irony ppt f......................................eb.ppt

irony ppt f......................................eb.ppt

• 7.
  WHAT IS IRONY? IRONYIS ABOUT EXPECTATIONS. IRONY: THE OPPOSITE OF WHAT IS EXPECTED. 3 KINDS OF IRONY • VERBAL • DRAMATIC • SITUATIONAL
• 8.
  VERBAL IRONY A CHARACTERSAYS ONE THING BUT MEANS THE OPPOSITE ALSO CALLED SARCASM OR BEING SARCASTIC. EXAMPLES THE LOCKER ROOM SMELLS REALLY GOOD. AWESOME! ANOTHER HOMEWORK PACKET!
• 9.
  DRAMATIC IRONY WHEN THEREADER UNDERSTANDS MORE ABOUT THE EVENTS OF A STORY THAN A CHARACTER. YOU KNOW SOMETHING THAT A CHARACTER DOESN’T. EXAMPLE TIM’S PARENTS ARE PROUD OF THE “A” HE GOT ON THE TEST, BUT WE KNOW HE CHEATED. ALEX WRITES A LOVE POEM TO JUDY BUT WE KNOW THAT JUDY LOVES DEVIN.
• 10.
  SITUATIONAL IRONY WHEN WHATACTUALLY HAPPENS IS THE OPPOSITE OF WHAT IS EXPECTED. SOMETHING ABOUT THE SITUATION IS COMPLETELY UNEXPECTED. EXAMPLE GENERAL SEDGWICK’S LAST WORDS WERE, “THEY COULDN’T HIT AN ELEPHANT AT THIS DISTANCE.” BILL GATES USES AN APPLE COMPUTER.
• 11.
  REVIEW SOMETHING THAT ISIRONIC IS UNEXPECTED. IF UNEXPECTED BY A CHARACTER, IT’S DRAMATIC. IF UNEXPECTED BY EVERYONE, IT’S SITUATIONAL. IF IT’S SARCASM, IT’S VERBAL.
• 12.
  Romeo and Juliet(Shakespeare) Juliet is desperate to escape the arranged marriage her parents have planned for her. With the help of Friar Laurence, she drinks a potion that will make her appear dead for forty-two hours. Her family, believing she has truly died, prepares a funeral instead of a wedding. They mourn her loss, crying over what they think is her lifeless body. Meanwhile, Romeo, who has been banished from Verona, hears the tragic news from his servant. He rushes back to Juliet’s side, determined to see her one last time. When he finds her pale and unmoving, he is certain that she is gone forever. Overcome with grief, he drinks poison so that he can join her in death. The audience, however, knows what Romeo does not: Juliet is not dead at all, but merely asleep. This creates a heartbreaking moment of dramatic irony, as viewers can only watch helplessly while tragedy unfolds.
• 13.
  The Necklace (Guyde Maupassant) Madame Loisel always believed she was born for a life of elegance and beauty, but instead she finds herself married to a modest clerk and living in a simple apartment. When she is invited to a grand ball, she feels she has nothing worthy to wear. In desperation, she borrows a glittering diamond necklace from her wealthy friend, Madame Forestier. On the night of the party, she dances with joy, admired by everyone in the room, and finally feels like she belongs in the world of wealth. But disaster strikes when she discovers that the necklace is gone. Terrified, she and her husband borrow money and work themselves into exhaustion to replace it. For ten long years they live in poverty, sacrificing their health, youth, and happiness to pay off the enormous debt. At the end of the story, Madame Loisel finally confesses to Madame Forestier, only to learn the necklace she borrowed was an imitation worth almost nothing. The bitter twist lies in the fact that all her suffering was unnecessary, a cruel example of situational irony.
• 14.
  Oedipus Rex (Sophocles) Thecity of Thebes is plagued with disaster, and King Oedipus vows to find the source of the problem. He announces to his people that he will hunt down the murderer of King Laius and punish him severely, promising that justice will be served. Oedipus believes himself to be a wise and noble ruler, admired for his determination to protect his people. As the story unfolds, Oedipus questions prophets, servants, and even his wife Jocasta, piecing together the clues to the mystery. Each answer brings him closer to the truth he cannot yet see. The audience, however, knows from the very beginning that Oedipus himself is the man he seeks—the killer of Laius and the son who has unknowingly married his own mother. Every word Oedipus speaks in his search for justice becomes more tragic, as he blindly condemns himself while the audience waits for the inevitable revelation.
