Languages of pakistan
- 4. • Introduction • The demographic • The language • Percentage of population • The language in education • Summary • Conclusion • Thanksgivings CONTENTS
- 5. Through language we can communicate Islam to others, we can learn about Science Subject, problems of Education, Community member of Islamic Society and discus about dear Pakistan we can achieve , we can learn. By the language we can learn about dear Pakistan from Sir GM. • This research describes that • The demographic • The language • Percentage of population • The language in education • Summary • Conclusion • Thanksgivings. • The conclusion of this discussion is that language is frequently successful, that it does help children in their educational careers and that it may actually be counterproductive. Clear arguments for wanting to acquire competence in English English is seen as a formal requirement for admission to the civil service or to some other form of employment; English thus has a gate keeping role.
- 6. Pakistan’s population is large and growing rapidly. But it is unclear exactly how large the population actually is, The population of Pakistan is not only very large but it is also very young.
- 7. Urdu is Pakistan’s national language whilst English has the status of ‘official language’. there are believed to be 72 living languages in the country, not including English. The numbers of speakers of these language range from the tiny Aer language (150 speakers) and Gowro language (200 speakers) up to Western Panjabi with nearly 61 million speakers (38% of the population). It is important to note that Urdu, the national language, comes in fourth place among the languages with the largest number of speakers; fewer than 7% of the population have Urdu as their first language. Individual languages with over 1,000,000 first language speakers in Pakistan
- 8. Numbers of speakers of larger languages Language 2008 estimate 1998 census Areas of Predominance 1 Punjabi 76,367,360 44.17% 58,433,431 44.15% Punjab 2 Pashto 26,692,890 15.44% 20,408,621 15.42% Khyber-Pukhtunkhwa 3 Sindhi 24,410,910 14.12% 18,661,571 14.10% Rural Sindh 4 Saraiki 18,019,610 10.42% 13,936,594 10.53% Southern Punjab 5 Urdu 13,120,540 7.59% 10,019,576 7.57% Urban Sindh 6 Balochi 6,204,540 3.59% 4,724,871 3.57% Baluchistan
- 9. Pakistan’s language in education policy has evolved since independence in 1947 English is widely recognized that the primary function of teaching English in schools in Pakistan is to prepare pupils for examinations. English opens doors to higher levels of learning and to employment opportunities. English is a major barrier to entry to white collar jobs. English is very important for social mobility and entry to quality education. English is essential for admission to government service. Another interviewee, from Islamabad, said, ‘The common people don’t use English.
- 10. generally speaking and no single language can be said to be common to the whole population. Urdu language has a common base, in its literary form Urdu emphasizes words of Persian and Arabic origin. Urdu is written in a modified version of the Persian script (written from right to left
- 11. The 1973 Constitution, however, designated a 15-year transition period to the Urdu language, after which English would no longer be used for official purposes. with the respective regional language. It originated during the Mughal period (1526- 1858) and it literally means “a camp language”, because it was spoken by the imperial Mughal troops the official language of the Mughal administration. Ultimately Urdu attained its stylized, literary form in the 17th and 18th centuries. The literary language Urdu arose from colloquial Hindustani before partition. Urdu symbolizes Muslim's shared identity and serves as a link among the people of Pakistan. After independence, the Muslim League (as the All-India Muslim League was usually referred to) promoted Urdu as the national language to help a new Pakistan state develop an identity, even though few people actually spoke it. English became the de facto national language. Urdu was unpopular in East Pakistan.
- 12. Summary • Pakistan’s schools fall into four categories. Private elite schools are English medium. • Urdu, spoken as a first language by 7% of the population, is the national language • Since independence – indeed since the 19th century – English has been the language • Early years education must be provided in a child’s home language. • A strategy for supporting the learning and teaching of English in Pakistan • A top priority action is to contribute to the development of a national language in education. This should include awareness raising regarding the importance of mother tongue education in the early years of schooling. Experience elsewhere, particularly Southeast Asia and the UK, should be drawn upon.
- 13. Conclusion The strategy proposed in this report derives from an analysis of the complex context in which English language teaching in Pakistan takes place. English cannot be considered in a vacuum but must be examined in its broader social and educational environment. Furthermore, it suggests that there are ethical implications to the development of a strategy for English and that these implications cannot be ignored. The approach proposed here, then, is not concerned with ‘reaching the largest number’ of learners, teachers or other stakeholders, nor does it strain itself to maximise British ‘global products’. Rather, it seeks to identify how the most valuable contribution to the development of Pakistan can be made. If an agency succeeds in having some impact on the national policy on language in education in general and on the English language strategy which will form part of that policy, it may not be possible to quantify that impact.