Independent and Dependent Clause

Independent and Dependent Clause

• 1.
  Definition: a group ofwords that contains a subject and a verb Clause …not Santa
• 2.
  A. Independent (IC) and B.Dependent (Subordinate) (DC) II. There are two kinds of clauses:
• 3.
  A clause thatexpresses a complete thought and can stand alone. AKA A SENTENCE A. Independent
• 4.
  *he memorized apoem last night *Mary will read her poem *many people enjoy poetry Examples of Independent Clauses:
• 5.
  When an independentclause (IC) starts with a capital letter and ends with a period or question mark, it is a SENTENCE. *He memorized a poem. *Mary will read her poem at school. *Many people enjoy poetry.
• 6.
  It does notexpress a complete thought and It cannot stand by itself as a sentence Dependent (or subordinate ) clause (DC)
• 7.
  *because he memorizeda poem *when Mary reads her poem at school *since many people enjoy poetry Examples of Dependent (Subordinate Clauses)
• 8.
  A dependent/subordinate clause(DC) will be a FRAGMENT when the clause begins with a capital letter and ends with a period or question mark. This is a grammatical ERROR!.
• 9.
  ...because he memorizeda poem… He memorized a poem. What makes one clause independent and another dependent?
• 10.
  …when Mary readher poem at school... Mary read her poem at school.
• 11.
  • A clauseis dependent/subordinate (DC) when it begins with a subordinate word. …a few examples… Who When While Which That Since Because Unless etc. etc. etc. • Sometimes the subordinate word is understood to be present. What makes a clause dependent/subordinate?
• 12.
  Examples: April, which ismy favorite month, is going to be cold this year. Subject of DC is “which.” Verb of DC is “is.” The flower that grew in my yard was a rose. Subject of DC is “that.” Verb of DC is “grew.” Sometimes the subject of the dependent/subordinate clause (DC) is a pronoun.
• 13.
  A dependent/subordinate clause(DC) needs an independent clause (IC) to create a true sentence.
• 14.
  Because he memorizeda poem, Mike will receive extra credit. Mike will receive extra credit because he memorized a poem.
• 15.
  We will applaudwhen Mary reads her poem at school. When Mary reads her poem at school, we will applaud.
• 16.
  When the rainstops, the game will begin. Punctuation: When the dependent clause (DC) comes first, it is usually followed by a comma.
• 17.
  The game willbegin when the rain stops. Punctuation: When the dependent clause (DC) comes last, there is generally no comma.
• 18.
  Relative Pronouns: (Relative adverbs are: when / where ) that which who whom whose Subordinating Conjunctions: after as though since when although because so that whenever as before than where as if how though wherever as long as if unless whether as soon as in order that until while Words that introduce Noun Clauses: how that what whatever when whether which who whoever whom whomever why