• 15.
  A Modest Proposal(Jonathan Swift) In his famous satirical essay, Jonathan Swift writes in the voice of a calm and logical narrator who claims to have discovered a brilliant solution to Ireland’s poverty. With careful calculations, he explains that poor families should sell their babies as food to the rich. He describes recipes, discusses the financial advantages, and even argues that such a plan would improve family life and society as a whole. On the surface, the essay reads like a serious economic argument, filled with reason and practicality. Of course, Swift never meant for anyone to take these words literally. The shocking suggestion is a work of verbal irony: he writes the opposite of what he believes in order to expose the cruelty of the wealthy and the government. By “praising” such a horrifying idea, Swift forces readers to confront the way society treats the poor as if their lives were disposable. His ironic proposal is not a solution at all, but a powerful criticism.
• 16.
  The Gift ofthe Magi (O. Henry) Della counts her coins again and again, but no matter how carefully she saves, she cannot gather enough money to buy her husband Jim the Christmas gift he deserves. After hours of worrying, she makes a painful choice: she sells her long, beautiful hair, the feature she treasures most, to earn the money. With joy, she uses the money to buy Jim a fine chain for his prized pocket watch. When Jim arrives home, he is stunned by her new appearance but quickly reassures her that he still loves her. Then, with a smile, he hands her a small box containing a pair of exquisite combs—something Della had long admired but never hoped to own. Della bursts into tears, for the combs are useless now that her hair is gone. Just as she realizes this, Jim explains that he no longer has his watch; he sold it to buy the combs. Their great sacrifices cancel out their gifts, creating a twist that is both ironic and moving.
• 17.
  Julius Caesar (Shakespeare) Inthe wake of Julius Caesar’s assassination, Rome is in turmoil. Brutus, one of Caesar’s closest allies, claims that Caesar was too ambitious and had to be stopped for the good of the Republic. To calm the people, Brutus delivers a speech explaining the conspirators’ motives, and many citizens seem persuaded. Then comes Mark Antony. Standing over Caesar’s lifeless body, Antony begins to speak. Again and again, he refers to Brutus and the others as “honorable men.” At first, the words sound respectful, but as Antony repeats the phrase, his tone changes. He speaks of Caesar’s generosity, his compassion, and the marks of betrayal on his stabbed body. The crowd slowly realizes that Antony does not mean what he says. His “praise” of the assassins is sarcastic, meant to turn the people against them. By saying one thing and meaning the opposite, Antony uses verbal irony to ignite a rebellion.
• 18.
  Romeo and Juliet(Shakespeare) Romeo is heartbroken, sighing over his unreturned love for Rosaline. He tells his friends that he will never love again, for Rosaline has stolen his heart. To cheer him up, they persuade him to sneak into a grand party at the Capulet house, even though attending a rival family’s gathering could be dangerous. Romeo reluctantly agrees, hoping to catch a glimpse of Rosaline from afar. But when he enters the ballroom, everything changes. He lays eyes on Juliet, and in a single moment, Rosaline vanishes from his thoughts completely. The party he expected to be a reminder of his misery becomes the place where he discovers the greatest love of his life. Ironically, the event he feared would deepen his sorrow instead leads him to joy—and eventually, to tragedy.
• 19.
  Animal Farm (GeorgeOrwell) At first, the animals of Manor Farm unite in joy after driving out their human oppressor, Mr. Jones. They establish rules to ensure fairness: no animal shall kill another, no animal shall sleep in a bed, and above all, all animals are equal. The farm becomes a place of hope, with the dream that life will be better under their own control. But slowly, the pigs take more power. They begin to keep privileges for themselves, rewriting the rules to suit their needs. They sleep in beds, drink alcohol, and eventually walk on two legs like the humans they once despised. By the final scene, the other animals look from pig to man and man to pig but cannot tell the difference. The great revolution meant to bring freedom has only created new masters. The result is the opposite of what the animals fought for, making the ending deeply ironic.