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![Customer Services
Load on bearings and tyres
Numbers can change, depending on the kiln
calculations which will be stated in the final report
Bearings
Utilization Bending stress Hertz pressure
(design limit: ≤ 100%) (design limit: ≤ 60 N/mm2
) (design limit: ≤ 550 N/mm2
)
[%] [N/mm
2
] [N/mm
2
]
I 89 57 540
II 84 52 520
III 91 58 545
Consequences for bearings and tyres
(as measured)
Support
No.
Tyres](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-5-2048.jpg)
![Customer Services
Do
D <
Do
D >
Do
ω = 0
Tyre Migration
The tyre migration is acceptable for all piers.
Numbers can change, depending on the kiln
calculations which will be stated in the final report
2012 Present
Relative
ovality, ωrel
Tangential
bending
stress
Relative
ovality, ωrel
Tangential
bending
stress
[%] [N/mm
2
] [%] [N/mm
2
]
I 3 15 0.30 23 0.27 19
II 1 12 0.26 21 0.24 19
III 11 12 0.29 24 0.25 18
Tyre migration - Ovality
Tyre
No.
Tyre migration
measurements
At the tyre migration
measured
At optimum tyre
migration of 10 mm/rev.
[mm/rev.]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-8-2048.jpg)
![Customer Services
FLS-Rollers
max. ± 0.15 mm
Transducer
Recorder
Kiln cranck
Left-hand roller Right-hand roller
[± mm] [± mm]
I 0,01 0,02
II 0,01 0,02
III 0,02 0,02
Supporting roller shaft deflections
Support No.
There is no indication of a crank in the kiln.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-10-2048.jpg)
![Customer Services
Kiln shell profile analysis
Position Throw Angel Position Throw Angel Position Throw Angel
[mm] [± mm] [deg] [mm] [± mm] [deg] [mm] [± mm] [deg]
1000 3.8 287 30000 1.5 7 57500 2.6 193
3000 2.8 292 32500 1.3 121 60000 2.7 190
6200 1.3 227 35000 2.3 84 62500 2.7 263
7200 T1 37000 2.8 101 65000 4.3 241
8200 1.9 137 38000 T2 66800 2.1 249
10000 2.0 151 39000 0.5 129 70200 1.4 293
12500 4.9 96 42000 3.1 244 72000 1.5 284
15000 4.5 71 43000 3.8 288 74000 0.1 216
17500 4.3 62 45000 1.1 264 75000 T3
20000 2.2 48 47500 0.7 355 76000 0.6 142
22500 1.4 97 50000 1.0 115 79000 2.2 105
25000 1.3 112 52500 2.4 143 82000 5.8 137
27500 1.5 65 55000 3.8 118 84000 8.8 139
Throw of kiln shell
The measured throw of kiln shell is acceptable
and no big deformations of the shell was found.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-11-2048.jpg)
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Left roller Right roller Left roller Right roller [bar]
I Uphill Uphill 3.5 2.3
II Uphill Uphill 3.0 2.5 *
III Uphill Uphill 2.0 0.5
Evaluation of axial thrust
Support
No.
Direction of thrust
Temperature difference
between thrust face and
journal
*)
Thrust
device
pressure
[°C]
The axial balance of the kiln is acceptable
Axial balance pressent situation](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-13-2048.jpg)
![Customer Services
Outlet
Right RollerLeft Roller
CInlet
COutlet
Bearing 4
Bearing 3 Bearing 2
Bearing 1
Outlet side Inlet side
[mm] [mm]
I 4388 4391 4391
II 4616 4628 4629
III 4360 4374 4375
Supporting rollers - Centre distances
Support No.
Present
Designed
[mm]
The difference in center distances is acceptable which
also is indicated by the axial balance
Center distances](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-14-2048.jpg)
![Customer Services
Outlet side Inlet side Outlet side Inlet side
I C 70 70 0 20
II C 60 60 20 0
III C 60 60 0 5
Side guides - Wear
Support
No.
Type
Side guide width Clearance
[mm] [mm]
Side guides
The wear of side guides and clearance is
acceptable.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-15-2048.jpg)
![Customer Services
Wobbling
Standard: max. +/-1
mm
Wobbling of tyres
Trans
ducer
Tyre
throw
Co
mpu
ter
Tyre I 1,8
Tyre II 0,4
Tyre III 0,9
Tyre throw [± mm]
The throw of tyre I is too high.
