Managerial economics is the application of economic theory and concepts to business decision making. It helps managers make rational decisions and plans by integrating economic theory with business practice. Managerial economics examines microeconomic issues like what and how much to produce, and for whom. It is related to areas like production, marketing, finance, human resources, and operations research. The managerial economist assists managers in strategic decisions regarding production, pricing, costs, and human resource management using analytical methods.