Introduction to Android App Development
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The document provides a comprehensive overview of Android development, detailing its history, architecture, and evolution through various versions. It discusses the essential components of the Android ecosystem, including the application lifecycle and security features, as well as innovations in design and performance improvements in newer versions. Additionally, it covers tools and platforms such as Android Studio and Genymotion for app development and testing.
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Introduction to Android App Development
- 1. Android Development http://dycode.co.id | offi[email protected] | @dycode Beginner Level Training DyPlex, March 31, 2015
- 2. Andri Yadi CEO, DyCode Lead Trainer
- 3. Bayu WY Mobile Team Lead, DyCode
- 4. About DyCode 8 years company End-to-end mobile app solutions developer company Award-winning companies 100+ mid-to-large projects, 3 products, including a well-know app: Movreak, Jepret Story
- 6. Android Background A Software Stack: OS, Middle-ware, key apps. Developed by Android Inc. Bought by Google in 2005. Based on Linux kernel Open Source Android Open Source Project (AOSP), led by Google. Under Apache 2.0 License. Developed by Open Handset Alliance. Huge code base Application layer is Java-based Android is NOT Linux. No native windowing system. No glibc support.NO GNU/LINUX utilities
- 7. Android Background Open Handset Alliance? A consortium of several companies Devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices Develop technologies that will significantly lower the cost of developing and distributing mobile devices and services.
- 8. Architecture
- 9. Linux Kernel Linux Kernel: basic hardware abstraction, memory management, process management, networking, and other operating system services. Display Driver Camera Driver Flash Memory Driver Binder (IPC) Driver Keypad Driver WiFi Driver Audio Driver Power Management
- 10. Libraries Native Libraries: written in C or C++, Standard C lib. Only to be called by higher level programs Surface Manager Media Framework SQLite OpenGL ES FreeType WebKit SGL SSL libc
- 11. Android Runtime Core Libraries consists of most of standard Java libraries (but not J2SE/ J2ME). Don’t use VM, Dalvik VM instead. Run .dex files. Each app runs in its own VM Core Libraries Dalvik Virtual Machine
- 12. Application Framework Full set of services built in Java View & windows, resources, content providers, phone services & APIs, notifications, application life-cycle management All apps directly interact with this layer Activity Manager Window Manager Content Providers View System Package Manager Telephony Manager Resource Manager Location Manager Notification Manager
- 13. Applications Applications and Widgets: the real programs display information and interact with users. Home Contacts Browser Your app
- 14. Android Applications Loosely coupled set of services One or more: Activities (≃ screens) Services (≃ background processes) Broadcast receiver (≃ waiting and response) Content providers (≃ provides some data, mostly backed by SQLite) Can use other apps functionality (≃ intent)
- 15. Android Applications Set of activities
- 16. Application Lifecycle Controlled by Tasks A task is a set of activities arranged in a stack Root Task Launching an app makes it the root of a task New activities pushed on the task task (default behaviour) Activity 2 Activity 1 Task
- 17. Application Lifecycle App Process All apps are run in their own process Priority Android manages memory by prioritising processes and killing least important ones
- 18. Application Lifecycle Jepret Story app process Twitter app process
- 20. OS Version & API Level Android 1.0 Android 1.1 Android 1.5 Cupcake Android 1.6 Donut (API level 4) Android 2.0 Eclair (API level 5) Android 2.0.1 Eclair (API level 6) Android 2.1 Eclair (API level 7) Android 2.2–2.2.3 Froyo (API level 8) Android 2.3–2.3.2 Gingerbread (API level 9) Android 2.3.3–2.3.7 Gingerbread (API level 10) Android 3.0 Honeycomb (API level 11) Android 3.1 Honeycomb (API level 12) Android 3.2 Honeycomb (API level 13) Android 4.0–4.0.2 Ice Cream Sandwich (API level 14) Android 4.0.3–4.0.4 Ice Cream Sandwich (API level 15) Android 4.1 Jelly Bean (API level 16) Android 4.2 Jelly Bean (API level 17) Android 4.3 Jelly Bean (API level 18) Andriod 4.4–4.4.4 Kitkat (API level 19) Andriod 4.4W Kitkat with Wearable Extensions (API level 20) Android 5.0-5.02 Lollipop (API Level 21) Android 5.1 Lollipop (API Level 22)
- 21. Security & Permissions Each Android package is given its own unique Linux user ID An app is sandboxed and can't disrupt other apps, except by explicitly declaring the permissions for it Permissions: Declarative permission in manifest file Users are prompted at install time Apps (APK files) are signed locally
- 22. Android 5.0Some updates on…
- 23. Material Design Visual Language + Good Design + Innovation
- 24. Material Design Colors Large areas, suggested color palette Images More personal & emotional content “3D” Mostly 2D & 2.5D to give structure Light and Shadow Cards and overlays
- 25. Material Design Flat No bevels, gradients, effects Animations Explains interaction Typography Roboto and font style definitions Layout templates Margins, key lines, etc.
- 26. Material Design Elements of Material Design in Android New theme New Widgets for complex views New API for Custom Shadows & Animation
- 27. ToolBar is a generalized ActionBar More flexible setActionBar(toolBar) Option menu actions Can be placed anywhere in the layout For example, in a pop up Fragment Toolbar is just another View
- 28. Android RunTime (ART) Good bye Dalvik ART runtime replaces Dalvik as the platform default Features Ahead of time compilation (AOT) Better Garbage Collection (GC) 64 bit support Better Profiling and Debugging First appearance in Android 4.4 (experimental)
- 29. ART - AOT Compilation during installation Installation takes longer More storage required (DEX + Compiled) Better startup time No compilation lags during execution Compiled ART code is faster than compiled Dalvik code In general, better battery life, less memory consumption
- 30. WebView Chromium 37 Includes: WebGL WebAudio WebRTC Updateable from Google Play Permissions for camera, microphone, ...
- 31. Notification Heads up notifications (floating) Privacy notification setting for lockscreen
- 32. Camera Uncompressed 8MP YUV at 30 FPS Capture raw sensor data & control parameters Exposure ISO sensitivity
- 33. Connectivity Bluetooth LE Peripheral Mode Broadcast presence to nearby devices Scan and connect to specific network
- 34. Dev Tool
- 36. Integration with Android Studio A Single Build System Android Signing Configuration Multi-project Support Full Incremental Builds apply plugin: 'com.android.application' android { compileSdkVersion 21 buildToolsVersion "21.1.2" defaultConfig { applicationId “example.app.android" minSdkVersion 10 targetSdkVersion 21 versionCode 1 versionName "1.0" } }
- 37. Genymotion Faster Android Emulator Free for personal use only Only provides emulation on GPS, Camera EUR24.99 per month, per user
- 38. Intel HAXM Intel® Hardware Accelerated Execution Manager a hardware-assisted virtualization engine that uses Intel Virtualization Technology to speed up Android app emulation on a host machine Suppots Windows, Linux, OS X Requirement Intel HAXM installer Intel x86 Atom System Image
- 39. Google Play
- 40. Google Play Distribute and find Android apps Get started Sign up for Developer Account Accept Developer Distribution Agreement Pay $25 one-time registration fee Complete details https://play.google.com/apps/publish
- 41. Google Play Google Play began to review app* Payment: Credit Card Google Play Gift Card Operator Billing 30% cut for Google Play
- 42. DyCode Edu http://edu.dycode.co.id [email protected] @dycode More pro training?