The document discusses Industry 4.0, also known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution. It involves the increased automation and data exchange in manufacturing through technologies like cyber-physical systems, the internet of things, cloud computing, and cognitive computing. Industry 4.0 aims to create smart factories where cyber-physical systems can monitor processes, create virtual copies, and make decentralized decisions in real-time. It originated from a German government initiative to further computerize manufacturing. The document also discusses how Industry 4.0 could impact jobs and discusses India's preparations for Industry 4.0 through initiatives like developing its first smart factory.