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Laurie baker-ppt (1)
- 1. LAURIE BAKERLAURIE BAKER British-bornIndian architectBritish-born Indian architect •He worked in India for over 50 years •He obtained Indian citizenship in 1989 and resided in Trivandrum, Kerala. •In 1990, the Government of India awarded him with the Padma Shri in recognition of his meritorious service in the field of architecture. •Baker studied architecture in Birmingham and graduated in 1937. (March 2March 2,, 19171917 –– April 1April 1,, 20072007) • Worked as an architect for an international and interdenominational Mission dedicated to the care of those suffering from leprosy. • Focused on converting or replacing asylums once used to house the ostracized sufferers of the disease - "lepers". • Used indigenous architecture and methods of these places as means to deal with his once daunting problems. Contribution to IndiaContribution to India
- 2. Initial work • Bakerlived in Kerala with Doctor P.J. Chandy, while Laurie continued his architectural work and research accommodating the medical needs of the community through his constructions of various hospitals and clinics. • Baker sought to enrich the culture in which he participated by promoting simplicity and home-grown quality in his buildings. • His emphasis on cost-conscious construction, • An ideal that the Mahatma expressed as the only means to revitalize and liberate an impoverished India • Baker sought to enrich the culture in which he participated by promoting simplicity and home-grown quality in his buildings. • His emphasis on cost-conscious construction, • An ideal that the Mahatma expressed as the only means to revitalize and liberate an impoverished India • Baker was often seen rummaging through salvage heaps looking for suitable building materials, door and window frames. • Baker's architectural method is of improvisation. • Initial drawings have only an idealistic link to the final construction, with most of the accommodations and design choices being made on-site by the architect himself • His respect for nature led him to let the idiosyncrasies of a site inform his architectural improvisations, rarely is a topography line marred or a tree uprooted. • This saves construction cost as well, since working around difficult site conditions is much more cost- effective than clear-cutting • His responsiveness to never-identical site conditions quite obviously allowed for the variegation that permeates his work.
- 3. Architectural style • Designingand building low cost, high quality, beautiful homes • Suited to or built for lower-middle to lower class clients. • Irregular, pyramid-like structures on roofs, with one side left open and tilting into the wind. • Baker's designs invariably have traditional Indian sloping roofs and terracotta Mangalore tile shingling with gables and vents allowing rising hot air to escape. • Curved walls to enclose more volume at lower material cost than straight walls. • Baker created a cooling system by placing a high, latticed, brick wall near a pond that uses air pressure differences to draw cool air through the building
- 4. LOW COST CONSTRUCTION Fillerslab Jack Arch • 20-35% Less materials • Decorative, Economical & Reduced self- load • Almost maintenance free • 25-30% Cost Reduction • Energy saving & Eco-Friendly compressive roofing. • Decorative & Highly Economical • Maintenance free
- 5. Masonry Dome •Energy savingeco-friendly compressive roof. •Decorative & Highly Economical for larges spans. •Maintenance free Funnicular shell • Energy saving eco-friendly compressive roof. • Decorative & Economical • Maintenance free LOW COST CONSTRUCTION
- 6. Masonry Arches • Traditionalspanning system. • Highly decorative & economical • Less energy requirement. LOW COST CONSTRUCTION
- 7. Awards • 1981: D.Littconferred by the Royal University of Netherlands for outstanding work in the Third World • 1983: Order of the British Empire, MBE • 1987: Received the first Indian National Habitat Award • 1988: Received Indian Citizenship • 1989: Indian Institute of Architects Outstanding Architect of the Year • 1990: Received the Padma Sri • 1990: Great Master Architect of the Year • 1992: UNO Habitat Award & UN Roll of Honour • 1993: International Union of Architects (IUA) Award
- 8. • 1993: SirRobert Matthew Prize for Improvement of Human Settlements • 1994: People of the Year Award • 1995: Awarded Doctorate from the University of Central England • 1998: Awarded Doctorate from Sri Venkateshwara University • 2001: Coinpar MR Kurup Endowment Award • 2003: Basheer Puraskaram • 2003: D.Litt from the Kerala University • 2005: Kerala Government Certificate of Appreciation • 2006: L-Ramp Award of Excellence • 2006: Nominated from the Pritzker Prize
- 10. The Hamlet • Thisis Baker's home in Trivandrum. • This is remarkable and unique house built on a plot of land along the slope of a rocky hill, with limited access to water: • However Baker's genius has created a wonderful home for his family • Material used from unconventional sources • Family eats in kitchen • Electrical cabling is not concealed
- 11.