The throw of tyre at pier II and III
are acceptable.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-16-2048.jpg)
![Customer Services
Rollers Inclination
Upper
limit
Measured
Lower
limit
Upper
limit
Measured
Lower
limit
I 3,980 4,035 4,000 4,000 4,025 4,020
II 3,980 4,003 4,000 4,000 4,010 4,020
III 3,980 4,020 4,000 4,000 4,035 4,020
Inclination of tyre and supporting rollers [%]
Support
No.
Left-hand roller Right-hand roller
The inclination of supporting rollers is
acceptable.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-17-2048.jpg)
![Customer Services
Shims under bearings
Shims
Bearing 1 Bearing 2 Bearing 3 Bearing 4
I 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
II 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
III 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
Thickness of shims [mm]
(existing)
Support
No.
Right-hand roller Left-hand roller
Bearing 1 Bearing 2 Bearing 3 Bearing 4
I 1,0
II
III 0,6 0,7
Thickness of shims [mm]
(to be installed/removed)
Support
No.
Right-hand roller Left-hand roller](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-18-2048.jpg)
![Wobbling of gear rim
Axial limits:
+/- 0.75 mm (old kilns)
+/- 0.50 mm (new kilns)
Axial throw [± mm] 0,7
Radial throw [± mm] 1,6
Girth gear throw The axial throw of the GG is
acceptable.
The radial throw of GG is
acceptable.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-20-2048.jpg)
![Customer Services
Tyres-Diameters
Original value
Temperature
measured
[ºC]
Diameter [mm]
at temperature
measured
Diameter [mm]
at 20ºC
Diameter [mm]
at 20ºC
I 124 6914 6905 6904
II 134 6999 6989 6904
III 148 6904 6893 6904
Tyre No.
Tyres - Temperatures and diameters
Measurements taken during the inspection](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-25-2048.jpg)
![Customer Services
Rollers diameters
Original value
Support
No.
Temperature
measured
[ºC]
Diameter [mm]
at temperature
measured
Diameter [mm]
at 20ºC
Diameter [mm]
at 20ºC
Left 64 1803 1802 1800
Right 67 1802 1801 1800
Left 70 2204 2203 1800
Right 76 2204 2202 1800
Left 83 1803 1802 1800
Right 74 1802 1801 1800
I
II
Supporting rollers - Temperatures and diameters
Measurements taken during the inspection
III](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-26-2048.jpg)
![Customer Services
Position of Tyres on Supporting
Rollers
W
R
W
TS
1
S
2
S3S
4
W
R
Width of
supporting
roller (WR)
Width of
tyre (WT)
S1 S2 S3 S4 [mm] [mm]
I 160 160 160 160 1000 680
II 90 100 100 90 1100 910
III 145 155 155 145 1000 700
Positions of tyres on supporting rollers
Positions of tyres [mm]
Support
No.
The position of tyres on supporting rollers is
acceptable.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-27-2048.jpg)
![Customer Services
Temperatur kiln shell
High Low Difference High Low Difference
I 257 247 10 253 235 18
II 281 253 28 265 250 15
III 255 240 15 270 255 15
Kiln shell temperatures [ºC]
Tyre No.
Inlet side Outlet side
There is no indication of a thermal crank in the
kiln.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kilnaxis-160317105045/75/Kiln-axis-28-2048.jpg)
More Related Content
Kiln axis
- 1.
- 2.
- 3.
- 4. Customer Services Kiln Axis- Results 0 0 0 0 0 0
- 5. Customer Services Load onbearings and tyres Numbers can change, depending on the kiln calculations which will be stated in the final report Bearings Utilization Bending stress Hertz pressure (design limit: ≤ 100%) (design limit: ≤ 60 N/mm2 ) (design limit: ≤ 550 N/mm2 ) [%] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] I 89 57 540 II 84 52 520 III 91 58 545 Consequences for bearings and tyres (as measured) Support No. Tyres
- 6. Customer Services Kiln Axis RecommendedCorrections It is not recommended to adjust the kiln axis
- 7. Customer Services Stiffness Matrix Numbers canchange, depending on the kiln calculations which will be stated in the final report Support No. I II III I -4 6 -4 II 8 -10 8 III -4 5 -4 by lowering a support by 10 mm) Stiffness matrix (change of reaction in %
- 8. Customer Services Do D < Do D> Do ω = 0 Tyre Migration The tyre migration is acceptable for all piers. Numbers can change, depending on the kiln calculations which will be stated in the final report 2012 Present Relative ovality, ωrel Tangential bending stress Relative ovality, ωrel Tangential bending stress [%] [N/mm 2 ] [%] [N/mm 2 ] I 3 15 0.30 23 0.27 19 II 1 12 0.26 21 0.24 19 III 11 12 0.29 24 0.25 18 Tyre migration - Ovality Tyre No. Tyre migration measurements At the tyre migration measured At optimum tyre migration of 10 mm/rev. [mm/rev.]
