Downloaded 247 times
More Related Content
Land Use models
- 1. Land Use ModelsLandUse Models AP Human Geography
- 2. What do wealways say aboutWhat do we always say about models?models? Most importantly – they are just models Models only represent patterns in space The landscape does NOT look exactly like the model Models are thus representations of the landscape to help better understand patterns
- 3. Agricultural Land UseModelAgricultural Land Use Model
- 4. VON THUNEN MODELVONTHUNEN MODEL
- 5. The MODELThe MODEL TheVon Thunen model of agricultural land use was created by farmer and amateur economist J.H. Von Thunen (1783-1850) in 1826 Von Thunen's model was created before industrialization and is based on the following limiting assumptions:
- 6. THE MODELTHE MODEL Thecity is located centrally within an "Isolated State" which is self sufficient and has no external influences. The Isolated State is surrounded by an unoccupied wilderness. The land of the State is completely flat and has no rivers or mountains to interrupt the terrain.
- 7. MOVEMENTMOVEMENT The soil qualityand climate are consistent throughout the State. Farmers in the Isolated State transport their own goods to market via oxcart, across land, directly to the central city. Therefore, there are no roads. Farmers act to maximize profits.
- 8. RINGY DINGY!RINGY DINGY! Inan Isolated State with the foregoing statements being true, Von Thunen hypothesized that a pattern of rings around the city would develop.
- 9. There are fourrings of agricultural activity surrounding the city. Dairying and intensive farming occur in the ring closest to the city. Since vegetables, fruit, milk and other dairy products must get to market quickly, they would be produced close to the city (remember, we didn't have refrigerated oxcarts!)
- 10.
- 11. LAND USE MODELLANDUSE MODEL Von Thunen’s regional land use model is the oldest. It was initially developed in the early 19th century (1826) for the analysis of agricultural land use patterns in Germany. It used the concept of economic rent to explain a spatial organization where different agricultural activities are competing for the usage of land. The underlying principles of this model have been the foundation of many others where economic considerations, namely land rent and distance- decay, are incorporated. The core assumption of the model is that agricultural land use is patterned in the form of concentric circles around a market Many concordances of this model with reality have been found, notably in North America.
- 12. Urban Land UseModelsUrban Land Use Models
- 13. Three Classic Urban Models OtherUrban Models
- 14. Burgess Concentric ZoneModelBurgess Concentric Zone Modelhttp://www.lgfl.net/lgfl/leas/barnet/accounts/migration/web/Land%20Use/documents/burgess-re-done.jpghttp://www.lgfl.net/lgfl/leas/barnet/accounts/migration/web/Land%20Use/documents/burgess-re-done.jpg
- 15. Characteristics of ConcentricZoneCharacteristics of Concentric Zoneen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Burgessen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Burgess Burgess studied 1920s Chicago to make this model 5 concentric zones Burgess suggested that immigrants lived in inner zones which caused affluent residents to move further out Concentric Zone’s weakness is that it does not allow for change in the city Concentric Zone does not allow for physical geographic barriers
- 16. Or, how aboutthis?Or, how about this?
- 17. Hoyt Sector ModelHoytSector Model
- 18. Hoyt Sector ModelHoytSector Model Late 1930s Answered the drawbacks of Burgess Model Hoyt said growth created pie-shaped urban structure Hoyt said his pie-shaped zones could reach from the Core (CBD) to the edge of the city (e.g. low rent sector 3 from CBD to outskirt of city) Sector Model says that the CBD is not as important as Burgess indicated Sectors were developed along transport routes (e.g. highways, RRs, etc.)
- 19. Or, how aboutthis?Or, how about this?
- 20. Harris & Ullman– Multiple NucleiHarris & Ullman – Multiple Nucleihttp://teacherweb.ftl.pinecrest.edu/snyderd/APHGhttp://teacherweb.ftl.pinecrest.edu/snyderd/APHG
- 21. Multiple NucleiMultiple Nuclei 1940s Harris & Ullman hypothesized the CBD was further losing its dominance CBD no longer the nucleus of the modern city, thus emergence of ‘nuclei’ Reflects decentralization and nucleation of urban functions Nuclei are disconnected and do not necessarily rely on each other
- 22. Or, how aboutthis?Or, how about this?
- 23. Let’s look atall three nowLet’s look at all three nowwww.csiss.orgwww.csiss.org
- 24. Urban Realms ModelUrbanRealms Modelwww.csiss.orgwww.csiss.org Hartshorn and Mueller 1980s Modeled after cities like Atlanta and Los Angeles Further metamorphosis of multiple nuclei
- 25. World Urban ModelsWorldUrban Models www.macalester.edu/.../amartin/urbanstruct.htmlwww.macalester.edu/.../amartin/urbanstruct.html www.macalester.edu/.../tsadowy/Jabotek.htmlwww.macalester.edu/.../tsadowy/Jabotek.html
- 26. Let’s look atall three nowLet’s look at all three now