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Internet Basics for class ix. Unit I. Describe
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- 2. In this Chapter.. Introduction Internet and its components World Wide Web (WWW) Internet Terminology Web Server Websites Webpages Web Browsers Blogs Web Address Newsgroup HTML Protocols
- 3. INTRODUCTION All multipleobjectives linking together and increasing the approach make a network. Like : Network of Rails Network of Roads Network of computers across the world.
- 4. Internet and itsComponents Definition of Internet: It is a worldwide system of interconnected computer networks and electronic devices that communicate with each other using an established set of protocols. Internet is also known as a global system of computer networks. Also it is called as networks of network which contains an inter- connected network. Designed by the Advance Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of US Govt. Internet was first said to be the ARPANet.
- 5. How does theInternet Work
- 6. How does theinternet Works 1. Data is broken into packets. 2. Packets are routed. 3. Data is delivered. 4. Devices communicate Internet Technologies The internet uses a variety of technologies, including: Wires, Cables, Radio waves and other networking infrastructures. Mobile Broadband and WiFi. Electronics and Wireless. Optical Networking Technologies.
- 7. World Wide Web(WWW) Definition of WWW :It is a system of interconnected web pages that users can access through the internet. OR It is called a set of standards, programs and protocols which permits hypertext and multimedia files to be made, depicted and connected on the internet. Network of Online content which is formatted in HTML and accessed through HTTP.
- 8. Difference between Internetand WWW Internet Network of Computers To provide a way for computers to communicate with each other. Uses Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) WWW A system of Websites To provide a way for users to access information and communicate with each other. Uses Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
- 9. Internet Terminology Server: It is a computer that provides services, data, or resources to other computers. Client : It is a computer on the networks which requests for services from another computer on the internet.
- 10. Internet Terminology Website Acollection of web pages organized and linked together. Typically has a domain name (e.g., Google.com). Contains multiple pages with diverse content and functionalities. Webpage A single document or resource on the web Accessible through a specific URL. Can be a part of larger website or exists as a standalone page. Webpage is a digital page/document which is hosted on Internet.
- 11. Internet Terminology WebBrowser: It is a software or program on a client computer, which recovers information from the web. E.g: Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Mozilla Fire fox, Opera etc. URL : Stands for Uniform Resource Locator. It is known as the unique Address of webpage over Internet. E.g: www.google.com, www.youtube.com. Etc.
- 12. Internet Terminology Blog Ablog is an online journal or website where content, like articles and posts, are regularly updated. Blogs are used for various purposes, including sharing personal stories, offering information, promoting products, and building a community. Blogger A blogger is the person who writes and maintains a blog.
- 13. Internet Terminology E-Mail Itis the short form of Electronic Mail. An E-Mail is a digital message, like a letter send Electronically. We can also send multimedia from E-mail. E-Mail Address An E-Mail Address is the unique identifier that allows you to receive those messages. It is the full address used to send and receive emails. It consists of two main parts : the local part (before the @) and the domain part (after the @) Generally called as Email ID.
- 14. Web Server Aweb server is that computer which consists of the information when the users of the internet may approach utilizing their web browser. Responds to requests from browsers using HTTP or HTTPS. It Stores Web pages, images, videos, applications, and other files.
- 15. Difference between HTTPand HTTPS HTTP It is a protocol that sends data in plain text. Security : Unsecured Encryption : No encryption URL : Starts with http:// Use : General website browsing. HTTPS HTTPS encrypts data. It is more secure version of HTTP. Security : Secured. Encryption :Uses SSL (Secure Socket layer)/ TLS (Transport Layer Security) encryption. URL : Starts with https:// Use : Transmitting sensitive information.
- 16. Distinction Between Serverand Web Server Server A server is a computer or software that provides services to other computers. Servers can provide various services, such as file storage, email, printing, database management and web hosting. They can be physical hardware (e.g, a Computer) or software running on a computer. Can be used for general purpose. Web Server A web server is a specific type of server that handles HTTP requests and responses. It stores and serves web content (like HTML, CSS, images) to clients. Web server are typically software that runs on server hardware and uses protocols like HTTP/HTTPS. Specialized for web traffic.
