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- 1. National Aeronautics andSpace Administration Space Launch System Space Launch System (SLS) Progress Report NASA Project Management Challenge 2012 Joan (Jody) A. Singer, Deputy Program Manager Todd A. May, Program Manager NASA Marshall Space Flight Center www.nasa.gov February 22—23, 2012
- 2. Agenda ♦ Our Mandate: Deliver the Nation’s Next Human-Rated Space Transportation System ♦ How We Got Here: A Brief History of SLS ♦ Why We Will Succeed: Doing Things Differently and Expecting Different Results ♦ Questions & Answers National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.2
- 3. The Next Horizon Discovering, Learning, Understanding National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.3
- 4. Advancing the U.S.Legacy of Human Exploration National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.4
- 5. NASA Vision To reach for new heights and reveal the unknown, so that what we do and learn will benefit all humankind. NASA Strategic Goals ✔ Extend and sustain human activities across the solar system. Expand scientific understanding of the Earth and the universe in which we live. Create the innovative new space technologies for our exploration, science, and economic future. Advance aeronautics research for societal benefit. Enable program and institutional capabilities to conduct NASA’s aeronautics and space activities. Share NASA with the public, educators, and students to provide opportunities to participate in our mission, foster innovation, and contribute to a strong national economy. SLS — Safe, Affordable, and Sustainable National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.5
- 6. Flexible Capability forExploration Missions Mars and Its Moons Phobos and Deimos High-Earth Orbit (HEO)/ Geosynchronous-Earth Orbit (GEO)/Lagrange Points Earth’s Moon Near-Earth Asteroids Increasing Our Reach and Expanding Our Boundaries National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.6
- 7. Agenda ♦ Our Mandate: Deliver the Nation’s Next Human-Rated Space Transportation System ♦ How We Got Here: A Brief History of SLS ♦ Why We Will Succeed: Doing Things Differently and Expecting Different Results ♦ Questions & Answers National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.7
- 8. NASA Authorization Actof 2010 ♦ The Congress approved and the President signed the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010. • Bipartisan support for human exploration beyond low-Earth orbit (LEO). ♦ The Law authorizes: • Extension of the International Space Station (ISS) until at least 2020. This rocket is key to implementing the plan • Strong support for a commercial space laid out by President Obama and Congress in the bipartisan 2010 NASA Authorization Act. transportation industry. — NASA Administrator Charles Bolden • Development of Orion and heavy lift launch capabilities. September 14, 2011 • A “flexible path” approach to space exploration, opening up vast opportunities including near-Earth asteroids and Mars. • New space technology investments to increase capabilities beyond Earth orbit (BEO). Delivering on the Laws of the Land … and Obeying the Laws of Physics National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.8
- 9. SLS Serves ManyStakeholders NASA Headquarters National Aeronautics and Space Administration T H E P U B L I C 8096_PM Challenge.9
- 10. SLS Driving Objectives ♦ Safe: Human-Rated ♦ Affordable • Constrained budget environment • Maximum use of common elements and existing assets, infrastructure, and workforce • Competitive opportunities for affordability on-ramps ♦ Initial capability: 70 metric tons (t), 2017–2021 • Serves as primary transportation for Orion and exploration missions • Provides back-up capability for crew/cargo to ISS ♦ Evolved capability: 130 t, post–2021 • Offers large volume for science missions and payloads • Modular and flexible, right-sized for mission requirements SLS First Flight in 2017 National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.10
- 11. Stakeholder Venn Diagram Team 4(Affordabilit y) Team 1 OMB/OSTP Team (Shuttle/Ares Derived) 3(Modular – EELV) Contractor D Contractor E Contractor F Congress Air Force Contractor G HSFC 2 Contractor B HSFC 3 HSFC 1 Contractor C Von Braun Contractor A Rocket Designers Team 2 Legend (Large RP) EELV Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle HSFC Human Space Flight Centers OMB Office of Management & Budget OSTP Office of Science & Technology Policy RP Rocket Propellant Requirements Analysis Cycle 1 National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.11
