International patient safety goals
The document outlines the International Patient Safety Goals (IPSG) which are aimed at reducing common causes of medical errors and improving patient safety. It discusses the goals of correctly identifying patients, improving communication effectiveness, improving safety of high-alert medications, ensuring correct surgery procedures, reducing healthcare-associated infections, and reducing risks of patient harm from falls. For each goal, it provides more details on the specific processes and standards involved in achieving that goal.
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International patient safety goals
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- 2. Medical errors anddeaths: Is the problem getting worse? • It was bad enough when the Institute of Medicine figure that 98,000 deaths per year in the US are caused by medical errors, but now in the Journal of Patient Safety, adverse medical events result in 210,000 to 440,000 deaths per year and 10 to 20 times those numbers of serious harms.
- 3. INTERNATIONAL PATIENT SAFETY GOALS IDENTIFY PATIENT CORRECTLY IMPROVE EFFECTIVE- NESSOF COMMUNIC- ATION IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF HIGH- ALERT MEDICATI- ONS ENSURE CORRECT- SITE, CORRECT- PROCEDURE, CORRECT- PATIENT SURGERY REDUCE RISK OF HEALTH CARE- ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS REDUCE RISK OF PATIENT HARM FROM FALLS
- 4. INTERNATIONAL PATIENT SAFETY GOALS IDENTIFY PATIENT CORRECTLY IMPROVE EFFECTIVE- NESSOF COMMUNIC- ATION IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF HIGH- ALERT MEDICATI- ONS ENSURE CORRECT- SITE, CORRECT- PROCEDURE, CORRECT- PATIENT SURGERY REDUCE RISK OF HEALTH CARE- ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS REDUCE RISK OF PATIENT HARM FROM FALLS
- 5. IPSG1 PROCESS FOR IMPROVINGACCURATE PATIENT IDENTIFICATION • At least two (2) ways are used to identify patients before they: • Receive medications • Blood and blood products • Blood or other specimens are obtained • Diagnostic imaging • Receive treatment or procedure • The patient’s room or bed number can’t be used as an identifier
- 6. INTERNATIONAL PATIENT SAFETY GOALS IDENTIFY PATIENT CORRECTLY IMPROVE EFFECTIVE- NESSOF COMMUNIC- ATION IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF HIGH- ALERT MEDICATI- ONS ENSURE CORRECT- SITE, CORRECT- PROCEDURE, CORRECT- PATIENT SURGERY REDUCE RISK OF HEALTH CARE- ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS REDUCE RISK OF PATIENT HARM FROM FALLS
- 7. IPSG2 IMPROVE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMMUNICATION •Three standards: • IPSG2: Verbal & telephone communication • IPSG2.1: Reporting results of critical diagnostic tests • IPSG2.2: Handover communications
- 8. IPSG2 PROCESS FOR IMPROVINGEFFECTIVENESS OF VERBAL & TELEPHONE COMMUNICATION • The most error-prone communications • Patient care orders given verbally and those given over the phone • Report back the critical test results • Confirmation is given by the clinician issuing the order (or reporting the critical test results) after entire verbal or telephone order is documented and read back by the receiver.
- 9. IPSG2.1 REPORTING RESULTS OFCRITICAL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS • The hospital has determined: • What are considered critical values for all diagnostic tests • Who is authorized to report and receive the critical results • What is required as documentation in the medical record
- 10. IPSG2.2 HANDOVER COMMUNICATIONS • Standardizedhandovers: • Process included methods, forms and tools • Communications for critical information • Handovers communication data is maintained and used to improve quality
- 11. INTERNATIONAL PATIENT SAFETY GOALS IDENTIFY PATIENT CORRECTLY IMPROVE EFFECTIVE- NESSOF COMMUNIC- ATION IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF HIGH- ALERT MEDICATI- ONS ENSURE CORRECT- SITE, CORRECT- PROCEDURE, CORRECT- PATIENT SURGERY REDUCE RISK OF HEALTH CARE- ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS REDUCE RISK OF PATIENT HARM FROM FALLS
- 12. IPSG3 IMPROVE THE SAFETYOF HIGH-ALERT MEDICATIONS • IPSG3: High-alert medications • IPSG3.1: Concentrated electrolytes • High-alert medications are involved in a high percentage of medication related errors and/or sentinel events • Medications that carry an increased risk of adverse events are frequently “Look-alike” or “Sound-alike” • Identification, location, labeling and storage of high-alert medications is the same in all hospital areas. • ISMP list https://www.ismp.org/tools/highalertmedicationLists.asp
