IINNCCRREEDDIIBBLLEE 
IINNDDIIAA 
BY 
ASHWINI 
AWATARE
RREEppuuBBLLIICC ooff IINNDDIIAA 
A federal republic with a parliamentary 
system of government 
capital: New Delhi
AA NNAATTIIooNN ooff DDIIvvEERRSSIITTYY:: LLAANNgguuAAggEESS 
Constitution lists 14 official “principal 
languages” 
English 
Hindi (30%)
AA NNAATTIIooNN ooff DDIIvvEERRSSIITTYY:: 
RREELLIIggIIooNNSS 
Religions: 
◦ Hindu (~81%) 
◦ Muslim (~12%) 
◦ others (e.g. Buddhist 0.7%) 
all major religions in the world are 
present 
one of the major causes of conflict 
religion can become a political vehicle for 
social movement
119900 YYEEAARRSS ooff BBRRIITTIISSHH CCooLLooNNIIAALL 
RRuuLLEE 
Informal colonial rule through the British 
East India Company (1750s-1850s) 
formal colonial rule after the Mutiny 
rebellion of 1857
SSTTRRuuggggLLEE ffooRR IINNDDEEppEENNDDEENNCCEE 
Indian National Congress was formed in 
1885 
non-violent resistance to colonial rule 
Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948) 
transformed INC 
unity within diversity 
non-cooperation movement 
Nehru (1889-1964)
PPRROOBBLLEEMMSS TTHHAATT IINNDDIIAA 
FFAACCIINNGG
CCHHIILLDD LLAABBOOuuRR
The change starts within each oonnee ooff uuss,, aanndd eennddss oonnllyy 
wwhheenn aallll cchhiillddrreenn aarree ffrreeee ttoo bbee cchhiillddrreenn..”” –– CCrraaiigg 
KKiieellbbuurrggeerr 
Families with normal lives 
and a steady income have 
parents who go to work 
and children who go to 
school and have time to 
play. 
This is not the case for the 
218 million child labourers 
who daily find themselves 
working long hours under 
harsh, dangerous and 
exploitative conditions.
WWHHyy IISS TTHHIISS AA HHuuMMAANN RRIIGGHHTTSS 
IISSSSuuEE?? 
Children who work are subsequently 
subject to abuse, both physical and 
sexual, from their employers 
They often work under conditions that 
are both unhealthy and potentially fatal. 
This scenario cannot continue.
Most people agree that when we speak about child 
labour, we mean labour which is intolerable or harmful 
to children, or which denies them their right to fully 
develop, to play or to go to school. 
Child labour includes: 
• Work performed by children under the age of 15 
• Long hours of work on a regular or full-time basis 
• Abusive treatment by the employer 
• No access, or poor access, to education
99% % are in iinndduussttrryy,, iinncclluuddiinngg mmiinniinngg aanndd 
qquuaarrrryyiinngg,, mmaannuuffaaccttuurriinngg aanndd ccoonnssttrruuccttiioonn
FFEEMMAALLEE IINNFFAANNTTIICCIIDDEE
FFeemmaallee IInnffaannttiicciiddee
Infanticide has been practiced on every continent and by 
people on every level of cultural complexity, from hunters 
and gatherers to high civilization, including our own 
ancestors. Rather than being an exception, then, it has 
been the rule.
twobbybluz_17w5d_2.jpg670 x 500 | 32.3kB www.borgmanfamily.com 
With ultrasound, amniocentesis, and chorionic villus sampling, 
fetal sex determination is available, as is selective abortion, to 
those who can afford it. Studies indicate that thousands of 
female fetuses are aborted each year, in India, following 
prenatal sex determination
They are fed salt to increase their blood pressure. 
Female infants are starved and dehydrated to death 
by their parents, or are wrapped in wet towels so 
that they will contract pneumonia
Conclusion 
Female infanticide is a horrible manifestation of the 
anti-female bias that continues to pollute societies 
throughout the world. The education of both men 
and women, social strategies to improve the status 
of women, and access to family counseling and 
healthcare may provide means of eliminating 
female infanticide, as well as elevating the value 
assigned to women around the globe.
RRAAPPEE
LLEEggAALL ddEEffiinniittiioonn ooff RRAAPPEE 
Sexual penetration without the individual’s 
consent, obtained by force or threat of physical 
harm, or when a victim is incapable of giving 
consent 
Related, broader term: sexual assault 
◦ Sexual touching and other unwanted forms of sexual 
contact 
◦ Accompanied by psychological pressure or physical 
threat
HHooww ooffttEEnn ddooEEss RRAAPPEE ooccccuuRR?? 