- 12. SLS Roadmap: ExtensiveEngineering and Business Analyses and Planning 2009 2010 2011 ACTIVITY J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D Review of Human Space Flight (HSF) Plans Committee (Augustine Panel) Heavy Lift Launch Vehicle (HLLV) Study Heavy Lift Propulsion Technologies Study (HLPT) Human Exploration Framework Team (HEFT) and HEFT II Broad Agency Announcements (BAA) NASA/U.S. Air Force (USAF) Common Engine Study Heavy-Lift Vehicle (HLV) Analysis of Figures of Merit (FOM) Requirements Analysis Cycle (RAC) 1 SLS Mission Concept Review (MCR) Exploration Systems Development (ESD) SLS Analysis of Alternatives (AoA) Agency Integrated Architecture Decision SLS Program Planning and Budget Execution for FY13 to Agency SLS Acquisition Strategy Meeting Independent Cost Assessment Report (Booz Allen Hamilton) SLS Rolled out by NASA Administrator SLS System Requirements Review (SRR) Checkpoint Key Decision Point A (KDP A) Memo Approved ESD Cross-Program SRR “Take your time and get it right.” —Tom Gavin, Jet Propulsion Laboratory SLS Mission Concept Review, March 2011 National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.12
- 13. Many Solutions, OneAffordable Answer “This enterprise is not for the faint of heart.” —Wayne Hale, former Space Shuttle Program Manager National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.13
- 14. SLS Architecture UsesExisting and Advanced Technologies to Fly in 2017 130 t 376 ft. Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV) 70 t 318 ft. Payload Fairings 30 ft. (10 m) Launch Abort System Payload Adapter (PA) Orion Upper Stage with Interstage J-2X 27.5 ft. (8.4 m) Core Stage Engine Liquid Solid or Rocket Solid Boosters Rocket Boosters RS-25 *Notional (Space Shuttle Main Engines) *Notional concept concept INITIAL CAPABILITY, 2017–21 EVOLVED CAPABILITY, Post-2021 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Built in the U.S.A. 8096_PM Challenge.14
- 15. SLS Will Bethe Most Capable U.S. Launch Vehicle Small Medium/Intermediate Heavy Super Heavy 300’ 200’ 100’ XCOR Masten AFRL NESC Orbital Orbital ATK Orbital SpaceX ULA ULA ULA NASA NASA NASA NASA Lynx XA‐1.0 RBX MLAS AA‐2 Minotaur Athena II C Taurus Falcon Atlas V Delta IV Delta IV Space Shuttle Saturn Nova SLS Pathfinder IV & V I & II 9 & 9H 551 M H V (Concept Only) 70 t 130 t Some Proposed and Fielded U.S. Systems National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.15
- 16. Agenda ♦ Our Mandate: Deliver the Nation’s Next Human-Rated Space Transportation System ♦ How We Got Here: A Brief History of SLS ♦ Why We Will Succeed: Doing Things Differently and Expecting Different Results ♦ Questions & Answers National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.16
- 17. Environmental Snapshot ♦ Our world has changed: • The Shuttle has been retired and Constellation has ended. • Funding levels are stagnant and hampered by slow U.S. economic recovery. • NASA is relying upon commercial crew / commercial orbital transportation services (COTS) / commercial resupply services (CRS) and foreign assets to deliver human space flight capabilities during the transition. • Programs must evolve as deliberately agile and lean organizations in order to survive. ♦ In a resource-constrained environment: • New initiatives must fit within our resource envelope (e.g., budget, workforce, facilities). ♦ An opportunity to do things differently: • The Space Launch System Program is focusing on delivering maximum value for the American taxpayers’ investment, within well-defined constraints and requirements. Time to Reconsider Our Approach National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.17
- 18. Design, Develop, Test,& Evaluation (DDT&E) Budget Typical Budget SLS Budget Curve Reflects Ramp-up for Using Existing Assets and Hardware Development Hardware in Development DDT&E DDT&E Cost Cost T S O C T S O C Time Time Sustainability Through Life-Cycle Affordability National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.18
- 19. Assets in Inventoryand Testing in Progress First Flight 2017 National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.19
- 20. Building on HeritageHardware and Facilities J-2X Engine Test Firing/Space Payloads Orion Integration Composite Structures Shuttle Main Engine Testing Goddard Space Flight Center Johnson Space Center Glenn Research Center Stennis Space Center Ground and Physics-Based Launch Operations Analysis Kennedy Space Center Ames Research Center Manufacturing Upper Stage J-2X Engine Wind Tunnel Standing Review Team and Transportation Injector Firing Testing Jet Propulsion Laboratory Michoud Assembly Facility Marshall Space Flight Center Langley Research Center Smartly Selecting the Most Efficient Infrastructure National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.20
- 21. Merging Design andOperations Cultures Marshall Workforce Supporting SLS Other 14% Operations Ares 40% Shuttle Development Other 46% Support A Learning Organization Dedicated to Doing Things Differently National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.21