- 13. IPSG3.1 IMPROVE THE SAFETYOF CONCENTRATED ELECTROLYTES • Remove concentrated electrolytes from patient care units and store in the pharmacy e.g., • Potassium phosphate=/>3 mmol/ml • Magnesium sulphate=/>50% or more concentrated • Concentrated electrolytes aren’t stored on patient care units except where permitted by policy ( areas where clinically imperative) • If any concentrated electrolytes aren’t stored on patient care units unless they are clearly labeled and stored in a way that supports safety
- 14. INTERNATIONAL PATIENT SAFETY GOALS IDENTIFY PATIENT CORRECTLY IMPROVE EFFECTIVE- NESSOF COMMUNIC- ATION IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF HIGH- ALERT MEDICATI- ONS ENSURE CORRECT- SITE, CORRECT- PROCEDURE, CORRECT- PATIENT SURGERY REDUCE RISK OF HEALTH CARE- ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS REDUCE RISK OF PATIENT HARM FROM FALLS
- 15. IPSG4 ENSURE CORRECT-SITE, CORRECT- PROCEDURE,CORRECT-PATIENT SURGERY • IPSG4: Process for correct-site, correct-procedure, correct- patient surgery • IPSG4.1: Process for time-out • Marking the surgical site: • Instantly identifiable mark • The same process throughout the organization • Made by the individual performing the procedure • When possible patient should be involved in the marking process • Visible after the patient is prepped and draped • Marked in all cases involving laterality, multiple structures (fingers, toes, lesions) or multiple levels (spine)
- 16. IPSG4 ENSURE CORRECT-SITE, CORRECT- PROCEDURE,CORRECT-PATIENT SURGERY • There is a checklist or similar process to complete a preoperative verification of: • Correct site, procedure, and patient • Correctly completed informed consent, relevant documents, imaging and other studies are available, properly labeled and displayed • Any required special equipment and/or implants are working correctly
- 17. IPSG4.1 PROCESS FOR TIME-OUT •“ Time-out” immediately before starting • Involves the entire team • Active communication • Correct site, procedure, and patient is identified • Confirm completion of verification process • Resolve any confusion, answer any questions • Patient participation not necessary • Documented according to policy • Consistent process applicable to all procedures in all areas
- 18. INTERNATIONAL PATIENT SAFETY GOALS IDENTIFY PATIENT CORRECTLY IMPROVE EFFECTIVE- NESSOF COMMUNIC- ATION IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF HIGH- ALERT MEDICATI- ONS ENSURE CORRECT- SITE, CORRECT- PROCEDURE, CORRECT- PATIENT SURGERY REDUCE RISK OF HEALTH CARE- ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS REDUCE RISK OF PATIENT HARM FROM FALLS
- 19. IPSG5 REDUCE RISK OFHEALTH CARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS • In an effort to reduce HAI’s, the organization utilizes up-to-date evidence based published hand hygiene guidelines • World Health Organization (WHO) • Center For Disease Control And Prevention ( CDC) • The guidelines of hand hygiene and disinfection are completely implemented in all hospital areas
- 20. WHEN TO WASHYOUR HANDS WITH SOAP AND WATER • Your hands are visibly soiled (dirty) • Hands are visibly contaminated with blood or body fluids • Before eating • After using the rest room Wet hands first with water (avoid HOT water) Apply 3 to 5 ml of soap to hands Rub hands together for at least 15 seconds Cover all surfaces of the hands and fingers Rinse hands with water and dry thoroughly Use paper towel to turn off water faucet
- 21. WHEN TO WASHYOUR HANDS WITH AN ALCOHOL BASED HAND RUB • If hands aren’t visibly soiled or contaminated with blood of body fluids, use an alcohol-based hand rub for routinely cleaning your hands Apply 1.5 to 3 ml of alcohol gel to hands, and rub them together Cover all surfaces of the hands and fingers including areas around/under fingernails Continue rubbing hands together until alcohol dries It should take at least 10-15 seconds of rubbing before your hands feel dry
- 22. INTERNATIONAL PATIENT SAFETY GOALS IDENTIFY PATIENT CORRECTLY IMPROVE EFFECTIVE- NESSOF COMMUNIC- ATION IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF HIGH- ALERT MEDICATI- ONS ENSURE CORRECT- SITE, CORRECT- PROCEDURE, CORRECT- PATIENT SURGERY REDUCE RISK OF HEALTH CARE- ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS REDUCE RISK OF PATIENT HARM FROM FALLS
- 23. IPSG6 REDUCE RISK OFPATIENT HARM FROM FALLS • There’s a risk reduction process to prevent or decrease patient falls • Written criteria for types of patient populations (including outpatients) • Initial and outgoing assessment for all fall risks as indicated • There’re implemented measures to reduce fall risk for: • Patient assessed to be at risk • Risky situations • Risky locations