Inclusive growth

Inclusive growth

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  SUBMITTED BY: PADMAJA CHAKRAVARTY SAGUPTAAMBARIN MASTERS IN URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY BHUBANESWAR
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  WHAT IS INCLUSIVEGROWTH? • Inclusive Growth is a concept that advances equitable opportunities for economic participants during economic growth with benefits incurred by every section of society. The AfDB defines Inclusive Growth as economic growth that results in a wider accessto sustainable socio-eonomic opportunities for a broader number of people, regions or countries, while protecting the vulnerable, all being done in an environment of fairness, equal justice and political plurality.
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  Inclusive growth analysistakes into account parameters such as: • Age • Gender • Regional or Geographical gaps and Balances • Sectoral differences or balances ELEMENTS OF INCLUSIVE GROWTH Poverty Reduction and Increase in quantity and quality of employment Reduction in Regional Disparities Social Sector Development Agricultural Development Protecting the Environment
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  WHAT IS INCLUSIVEGROWTH ABOUT? Growth is inclusive or pro-poor only if The incomes of poor people grow faster than those of the population as a whole, i.e; inequality declines As long as poor people also benefit in absolute terms, as reflected in some agreed poverty measure Inclusive growth should be considered to be ‘inclusive’ or pro-poor
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  STRATEGIES FOR INCLUSIVEGROWTH • Two strategies are used for inclusive growth: Social Inclusion Financial Inclusion Initiatives of the Govt. to provide access to marginalized sections to basic education and health facilities, better sanitation, better roads and other infrastructural facilities. • No-frills account • Relaxing KYC norms • General purpose Credit Card(GCC) schemes • Business Facilitator(BF) and Business Correspondent(BC) models • Nationwide Electronic Financial Inclusion System(NEFIS) • Project Financial Literacy • Financial Inclusion Fund
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  GOVERMENTAL EFFORTS • VARIOUSPROGRAMMES BY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA • MNREGA • INDIRAAWAS YOJNA • PRADHAN MANTRI GRAM SADAK YOJNA • NRHM • ICDS • MID DAY MEAL • SARVA SHIKSHAABHIYAN • JNNURM • ACCELERATED IRRIGATION BENEFIT PROGRAM • RAJIV GANDHI GRAMIN VIDYUTIKARAN YOJANA • RAJIV GANDHI DRINKING WATER MISSION • RASHTRIYA KRISHI VIKAS YOJANA
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  AGENDAS FOR INCLUSIVEGROWTH:- Employment assurance scheme Basis amenities Programs for backward regions Housing Agendas for inclusive growth
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  AGENDAS FOR INCLUSIVEGROWTH:- • EIGHTH FIVE YEAR PLAN (1992-97) AND NINTH FIVE YEAR PLAN (1997-2002) followed a three pronged strategy for inclusive growth: 1. Investment in sectors that generated employment opportunities for people , 2. investment in health & education to build human capital, 3. provision of basic infrastructure facilities such as drinking water, sanitation, housing, roads etc. • THE TENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN (2002-07), internalized MDGs and for the first time set monitorable targets: 1. 5 % reduction in poverty by 2007, 15 % by 2012 . 2. All children in school by 2003, all children to complete 5years of schooling by 2007. 3. Reduction of IMR to 45 per thousand live births by 2007 and to 28 by 2012. 4. Reduction in MMR to 2 per thousand live births by 2007 and to 1 by 2012. 5. All villages to have sustained access to potable drinking water.
