JavaScript Coding Guidelines

Mar 10, 20151 like735 views

This presentation has been prepared by Oleksii Prohonnyi for internal JS team meeting for improving skills of developers.

JAVASCRIPT
CODING GUIDELINES
_by Oleksii Prohonnyi

Use === Instead of ==
"If two operands are of the same
type and value, then === produces
true and !== produces false.“
- JavaScript: The Good Parts

Eval = Bad
Not only will this decrease your script's
performance substantially, but it also
poses a huge security risk.

Don't Use Short-Hand
This is a terrible practice that should be
avoided at all costs.

Declarations on Top
It is a good coding practice to put all
declarations at the top of each script
or function.

Initialize Variables
It is a good coding practice to initialize
variables when you declare them.

Use shortcut declarations
- Use {} instead of new Object()
- Use "" instead of new String()
- Use 0 instead of new Number()
- Use false instead of new Boolean()
- Use [] instead of new Array()
- Use /()/ instead of new RegExp()
- Use function (){} instead of new function()

Avoid Global Variables
Minimize the use of global variables.
This includes all data types, objects,
and functions.
Global variables and functions can be
overwritten by other scripts.
Use local variables instead, and learn
how to use closures.

Always Declare Local Variables
All variables used in a function should
be declared as local variables.
Local variables must be declared with
the “var” keyword, otherwise they will
become global variables.

Long List of Variables?
Omit the "Var" Keyword and
Use Commas Instead

Say “No!” to loops declarations
Do not declare variables inside loops,
don't make the engine work any harder
than it must.

End Your Switches with Defaults
Always end your switch statements
with a default. Even if you think there
is no need for it.

Avoid Cluttering The Global
Namespace
Using globals may cause naming conflicts
between javascript source files and cause
code to break. For this reason, it is a good
practice to encapsulate functionality within
a single global namespace.

Avoid sync "Ajax" calls
If you think that your situation requires
sync mode, it is most likely time to
re-think your design. Very few (if any)
situations actually require Ajax requests
in sync mode.

Use JSON
When storing data structures as plain
text or sending/retrieving data structures
via Ajax, use JSON instead of XML
when possible.

Comment Your Code
Always comment important sections
of your code.

Object
Objects can be created using a constructor
or an object literal.
The constructor should be a custom function
only.

Constructor
Constructor functions simply assign values
to slots of a newly created object.

Inheritance
JavaScript supports inheritance hierarchies
through prototyping in the manner of Self.

Encapsulation
Encapsulation includes the idea that the
data of an object should not be directly
exposed.

1. “Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software
Craftsmanship” (Robert Martin)
2. “Even Faster Web Sites” (Steve Souders)
3. “Maintainable JavaScript” (Nicholas Zakas)
4. w3schools.com
5. javascripttoolbox.com
6. tutsplus.com

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JavaScript Coding Guidelines

1. JAVASCRIPT CODING GUIDELINES _by Oleksii Prohonnyi

3. BEST PRACTICES

4. Use === Instead of == "If two operands are of the same type and value, then === produces true and !== produces false.“ - JavaScript: The Good Parts

5. Eval = Bad Not only will this decrease your script's performance substantially, but it also poses a huge security risk.

6. Don't Use Short-Hand This is a terrible practice that should be avoided at all costs.

8. Declarations on Top It is a good coding practice to put all declarations at the top of each script or function.

9. Initialize Variables It is a good coding practice to initialize variables when you declare them.

11. Use shortcut declarations - Use {} instead of new Object() - Use "" instead of new String() - Use 0 instead of new Number() - Use false instead of new Boolean() - Use [] instead of new Array() - Use /()/ instead of new RegExp() - Use function (){} instead of new function()

12. Avoid Global Variables Minimize the use of global variables. This includes all data types, objects, and functions. Global variables and functions can be overwritten by other scripts. Use local variables instead, and learn how to use closures.

14. Always Declare Local Variables All variables used in a function should be declared as local variables. Local variables must be declared with the “var” keyword, otherwise they will become global variables.

15. Long List of Variables? Omit the "Var" Keyword and Use Commas Instead

17. Say “No!” to loops declarations Do not declare variables inside loops, don't make the engine work any harder than it must.

19. End Your Switches with Defaults Always end your switch statements with a default. Even if you think there is no need for it.

20. Avoid Cluttering The Global Namespace Using globals may cause naming conflicts between javascript source files and cause code to break. For this reason, it is a good practice to encapsulate functionality within a single global namespace.

21. Avoid sync "Ajax" calls If you think that your situation requires sync mode, it is most likely time to re-think your design. Very few (if any) situations actually require Ajax requests in sync mode.

22. Use JSON When storing data structures as plain text or sending/retrieving data structures via Ajax, use JSON instead of XML when possible.

23. Comment Your Code Always comment important sections of your code.

25. JAVASCRIPT OOD

26. Object Objects can be created using a constructor or an object literal. The constructor should be a custom function only.

28. Constructor Constructor functions simply assign values to slots of a newly created object.

30. Inheritance JavaScript supports inheritance hierarchies through prototyping in the manner of Self.

32. Encapsulation Encapsulation includes the idea that the data of an object should not be directly exposed.

34. CODE CONVENTION

35. Always follow team’s code convention!

36. REFERENCES

37. 1. “Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship” (Robert Martin) 2. “Even Faster Web Sites” (Steve Souders) 3. “Maintainable JavaScript” (Nicholas Zakas) 4. w3schools.com 5. javascripttoolbox.com 6. tutsplus.com

38. SIGMA UKRAINE38

39. Oleksii Prohonnyi facebook.com/oprohonnyi linkedin.com/in/oprohonnyi

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