seeds • Cattle, swine:primary Horses, poultry, goats, dogs and humans: possible • Cattle – .5 to 1# • Weak, rapid pulse and heartbeat
- 36. Poison Hemlock • Biennial Herb • All parts are toxic, but the seeds are the worst • Livestock, poultry and humans • Gastrointestinal irritation, nervousness, trembling, staggering, coldness of the extremities, slow heartbeat and eventually coma and death
- 37. Pokeweed • Perennial herb • Young leaves often used as cooked green • Cattle, horses, swine and man • Severe gastroenteritis w/ cramping, diarrhea and convulsions • Can be fatal • Treat with gastrointestinal protectives and sedatives
- 38. Myths & Potentially Poisonous Plants
- 39. Poinsettia • No part of these holiday beauties is toxic to either people or pets • Tastes extremely bitter and could cause stomach upset
- 40. Nitrate Toxicity