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Laser in paediatric dentistry
Lasers convert electrical or chemical energy into light energy. There are several types of dental lasers including CO2 lasers (wavelength 10.6 μm) used for soft tissue procedures. Nd:YAG lasers (wavelength 1.06 μm) are similar to CO2 lasers but can penetrate deeper, risking collateral damage. Er:YAG lasers (wavelength 2.94 μm) are used for caries removal and cavity preparation while protecting the pulp due to low penetration. Argon lasers (wavelength 457-502 nm) are used for resin curing, bleaching, and soft tissue procedures. The wavelength determines tissue absorption and penetration depth, affecting the thermal effects on tissues.
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Laser in paediatric dentistry
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- 3. It is adevice that converts electrical/chemical energy into light energy PROPERTIES OF LASER: 1. MONOCHROMATIC: Characterized by radiation in which all waves are of same wave length and frequency.
- 4. 2.COLLIMATED: All the emittedwaves are parallel, and beam of divergence is very low. 3.COHERENT: All the waves going in one precise direction. 4.EFFICENCY
- 8. 1.CARBON DIOXIDE LASERS: WAVELENGTH: 10.6 micro meter USES: a. soft tissue incision b. gingival troughing c. aesthetic contouring of Gingiva d.Treatment of oral ulcers Frenectomy , gingevectomy
- 9. 2.Nd :YAG LASERS NEODYMIUM:YTTRIUMALUMINIUMGARNET WAVE LENGTH: 10.64 micrometer. USES: A . It is similar to the co2 lasers b. It is used for removal of incipient caries but bcz of depth of penetration there is greater risk of collateral damage in comparison to co2
- 10. The wave lengthof the light is primary determinant of the degree to which the target material absorbs light. The deeper the laser energy penetrates, the more it scatters and distributes throughout the tissue. e.g: co2 laser penetrates0.01 – 0.03 mm into the tissue , while nd : yag laser penetrates 2- 5mm.
- 11. <The light fromdental lasers is absorbed and converted to heat while the thermal effects depend on the tissue composition and the time the beam is focused on the target tissue < the increase in temperature may cause the tissue to change in structure and composition.
- 12. 3. ErYAG LASERS ERBIUM:YTTRIUM ALUMINIUM GARNET WAVE LENGTH : 2.94 micrometer USES: a. caries removal b. Cavity preparation in both enamel and dentine c. Preparation of root canals
- 13. ADVANTAGES OF ERBIUMYAGLASERS a. It result in clean sharp margins in enamel and dentine b. The pulp is protected and safe as the depth of energy penetration is negligible c. Patients report little or no pain with the use of erbium laser in cavity prep d. Time taken for cavity preparation is short
- 14. DISADVANTAGE OF ERBIUMYAGLASER A. cost b. High additional training and education is required to implement the procedure c. Irradiation of sound enamel .
- 15. 4. ARGON LASERS: WAVELENGTH:457-502nm USES: a. Resin curing b. Tooth bleaching c. Treatment of ulcers d. Aesthetic gingival contouring e. Frenectomy and gingvectomy
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