- 17. Websites A websiteis a collection of interconnected web pages, typically managed by a person or Organization, accessible through the internet. Contains : Text, images, videos and link. It is collection of pages. Accessible through the internet. Designed to be viewed in web browsers like Chrome, Firefox, opera etc.
- 18. Segments of aWebsite. There are certain segments necessary to create a website. These are as follow:- Webpage: Document written in hypertext (also known as HTML)that you can see online, using a web browser. Design: It provides holistic look and feel the website. Home Page: Primary or chief page of a website. Content: The matter. Address: A URL to enter in website.
- 19. Difference between Websitesand Web Portal Websites Websites are designed for general audience and accessible to anyone. Primarily focus on providing information, content, or services. Websites typically do not require users to log in to access their content. E.g., Company website, news sites, online stores etc. Web Portal Web Portal are designed for specific users to access their content and features. Portals can be tailored to individual users, offering personalized content, applications and services. Access to a web portal is usually restricted to authorized users through a login process. E.g., Secure login pages for online banking, customer portals. Etc.
- 20. Webpages Definition :A Web Page is a document on the World Wide Web (WWW), typically written in HTML, that is viewed in Web Browser. Configured in a computer language known as HTML (Hyper Text markup Language). Definition of Hypertext: It signifies to the combination of graphic, text, images, audio & Video, tracks and Hyperlinks. Definition of Hyperlink: It signifies to a dynamic connection by clicking at which a new program or webpage opens.
- 21. WEB BROWSER A Web Browseris known as a application software which permits us to visit various websites on the internet and show their offering on our own mobile devices or computer. Web Browser may display text, videos, audio, animation and any more.
- 22. Web Browser Types GraphicalBrowser Text, audio, images and video are recoverable. Navigation is implemented by clicking and pointing with a mouse on selected words and graphics i.e., Hyperlinks. Text only Browser Give Access/Response in text-only mode on the web. Navigation is implemented by selecting words in the screen using the arrow UP and Down key, and then pushing the Enter key to persue the link.
- 23. Kind of Blogs 1.Personal Blogs : Posts of personal interests. 2. Micro-Blogs : Individual posts and others may answer. E.g., Twitter. 3. Company Blogs : For promoting new products or development being made on certain products. 4. News and Views : Managed by journalists. Stories regarding news.
- 24. Blogs Advantages Increased webTraffic Brand Building Flexibility ( as it can be done from any where) Potential for Earnings. Community Buildings. Easy to establish. Disadvantages Time Exhausting. Negative comments. Frustration. The blogging landscape is crowded, making it challenging to stand out.
- 25. Web Address (URL) Specific location of a webpage or resource on the internet. Breakdown/Parts of Web Address (URL): Protocol : How data will Transferred. Like http:// or “https://” Domain Name : Unique name represents the website, like “google” in www.google.com. Path : specific file or page within the website, like “/image/logo.png”. Top level Domain (TLD): Last part of the domain name, like “.com”, “.org” or “.gov” Subdomains (Optional) : Prefix before the main domain name, like “www” or “blog” in ‘www.blog.example.com”.
- 26. Newsgroup An onlinediscussion forum where people can post messages and engage in conversations about a specific topic. Newsgroups are also known as bulletin boards or clubs or message boards. Usenet Network : a distributed system of servers where newsgroups are hosted and messages are exchanged.
- 27. HTML Known as Formattinglanguage utilized to determine the appearance and contents of a webpage. Hypertext : Particular kind of digital text which consist of links to other text. Markup : Special symbols or instructions showing the style, format or structure for a webpage. Markup language : Set of standards, properly designed structure to make documents like webpage.
- 28. Protocols A format setof rules and traditions. How computer swaps information on a network mechanism. HTTP : Communication protocol. For communication between the web server and browser. Also known as request and response protocol. HTTPS: Secure version of HTTP. ‘S’ stands for secure. Encryption- the actual text/information is changed into certain code utilizing a particular kind of technology known as SSL (Secure Socket Layer).
- 29. Figure : httpand https protocol.
- 30. How to checkwhether our connection is safe ? Before keying in any personal/financial information on any website, ensure that the URL begins with https:// ---- Check on the navigation bars of webpage.