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  AGENDAS FOR INCLUSIVEGROWTH:- THE ELEVENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN (2007-12) WAS DEDICATED TO INCLUSIVE GROWTH. 1. The theme of the eleventh plan was faster and inclusive growth. 2. The eleventh plan also set ambitious monitorable targets which relate to MDGs. 3. The approach paper to the Twelfth Five Year Plan talks of “faster, sustainable and more inclusive growth”. 1. The plan allocation in the eleventh plan for social sectors was considerably stepped-up. sectoral allocation in tenth and eleventh plans:- • Education • Rural Development, Land resources & Panchayati Raj • Health, FW & AYUSH • Agriculture and Irrigation • Social Justice • Physical Infrastructure* • Scientific Departments • Energy
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  SCHEMES FOR INCLUSIVEGROWTH:- 1. MAJOR PLAN SCHEMES: ICDS:- • India faces a serious nutritional challenge. • Progress on nutrition related targets slow and off the track. • Meeting nutritional challenge on the development agenda. • Prime Minister’s national council on nutrition set up in 2011. • Major revamp of ICDS program COMPONENTS OF ICDS Supplemen tary Nutrition Immuni- zation Health Check-up Health and Nutrition Education Referral Services Pre- School Education
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  SCHEMES FOR INCLUSIVEGROWTH:- 2. STATUS OF MDGS IN INDIA:- • Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases • Ensure Environmental Sustainability • Develop a Global Partnership for Development 3. MAJOR PLAN SCHEMES: EDUCATION:- • India on track to achieve MDGs relating to educational attainments. • Primary education for children up to age 14 a fundamental right. • Net Enrollment rate at primary level for girls and boys above 98%. • Right to education Act passed in 2009. • Providing education a social responsibility. Even private schools have to reserve 25% seats for students from poorer sections. • A change in discourse on education: from access to quality of education.
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  SCHEMES FOR INCLUSIVEGROWTH:- 4. MAJOR PLAN SCHEMES: HEALTH . • National Rural Health Mission launched in April, 2005. NRHM based on Indian Public Health standards. • Strengthening of Sub-centers, primary health centers and community health centers for primary and secondary health care. • 18 states with higher disease burden given higher allocations under NRHM • Special programmes to encourage institutional delivery, pre natal & post natal care.
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  SCHEMES FOR INCLUSIVEGROWTH:- 5. MAJOR PLAN SCHEMES: MNREGA • Right to work a legal right under National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005. • Job cards issued to 12.03 crore workers. • 48% of the MNREGA beneficiaries are women.. • Real wages in agriculture have gone up by 18% to 45% in different states. • The scheme has raised agricultural wages but has not contributed to increase in agricultural productivity. • Preponderance of earth-work related projects. • No possibility of skill up gradation. • Corruption in program implementation. • Twelfth Five Year Plan to launch MNREGA Phase-II with emphasis on infrastructure, skill upgradation coupled with better monitoring.
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  SCHEMES FOR INCLUSIVEGROWTH:- 6…NATIONAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT MISSION • Mission launched to provide training to workforce so that they could get gainfully employed. • Mission to train 500 million youth in different vocations by 2022 • Training to be provided across vocations covering industry, services and agriculture. • Public and Private sector participation (PPP). • National Skill Development Corporation set up as a non profit company with 51% private equity and 49% govt. equity. 7. AREA DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES • Backward region grant fund. • Border area development programme. • Special package for Bihar, Odisha. • 10% of the plan budget for North-Eastern states. • Special dispensation for Indian-Himalayan region states 8. PROGRAMMES FOR WEAKER SECTIONS • Special component plan for schedule castes and schedule tribes. • Schemes for backwards classes and minorities. • Specific schemes for persons with special needs • Gender budgeting
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  GOVERNANCE REFORMS 1:- •Better implementation of programmes and improving accountability. • Reform of governance and making government more responsive to people’s needs. • Legislative action for setting standards for public service delivery. • Reform of police administration. • Strengthening Panchayati Raj institutions and urban local bodies. • Use of Information Technology for better governance • Unique Identification Authority of India would provide a unique identity number “AADHAAR” to each resident of the country. • Pilot projects have been undertaken to provide direct cash transfers to beneficiaries of scholarship schemes, old age pension, delivery of LPG cylinders. • Integration of AADHAAR in PDS, MNREGA and other beneficiary oriented programmes. • On complete roll out it is expected that poor people would be able to access government programmes and there would be considerable savings by elimination of corruption
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  THANK YOU