Java: how to thrive in the changing world
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This document discusses how Oracle manages changes to the Java platform, which is used by hundreds of millions of applications worldwide. It outlines Oracle's processes for updating the Java Development Kit and addressing bugs. It also explains how the Java specification acts as an agreement between different versions and vendors. Oracle has special tools, processes, and policies for tracking changes to the specification and testing for compatibility in order to manage updates to Java for all of its users.
Java: how to thrive in the changing world
- 1. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 1
- 2. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 2 The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.
- 3. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 3 https://twitter.com/navalny/status/326243610418884610
- 4. Java: how to thrive in the changing world Alexey Fedorov, Ella Nekipelova Oracle Engineers, JCK Team, Java Platform Group
- 5. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 5 Agenda Bugs in your application Updating Java Java Platform Specification Compatibility: non-trivial example Summary
- 6. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 6 Java application environment JDK Hardware Frameworks OS Your Java Application
- 7. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 7 How to fix bugs OS JDK Frameworks App Hardware Create an issue or just fix it! Create an issue. Opensource? Send a patch! OracleJDK/OpenJDK: file a bug! Create issue, wait for fix Relax and enjoy Other vendors: it depends
- 8. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 8 Updates Your Application – Company and project update procedures Frameworks – Maven OS – Install patches – Upgrade/Change OS Hardware – Replace one server box with another
- 9. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 9 Updating Java Type of updates: – Release update 7u17 → 7u21 – Major platform update: Java 7 → Java 8 Change Java vendor – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ List_of_Java_virtual_machines
- 10. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 10 How do we manage changes? OpenJDK / Oracle JDK JDK QA: tests for Public APIs (java.awt.*) Private APIs (sun.awt.*) Community Java users around the world Java from other vendors Should be certified Java Compatibility Kit (JCK) Hundred thousands conformance tests Feedback from licencees
- 11. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 11 Problem Millions of Java application vs. different versions and vendors – How to agree? Public specification play role of the protocol! API specification (aka Javadoc) Java Language Specification (JLS) Specification Java Virtual Machine Specification (JVMS) Standalone documents
- 12. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 12 Java Specification is a protocol! SMTP Hundreds of clients vs. hundreds of servers 100s + 100s = 100s Timeline 1982 – RFC 821 2001 – RFC 2821 2008 – RFC 5321 … and protocol cannot be changed too often Java Millions of applications vs. dozens releases from dozens vendors 1000000s + 10s = 1000000s Timeline 1996 – JDK 1.0 2002 – J2SE 1.4 1997 – J2SE 1.1 2004 – J2SE 5.0 1998 – J2SE 1.2 2006 – Java SE 6 2000 – J2SE 1.3 2011 – Java SE 7
- 13. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 13 Example: Adding null key to empty TreeMap
- 14. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 14 How do we manage specification? Special procedures/policies – Multiple review for every change Tracking Accepting / Rejecting Special tools - http://jcp.org/en/resources/tdk – Signatures SigTest - http://sigtest.java.net/ – Specification markup and conformance tests binding SpecTrac / SpecDiff
- 15. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 15 Summary Updating the platform, which is used by hundreds millions people around the world is a very difficult thing! Oracle has special tools, processes and policies – Different policies for major releases (Java 7 → Java 8) and for updates (7uXX) – Tracking/Managing the Java Specification Special processes including multiple review Tools: SpecTrac, SigTest and others Oracle takes care of you!
- 16. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 16 Java: how to thrive in the changing world Q&A Alexey Fedorov ([email protected]), @23derevo Ella Nekipelova ([email protected])
- 17. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 17