This document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) and how they can be used in a performance management system. It defines KPIs as quantifiable measures of an organization's performance in certain business areas. Examples are provided to illustrate how to identify objectives, KPIs, targets, owners, and timelines. A value flow analysis model is presented to show how inputs, processes, outputs, and outcomes are related. Careful selection of KPIs is important to indicate value generation across these elements.