- 9. Customer Services Bending stressesin kiln shell
- 10. Customer Services FLS-Rollers max. ±0.15 mm Transducer Recorder Kiln cranck Left-hand roller Right-hand roller [± mm] [± mm] I 0,01 0,02 II 0,01 0,02 III 0,02 0,02 Supporting roller shaft deflections Support No. There is no indication of a crank in the kiln.
- 11. Customer Services Kiln shellprofile analysis Position Throw Angel Position Throw Angel Position Throw Angel [mm] [± mm] [deg] [mm] [± mm] [deg] [mm] [± mm] [deg] 1000 3.8 287 30000 1.5 7 57500 2.6 193 3000 2.8 292 32500 1.3 121 60000 2.7 190 6200 1.3 227 35000 2.3 84 62500 2.7 263 7200 T1 37000 2.8 101 65000 4.3 241 8200 1.9 137 38000 T2 66800 2.1 249 10000 2.0 151 39000 0.5 129 70200 1.4 293 12500 4.9 96 42000 3.1 244 72000 1.5 284 15000 4.5 71 43000 3.8 288 74000 0.1 216 17500 4.3 62 45000 1.1 264 75000 T3 20000 2.2 48 47500 0.7 355 76000 0.6 142 22500 1.4 97 50000 1.0 115 79000 2.2 105 25000 1.3 112 52500 2.4 143 82000 5.8 137 27500 1.5 65 55000 3.8 118 84000 8.8 139 Throw of kiln shell The measured throw of kiln shell is acceptable and no big deformations of the shell was found.
- 12. Customer Services The idealsituationThe ideal situationThe ideal situationThe ideal situation Thrust roller 70 % - Supporting rollers 30 % Axial balance of the kiln
- 13. Customer Services Left rollerRight roller Left roller Right roller [bar] I Uphill Uphill 3.5 2.3 II Uphill Uphill 3.0 2.5 * III Uphill Uphill 2.0 0.5 Evaluation of axial thrust Support No. Direction of thrust Temperature difference between thrust face and journal *) Thrust device pressure [°C] The axial balance of the kiln is acceptable Axial balance pressent situation
- 14. Customer Services Outlet Right RollerLeftRoller CInlet COutlet Bearing 4 Bearing 3 Bearing 2 Bearing 1 Outlet side Inlet side [mm] [mm] I 4388 4391 4391 II 4616 4628 4629 III 4360 4374 4375 Supporting rollers - Centre distances Support No. Present Designed [mm] The difference in center distances is acceptable which also is indicated by the axial balance Center distances
- 15. Customer Services Outlet sideInlet side Outlet side Inlet side I C 70 70 0 20 II C 60 60 20 0 III C 60 60 0 5 Side guides - Wear Support No. Type Side guide width Clearance [mm] [mm] Side guides The wear of side guides and clearance is acceptable.
- 16. Customer Services Wobbling Standard: max.+/-1 mm Wobbling of tyres Trans ducer Tyre throw Co mpu ter Tyre I 1,8 Tyre II 0,4 Tyre III 0,9 Tyre throw [± mm] The throw of tyre I is too high. The throw of tyre at pier II and III are acceptable.
- 17. Customer Services Rollers Inclination Upper limit Measured Lower limit Upper limit Measured Lower limit I3,980 4,035 4,000 4,000 4,025 4,020 II 3,980 4,003 4,000 4,000 4,010 4,020 III 3,980 4,020 4,000 4,000 4,035 4,020 Inclination of tyre and supporting rollers [%] Support No. Left-hand roller Right-hand roller The inclination of supporting rollers is acceptable.
