Internet and Web Technology (CLASS-3) [HTML & CSS]
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This document provides an overview of HTML, CSS, and related web technologies. It discusses the history and components of HTML, including important tags for text formatting, links, images, lists, tables, and forms. It also summarizes key aspects of CSS like the different types (internal, external, inline), syntax, and selectors. Example code is provided to illustrate concepts like applying styles to HTML elements. The document concludes with sample questions to test knowledge of HTML and CSS topics covered.
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Html
Htmlbaabtra.com - No. 1 supplier of quality freshers HTML is used to design web pages and is not a programming language. It uses tags like <h1> and <p> to structure and style text content. Common tags are used to create headings, paragraphs, lists, links, and tables. Forms allow users to enter interactive content through elements like text boxes and buttons. Overall, HTML provides the building blocks for displaying structured documents on the web.
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- 1. Ayes Chinmay Internet & Web Technology (HTML and CSS)
- 2. IWT Syllabus: Module 1: Web: Internet, Word Wide Web(WWW), History of the Internet, History of the Web, Protocols Governing the Web, Types of Websites, Web Applications, Web Projects, Web architecture, HTML, URI, HTTP, Issues in Web Development, Webserver, web browser, Internet standards, TCP/IP Protocol suite, MIME, Cyber Laws. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol(HTTP): Understand the need for HTTP, URL and it Anatomy, HTTP message format, Persistent and Non-persistent Connections, Web Caching, Proxy Web Page Designing HTML: Introduction to HTML, Mark up Language, HTML Tags, HTML Document Structure, HTML Comments, head, title, base, link, style, meta, script, Heading tags, paragraph, anchor, image, video, line breaks, text formatting, lists, frames, forms. Cascaded Style Sheet Inline Styles, Internal Style Sheet, External Style Sheet, Selectors, Colors, Backgrounds, Background Image, Background Attachment, Background Shorthand, Borders, Margins, Padding, Fonts, Links, Icons, Lists, Tables, Display, Position, Overflow, Float, inline- block, Horizontal & Vertical Align, Combinators, Pseudo-classes, Pseudo-elements, Opacity / Transparency, Navigation Bar, Dropdowns, Image Gallery, Attribute Selectors, Forms, Counters, Website Layout, Units, Specificity, Text Effects, Animations, Tooltip, Multiple Columns.
- 3. HTML: HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. HTML was released in 1993 (27 years ago). HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages. HTML consists of a series of elements, which inform the browser how to display the content . The latest version of HTML 5 was published in 2012. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) defines the specifications of HTML.. HTML 5.2 was released on 27 May 2019 (13 months ago).
- 5. HTML Table: <table> element to define a table <tr> element to define a table row <td> element to define a table data <th> element to define a table heading <caption> element to define a table caption border property to define a border border-collapse property to collapse cell borders text-align property to align cell text border-spacing property to set the spacing between cells Use the colspan attribute to make a cell span many columns Use the rowspan attribute to make a cell span many rows
- 6. HTML Form: TAG Definition <form> Defines an HTML form for user input <input> Defines an input control <textarea> Defines a multiline input control (text area) <label> Defines a label for an <input> element <fieldset> Groups related elements in a form <legend> Defines a caption for a <fieldset> element <select> Defines a drop-down list <optgroup> Defines a group of related options in a drop-down list <option> Defines an option in a drop-down list <button> Defines a clickable button <datalist> Specifies a list of pre-defined options for input controls
- 7. HTML Character Entities & Formatting:
- 8. CSS: CSS stands for Cascaded Style Sheet. Wium Lie has proposed the concept of CSS in 1994 (26 years ago). The latest version of CSS 3 was published in 1999. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) defines the specifications of CSS. Father of HTML 5, CSS 3 => “Håkon Wium Lie”Håkon Wium Lie
- 9. CSS Syntax:
- 10. Types of CSS: 1) External CSS 2) Internal CSS 3) Inline CSS
- 11. External CSS: With an external style sheet, you can change the look of an entire website by changing just one file. Each HTML page must include a reference to the external style sheet file inside the <link> element, inside the head section. <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="mystyle.css"> </head> <body> <h1>This is a heading</h1> <p>This is a paragraph.</p> </body> </html> body { background-color: lightblue; } h1 { color: navy; margin-left: 20px; }
- 12. Internal CSS: An inline style may be used to apply a unique style for a single element. To use inline styles, add the style attribute to the relevant element. The style attribute can contain any CSS property. <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <style> body {background-color: linen;} h1 {color: maroon; margin-left: 40px; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>This is a heading</h1> <p>This is a paragraph.</p> </body> </html>
- 13. Inline CSS: An inline style may be used to apply a unique style for a single element. To use inline styles, add the style attribute to the relevant element. The style attribute can contain any CSS property. <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body> <h1 style="color:blue;text-align:center;"> This is a heading </h1> <p style="color:red;"> This is a paragraph. </p> </body> </html>
- 14. GATE Question: 1. Consider the HTML table definition given below: <table border=1> <tr> <td rowspan=2>ab</td> <td colspan=2> cd </td> </tr> <tr> <td>ef</td> <td rowspan=2>gh</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=2>ik</td> </tr> </table> The number of rows in each column and the number of columns in each row are (a) 2, 2, 3 and 2, 3, 2 (b) 2, 2, 3 and 2, 2, 3 (c) 2, 3, 2 and 2, 3, 2 (d) 2, 3, 2 and 2, 2, 3 (GATE 2009: 1 Mark)
- 15. Model Questions: 2. The following HTML tag is used for inserting a line break? (a) <br/> (b) <startbreak/> (c) <lb/> (d) <LINEBRK/> 3. Which of the following is not a pair tag? (a) <i> (b) <u> (c) <b> (d) <br> 4. Which of the following HTML tag will provide the largest heading (a) <h6> (b) <h1> (c) <head8> (d) <heading6>
- 16. Model Questions: (Cont.) 5. Linking to another place in the same or another Web page require two A (Anchor) tags, the first with the _______ attribute and the second with the _______ attribute. (a) NAME, LINK (b) LINK, HREF (c) HREF, NAME (d) TARGET, VALUE 6. The facilities available in the Internet are A. Electronic mail. B. Remote login. C. File transfer. D. Encryption technique. (a) A and B (b) A, B and D (c) A, B and C (d) B, C and D
- 18. Next Class: HTML & CSS & JS