- 22. The Real Costof Launch Vehicle Development ♦ Affordability requirements demand that we develop Flight the SLS in a faster and hardware more efficient manner, including the decision- making process. ♦ We cannot afford Other costs: to delay decisions … workforce, infrastructure, or to delay getting processes, etc. behind them! Image is from Google Images Time Is The One Resource That We Can Never Regain National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.22
- 23. SLS Affordability Beginswith Accountability Evolvable Development Approach Risk-Informed Government • Manage requirements within constrained, flat budgets. Insight/Oversight Model • Leverage existing National capabilities, including LOX/LH2 propulsion • Insight based on: infrastructure, manufacturing facilities, and and launch sites. ‒ Historic failures. • Infuse new design solutions for affordability. ‒ Industry partner past performance Robust Designs and Margins and gaps. • Trade performance for cost and schedule. ‒ Complexity and design challenges. • Use heritage hardware and manufacturing solutions. • Judicious oversight: • Maintain adequate management reserves controlled at lower levels. ‒ Discrete vs. near-continuous oversight. ‒ Timely and effective decisions. Right-Sized Documentation and Standards • Up to 80% reduction in the number of Data Requirement (DR) and Program documents from the Ares Projects. • Industry practices and tailored NASA standards. Lean, Integrated Teams with Accelerated Decision Making • Simple, clear technical interfaces with contractors. • Integrated Systems Engineering & Integration (SE&I) organization. • Empowered decision makers at all levels. • Fewer Control Boards and streamlined change process. Affordability: The ability to develop and operate the SLS within the National means, National Aeronautics and Space Administration to sustain funding for the Program. 8096_PM Challenge.23
- 24. Cost is aFunction of Performance 100% Extreme requirements drive up costs by 215%. Good ROI Performance Question: Is a 14% increase in maximum speed (performance) worth a 215% increase in cost? Question: Is a 34% increase in 0 – 60 mph acceleration (performance) worth a 215% increase in cost? Investment Porsche 911 Carrera Porsche 911 Turbo Porsche 911 GT2 RS — Source: Porsche website Cylinders 6 Cylinders 6 Cylinders 6 Engine layout Rear Engine layout Rear Engine layout Rear Performance 180 mph Performance 195 mph Performance 205 mph 0-60 mph 4.7 sec 0-60 mph 3.5 sec 0-60 mph 3.4 sec MSRP $77,800 MSRP $160,700 MSRP $245,000 Horsepower 345 Horsepower 530 Horsepower 620 We Will Factor the Real Cost into Our Decisions National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.24
- 25. SLS Deliverables ♦ Reduced number of deliverables. ♦ More Type 3, 4 and 5’s (which do not require Government approval). ♦ Less Type 1 and 2’s (which do require Government approval). ♦ Contractor’s format acceptable. ♦ Electronic access to soft copies. # of Deliverables 1 2 3 4 5 Data Type Focuses on Data Content and Access National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.25
- 26. Risk-Based Insight ♦ Based on vehicle risk and historic failures, concentrate/augment insight in key areas: • Risk-informed Concentration ‒ Propulsion ‒ Guidance, Navigation, Guidance and Navigation and Control (GN&C) Propulsion Systems 13% ‒ Avionics 54% Software and ‒ Software Computing Systems 9% ‒ Electrical Electrical ‒ Crew Systems Systems ‒ Separation Systems 9% Operational Structures Ordnance 6% • Nominal Concentration 6% ‒ Power and Thermal ‒ Structures ‒ Mission Operations Pneumatics ‒ Ground Operations and Hydraulics 3% ‒ Probabilistic ‒ Environmental Control and Life Support 1980 – 2007 Worldwide Launch Failure Causes Source: FAA Launch Vehicle Failure Mode Database, May 2007 Discipline Experts and Systems Engineering Team National Aeronautics and Space Administration Comprise the Government Sustaining Insight Team 8096_PM Challenge.26
- 27. Planning Programmatic Content to Deliver Incremental Capability Dec 6, 1998 Like ISS, the SLS is a long-term commitment to America’s future in space. National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.27
- 28. Driving in Complexity:The Path to Extinction National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.28
- 29. Summary ♦ SLS is a national capability that empowers entirely new exploration missions. ♦ Program key tenets are safety, affordability, and sustainability. ♦ SLS builds on a solid foundation of experience and current capabilities to enable a fast start and a flexible heavy-lift capacity for missions of national importance. ♦ The SLS acquisition will help U.S. aerospace industry stay strong as it develops initial capabilities, as well as provide competitive opportunities for advanced technologies for evolvable capabilities. ♦ The road ahead promises to be an exciting journey for current and future generations. National Aeronautics and Space Administration 8096_PM Challenge.29
- 30. For More Information www.nasa.gov/sls