Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0

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  Presented by: AyushAgrawal
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  what? Definition: The fourthindustrial revolution is commonly called ‘Industry 4.0’. Industry 4.0 is the cyber-physical transformation of manufacturing Name is inspired by Germany’s ‘Industrie 4.0’ , a government initiative to promote connected manufacturing and a digital convergence between industry, business and other processes The goal is transformation of industrial manufacturing through digitalization and exploitation of potential of new technologies to make production system flexible and enables individualized and customized products.
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  Together these technologies are harnessedin smart factories where cyber- physical systems monitor the physical processes of the factory to make agile, decentralized decisions. HOW?
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  Industrial Internet ofthings The industrial internet of things refers to interconnected sensors, instruments and other devices networked together with computers industrial applications, including manufacturing and energy management. This connectivity allows for data collection, exchange and analysis.
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  Cyber-Physical system: CPSintegrates the dynamics of the physical process with those of software and communication, providing abstractions and modelling, design, and analysis techniques. Cloud computing: With cloud computing IT services and resources can be uploaded to and retrieved from the internet. Five of the most important technologies that enable IIoT are:
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  Edge computing: Adistributed computer paradigm which brings computer data storage closer to the location where it is needed. Big Data Analytics: It is the process of examining large and varied data sets. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: AI is a field in computer science in which intelligent machines are created that work and react like humans. ML, is a core part of AI, allowing software to more accurately predict the outcomes without being exclusively programmed.
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  Autonomous Robots Robots arebecoming more autonomous, flexible and cooperative. Eventually they will interact with one another and work safely side by side with humans and learn from them. These robots will cost less and have a greater range of capabilities than those used in manufacturing today. The use of robots will include various functions like - production, logistics, and office management. Use of Autonomous robots will open up new avenues in industry.
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  Simulation Simulations will leveragereal-time data to mirror the physical world in a virtual model, which can include machines, products and humans. This allow operators to test and optimize the machine settings for the next product in line in the virtual world before the physical changeover. Thereby driving down machine setup times and increasing quality. Furthermore as the complexity in technology increases, skilled workers required in industry can be trained by using simulation.
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  Digital Twins A digitaltwin is a digital replica of a living or non-living physical entity. Digital twins integrate IoT, artificial intelligence , machine learning and software analytics with spatial network graphs to create living digital simulation models that update and change as their physical counterparts change. This learning systems learns from itself , using sensor data that conveys various aspects of its operating condition from systems and environment of which it may be a part.
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  Horizontal and Verticalsystem Integration In Industry 4.0, the horizontal and vertical system integration among companies, departments, functions, and capabilities will become much more cohesive, as cross- company, universal data-integration networks evolve and enable truly automated value chains. The Industrial Internet of Things will also enrich more devices with embedded computing and will be interconnected using standard technologies. This allows field devices to communicate and interact both with one another and with a more centralized controller, as necessary. It also decentralizes analytics and decision making, enabling real-time responses.
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  The Cloud As theperformance of technologies improves, machine data and functionality will increasingly be deployed to the cloud. Enabling more data-driven services for production system. More production-related undertakings in Industry 4.0 will require increased data sharing across sites and company boundaries.
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  Additive Manufacturing These methods willbe used to produce small batches of customized products that offer construction advantages, such as complex, lightweight designs. High-performance, decentralized additive manufacturing systems will reduce transport distances and stock on hand. It will bring digital flexibility and efficiency to manufacturing operations.
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  Big data andAnalytics It enables the collection and comprehensive evaluation of data from many different sources and customer to support real-time decision making, optimizes production quality, saves energy, and improves equipment service. Augmented Reality Augmented-reality-based systems can support a variety of services, such as selecting parts in a warehouse and sending repair instructions over mobile devices.
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  Cybersecurity With the increasedconnectivity and use of standard communications protocols that come with Industry 4.0, the need to protect critical industrial systems and manufacturing lines from cybersecurity threats increases dramatically. As a result, secure, reliable communications as well as sophisticated identity and access management of machines and users are essential.
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  CONCLUSION
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  Why?
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  Industries are sufferingfrom low growth and productivity, instead of population growth. This has lead to low income in high working population. Companies have already exploited out ways to decrease the cost of production by Just-in-time production strategy and moving to cheap labor countries. Goods travel around the globe to make keep their prices low but it takes a stock on environment. Industry 4.0 is the way forward in making customized goods at same cost without moving it all over the globe. This can eventually lead to much needed higher growth and productivity to increase the standard of living of customers and workers with customized products and healthy work environment.
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  Industry 4.0 willbring back creativity back into manufacturing sector. Better products can be manufactured in effective ways utilising lesser material and energy and better services could be provided by the companies. With the help of automated robots jobs which seems to be impossible presently can be done in the future and hence a new products / processes can be exploited in the future.