- 18. Customer Services Shims underbearings Shims Bearing 1 Bearing 2 Bearing 3 Bearing 4 I 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 II 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 III 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 Thickness of shims [mm] (existing) Support No. Right-hand roller Left-hand roller Bearing 1 Bearing 2 Bearing 3 Bearing 4 I 1,0 II III 0,6 0,7 Thickness of shims [mm] (to be installed/removed) Support No. Right-hand roller Left-hand roller
- 19. Customer Services Rollers Profiles Support No. LeftStraight Right Straight Left Straight Right Straight Left Concave 1mm III Right Concave 2mm * Condition of rolling surfaces Supporting rollers Tyres I Straight II Straight The condition of rolling surfaces is acceptable
- 20. Wobbling of gearrim Axial limits: +/- 0.75 mm (old kilns) +/- 0.50 mm (new kilns) Axial throw [± mm] 0,7 Radial throw [± mm] 1,6 Girth gear throw The axial throw of the GG is acceptable. The radial throw of GG is acceptable.
- 21. Customer Services Clearance Left sideRight side The clearance between girth gear and pinions is acceptable.
- 22. Customer Services Pinion temperature gradient 1/2 L1/4 L Center 1/4 L 1/2 L Temperature Temp. Diff. Temperatur gradient of left pinion 1/2 L 1/4 L Center 1/4 L 1/2 L Temperature Temp. Diff. Temperatur gradient of right pinion It is not possible to measure the temperature gradient of pinions because of fixed tubes on the lub. System.
- 23. Customer Services Girth gear Thecondition of GG is acceptable, but pittings at the inlet side of GG could indicates a misalignment between GG and pinions.
- 24. Customer Services Pinion Right Left Thecondition of pinions seems acceptable.
- 25. Customer Services Tyres-Diameters Original value Temperature measured [ºC] Diameter[mm] at temperature measured Diameter [mm] at 20ºC Diameter [mm] at 20ºC I 124 6914 6905 6904 II 134 6999 6989 6904 III 148 6904 6893 6904 Tyre No. Tyres - Temperatures and diameters Measurements taken during the inspection
- 26. Customer Services Rollers diameters Originalvalue Support No. Temperature measured [ºC] Diameter [mm] at temperature measured Diameter [mm] at 20ºC Diameter [mm] at 20ºC Left 64 1803 1802 1800 Right 67 1802 1801 1800 Left 70 2204 2203 1800 Right 76 2204 2202 1800 Left 83 1803 1802 1800 Right 74 1802 1801 1800 I II Supporting rollers - Temperatures and diameters Measurements taken during the inspection III
- 27. Customer Services Position ofTyres on Supporting Rollers W R W TS 1 S 2 S3S 4 W R Width of supporting roller (WR) Width of tyre (WT) S1 S2 S3 S4 [mm] [mm] I 160 160 160 160 1000 680 II 90 100 100 90 1100 910 III 145 155 155 145 1000 700 Positions of tyres on supporting rollers Positions of tyres [mm] Support No. The position of tyres on supporting rollers is acceptable.
- 28. Customer Services Temperatur kilnshell High Low Difference High Low Difference I 257 247 10 253 235 18 II 281 253 28 265 250 15 III 255 240 15 270 255 15 Kiln shell temperatures [ºC] Tyre No. Inlet side Outlet side There is no indication of a thermal crank in the kiln.
- 29. Customer Services Temperatur bearingpier I RightLeft 4 23 1 52 44.2 49.7 43 46.5 52 44.5 48.5 43 47.5
- 30. Customer Services Temperatur bearingpier II RightLeft 4 23 1 55 46 52.5 46 49 55 46 52 45 49.5
- 31. Customer Services Temperatur bearingpier III RightLeft 4 23 1 54.5 45 54 44 51 60.5 48.5 58.5 47 52.5
- 32. Customer Services Lubrication ofbearings Pier II-III Pier I
- 33. Customer Services Thrust Rollers- Alignment 2188 2187 4375 Difference in centre distance Measured distance left side Measured distance right side Difference in centre distance The position of thrust roller is acceptable
- 34. Customer Services Contact betweenThrust Rollers and tyre 90 % ? Bar
- 35. Customer Services Thrust Rollers- Surface The surface of thrust roller and thrust face is acceptable.
- 36. Customer Services Foundations Difference inheight between the foundations Pier I Pier II Pier III outlet Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Inlet Orginal 2020 2020 0 0 0 0 Measured -2019.7 -2020.1 0.7 1.1 0.1 0 Accumulated change -0.3 -0.4 0.3 1.4 1.5 1.5
- 37. Customer Services Inlet /outlet seal The condition of inlet and outlet seal is acceptable.