Most rapes go unreported, so accurate 
estimates are difficult 
Probably between 15% and 30% of U.S. and 
Canadian women will be raped in their 
lifetime 
An estimated 16% of rapes will be reported to the 
police 
Of these, only 15% to 30% end in the conviction of 
the rapist, and only half of those spend more than 1 
year in jail
RRaappee MMyytthhss
ttHHAAnnkk 
YYoouu

Incredible india

  • 1.
  • 2.
    RREEppuuBBLLIICC ooff IINNDDIIAA A federal republic with a parliamentary system of government capital: New Delhi
  • 3.
    AA NNAATTIIooNN ooffDDIIvvEERRSSIITTYY:: LLAANNgguuAAggEESS Constitution lists 14 official “principal languages” English Hindi (30%)
  • 4.
    AA NNAATTIIooNN ooffDDIIvvEERRSSIITTYY:: RREELLIIggIIooNNSS Religions: ◦ Hindu (~81%) ◦ Muslim (~12%) ◦ others (e.g. Buddhist 0.7%) all major religions in the world are present one of the major causes of conflict religion can become a political vehicle for social movement
  • 5.
    119900 YYEEAARRSS ooffBBRRIITTIISSHH CCooLLooNNIIAALL RRuuLLEE Informal colonial rule through the British East India Company (1750s-1850s) formal colonial rule after the Mutiny rebellion of 1857
  • 6.
    SSTTRRuuggggLLEE ffooRR IINNDDEEppEENNDDEENNCCEE Indian National Congress was formed in 1885 non-violent resistance to colonial rule Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948) transformed INC unity within diversity non-cooperation movement Nehru (1889-1964)
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
    The change startswithin each oonnee ooff uuss,, aanndd eennddss oonnllyy wwhheenn aallll cchhiillddrreenn aarree ffrreeee ttoo bbee cchhiillddrreenn..”” –– CCrraaiigg KKiieellbbuurrggeerr Families with normal lives and a steady income have parents who go to work and children who go to school and have time to play. This is not the case for the 218 million child labourers who daily find themselves working long hours under harsh, dangerous and exploitative conditions.
  • 10.
    WWHHyy IISS TTHHIISSAA HHuuMMAANN RRIIGGHHTTSS IISSSSuuEE?? Children who work are subsequently subject to abuse, both physical and sexual, from their employers They often work under conditions that are both unhealthy and potentially fatal. This scenario cannot continue.
  • 11.
    Most people agreethat when we speak about child labour, we mean labour which is intolerable or harmful to children, or which denies them their right to fully develop, to play or to go to school. Child labour includes: • Work performed by children under the age of 15 • Long hours of work on a regular or full-time basis • Abusive treatment by the employer • No access, or poor access, to education
  • 12.
    99% % arein iinndduussttrryy,, iinncclluuddiinngg mmiinniinngg aanndd qquuaarrrryyiinngg,, mmaannuuffaaccttuurriinngg aanndd ccoonnssttrruuccttiioonn
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
    Infanticide has beenpracticed on every continent and by people on every level of cultural complexity, from hunters and gatherers to high civilization, including our own ancestors. Rather than being an exception, then, it has been the rule.
  • 16.
    twobbybluz_17w5d_2.jpg670 x 500| 32.3kB www.borgmanfamily.com With ultrasound, amniocentesis, and chorionic villus sampling, fetal sex determination is available, as is selective abortion, to those who can afford it. Studies indicate that thousands of female fetuses are aborted each year, in India, following prenatal sex determination
  • 17.
    They are fedsalt to increase their blood pressure. Female infants are starved and dehydrated to death by their parents, or are wrapped in wet towels so that they will contract pneumonia
  • 18.
    Conclusion Female infanticideis a horrible manifestation of the anti-female bias that continues to pollute societies throughout the world. The education of both men and women, social strategies to improve the status of women, and access to family counseling and healthcare may provide means of eliminating female infanticide, as well as elevating the value assigned to women around the globe.
  • 19.
  • 20.
    LLEEggAALL ddEEffiinniittiioonn ooffRRAAPPEE Sexual penetration without the individual’s consent, obtained by force or threat of physical harm, or when a victim is incapable of giving consent Related, broader term: sexual assault ◦ Sexual touching and other unwanted forms of sexual contact ◦ Accompanied by psychological pressure or physical threat
  • 21.
    HHooww ooffttEEnn ddooEEssRRAAPPEE ooccccuuRR?? Most rapes go unreported, so accurate estimates are difficult Probably between 15% and 30% of U.S. and Canadian women will be raped in their lifetime An estimated 16% of rapes will be reported to the police Of these, only 15% to 30% end in the conviction of the rapist, and only half of those spend more than 1 year in jail
  • 22.
  • 23.