- 12. Main entry tothe Hamlet House
- 13. STEPS DIRECTLY CUTIN ROCK ENTRANCE HAS SMALL SITTING AREA FOR GUESTS
- 14. THE WALL ISDECORATED FROM BROKEN POTTERY, PENS, GLASS A CALLING BELL FOR VISITORS TO ANNOUNCE THEIR PRESENCE
- 15. A MORNING ATHEMLET
- 16. USE OF NATURALLIGHT INNER COURTYARD …CLOSE TO NATURE NEVER CUT TREES INSTEAD ADAPTED HIS DESIGN ACCORDINGLY
- 17. Brick House inWada Project Title: Brick House Location: Wada, Thane, Maharashtra Client: Mr. V G Dupare Architects: iSTUDIO architecture Design Team: Prashant Dupare, Shriya Patil, Amit Patil Site Area: 2 Acres Built Area: 2500sqft Civil Contractors: Local Masons supervised by iSTUDIO Carpentry Contractors: Mr. Jayprakash Sharma Project Estimate: Rs 20 lacs Initiation Year: 2009 Completion Year: 2013 North Side Elevation
- 18. • Designed byiStudio Architecture, the architects were inspired by the creations of architects Laurie Baker and Nari Gandhi. • The fascinating brick façade of the house is harmoniously integrated into the natural environment. • Its curvaceous form takes on the form of a plant that organically emerges from the ground and opens up to the sky. North Side Elevation
- 19. • The househas a very organic plan that defines spaces through small gestures – walls, openings, pivots, change in levels and textures. • A set of curved walls creates a fluid enclosure at the center of which stands a tree in a court. • Composed of oxide floors, brick and stone walls, free-standing timber columns, timber and split-bamboo ceilings and a set of warped ferro-cement roofs; Main Entrance The two bedrooms are scooped out of the plan and separated by complementing walls. While the living and kitchen are composed of a continuously curving wall around a court -1.2 m -0.4 m -0.8 m -0.4 m 0.0 m 0.0 m -0.4 m 0.0 m
- 20. As one entersinto the structure, one is greeted by the soft sunlight falling to the central body of water and the coolness within the structure. The interior space is dominated by the two huge arches of brick and stone, opening to vistas of farms and hills. The furniture seems to rise and fall from the walls or floor dramatically leading one's eyes to play of materials against each other.
- 21. Main door ismade of wooden planks which are tiled at differing angles so that it fits in place and merge the flow of adjoining walls and roof. Each space flows into another along curved lines, leading into a seamless space held by the central courtyard with cooling water feature and a tree planting The observer begins his journey along the curved jali brick wall offering tantalizing glimpses of the interior, thus drawing him into dramatic compositions of light and shadows. . The open-plan space is surrounded by a living room and kitchen with a raised platform painted teal to create the illusion of an extended water pool
- 22. The interior isorganized around a central courtyard with a cooling water feature and tree planting.
- 23. • A staircaseleads up from the central space to an upstairs study and bedroom. • Zoning of activities responding to the climatic conditions and views was achieved with the use of levels leading to a single yet distinct living room, kitchen and dining. South-west position of first floor bedroom provides shade to courtyard and keeps water body cool.
- 24. Metal grilles whichfollow the language of the house and ensure safety. Wooden louvered shutters are used for bedroom windows which ensure safety and provide flexibility regarding light, ventilation and privacy. A staircase leads up from the central space to an upstairs study and bedroom. The master bedroom is located behind the staircase through a large wooden door decorated with a tree detail.
- 25. Wall, Ceiling ,windows andconcrete ledges Mirror – set in the curve
- 26. Articulation of junctions– a glass-mosaic and a MS grille. Articulation of forms – the corner opening and louvers that ventilate the bath.
- 27. • The roofof the building is a unique composition. •Built mostly by using ferrocement in conjunction with bamboo( teqnique used in Auroville), parts of the roof have been cast as filler slab (in-situ) with earthen pots occupying the filler space. The seemingly amorphous roof sits lightly on the structure. •Bamboo as structural tensile material •Many ideas were explored on site and complex conflicts like fenestrations, movements and connections were resolved through changes in materials and textures. •At some places, heavy timber logs take the weight of the roof while in instances; the load is taken by a twisting brick column. Walls are made in Laurie Bakers’ rat-trap bond – one of the rare instances where walls in this bond are curved.
- 28. • At someplaces, heavy timber logs take the weight of the roof while in instances; the load is taken by a twisting brick column. Walls are made in Laurie Bakers’ rat-trap bond – one of the rare instances where walls in this bond are curved. • bricks are placed in vertical position instead of conventional horizontal position and thus creating a cavity (hollow space) within the wall. Rest of construction method remains same as any other conventional brick masonry. Curve is achieved by varying the gaps between bricks in outer and internal face. Pouring concrete for the filler-slab around inverted earthen pots. Rat-trap bond
- 34. LAURIE BAKER’S CENTREFOR DEVELOPMENT STUDIES (CDS), TRIVANDRUM The 10-acre research institute campus, stretching across a heavily wooded site houses the Library, Computer Centre, Auditorium, hostels, guesthouses and residential units for the staff., is Baker’s masterpiece, located in a residential area on the northern outskirts of Trivandrum. Filler slabs, rat trap bond, the brick lintels, and brick screen walls.