Importance of Research Ethics and its implications.pptx

Importance of Research Ethics and its implications.pptx

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  ETHICS
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  Introduction Meaning: Nature: Scope: Definition Moral philosophy Research Ethicsand General Ethics. Nature of moral judgements and reactions
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  Introduction Ethics is thephilosophical study of morality. It is one of the main branch of philosophy which corresponds to the traditional division of philosophy into formal, natural and moral philosophy. It can be turned into a general study of goodness, right action, applied ethics, meta-ethics, moral psychology and metaphysics of moral responsibility. The general study of goodness and right action is the main task of ethics.
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  Meaning The word Ethicsis derived from the Greek word ‘ethos’ which means character or conduct. Ethics is also called as moral philosophy or philosophical thinking about morality. This morality has been further elaborated as action and behaviour which is concerned with ‘good’ or ‘evil’, of particular traditions, groups or individual.
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  Ethics is thatscience which is concerned with moral behaviour or with right or wrong and good or evil of human behaviour. It propounds those principles which make our conduct moral. It becomes clear when we explain the derivation of the words right and good. The word right is derived from Latin word ‘rectus’, which literally means ‘straight’ or ‘according to rule’. It means that we are concerned with those principles which make our conduct right or straight.
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  The word goodwhich is derived from the German word ‘gut’. Gut means everything useful or serviceable for some end or purpose.
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  Nature of Ethics Ethicsrefer to guide what human ought to do, usually in terms of right, obligations, fairness and specific virtue. It is related to issues of propriety –rightness and wrongness, what is right in ethical, what is wrong in unethical. Sometimes the word ‘proper’ , ‘fair’ and ‘just’ are also used in the place of right and ethical.
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  The brief analysisabout the nature of ethics clearly shows that it is concerned with human life and that it judges human behaviour from normative point of view. That is why various definitions of ethics have been formulated by various thinkers. Mackenzie points out that ethics is a general study of ideal involved in human life. Dewey says that the subject matter of ethics is to point out what is right and good in conduct. G. E. Moore considers supreme good as subject-matter of ethics.
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  Paulsen depicts Ethicsas a study of customs or ethics. By Seth, as the study of the Good, Ethics is the science second to none of the ideal and the 'should'. Jadunath Sinha quotes that morals is the study of the Highest Good.
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  Scope of ethics TheScope of Ethics is wide which is mainly concerned with the principles or causes of action as :- What obligation is common to all ?--- What is good in all good acts? The sense of duty and responsibility. Individual and Society. Each individual must have a personal code of morality. This is what we call the principles of life. Such a code should be self-imposed. Ethics can helps us in framing this code. Secondly there are certain duties and responsibilities towards society. Ethics can make us
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  The goal ofethics is to provide systematic explanation of the subject matter. It systematically seeks to explain right and wrong in human conduct within the context of ideas. It classifies our actions either voluntary or involuntary into the moral and the immoral and evaluates them. Ethics is the study of customs and habits. These are the habits that make up a person’s character. A person’s character is his or her inner disposition, while their conduct is the
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  Research morals maybe alluded to as doing what is ethically and legitimately right in research. They are as a matter of fact standards for lead that recognize good and bad, and satisfactory and unsuitable way of behaving. Research is a multi-stage process. Morals are fundamental to the examination interaction. Scientists need to deal with different moral issues at various levels of this cycle. In straightforward terms, we can say morals are analyst's liability.
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  Research-Participant Ethics andGeneral Ethics. Ethical Issues in India: Indian scientists ought to give most extreme significance to the social variety and legalism of the country. They should work inside a system reasonable for every one of the traditions, customs, dialects, belief, colours, classes, districts and so forth. They should work for the advancements of the multitude of societies, religions and so on, not the alternate way round.
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  Moral Philosophy In India,moral philosophy is actually the art of living a decent and disciplined life. In the history of civilization, Indian ethics is the earliest moral theory. The point of Indian moral way of thinking isn't just to talk about moral beliefs yet in addition to follow the way prompting the ethical Ideals. Spiritual discipline is required to achieve the aims. Indian way of thinking holds, "Love thy neighbour as thyself and each living being is thy neighbour". Moral way of thinking in India is genuinely talking the specialty of carrying on with a decent and trained life. Indian perspective on moral way of thinking is not quite the same as that of Western Philosophy. In Western way of thinking morals is a scholarly enquiry though in Indian view, it the
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  The idea ofDHARMA is the special idea of Indian way of thinking. Moral philosophy is the study of what is right and wrong in human conservation and society. Moral Judgment: In moral consciousness, moral judgement is the most important cognitive element. It entails using reason to infer a moral standard and comparing a deliberate action to it. It also entails determining whether or not voluntary activity is right or wrong. Moral feelings are influenced by emotional circumstances, and moral judgments are influenced by moral sentiments, not the other way around.
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  The ethical judgmentis one that thinks about the ethical worth or nature of an action. A worth judgment evaluates the rightness or error of our exercises. When we examine a moral judgement, we discover that it has the following elements: a) a subject who will judge, b) an object whose action will be judged, c) a standard against which the subject's movement will be judged, and d) the ability to judge the action as required. The moral nature of voluntary habitual activities is judged through moral judgement.