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Leadership (Organisation behavior)
- 3. CONTENT ☺Meaningof Leadership ☺Importance ofLeadership ☺Leader v/s Manager ☺ Qualities/Traits of a Good Leader ☺Leadership Styles ☺Theories of Leadership
- 5. MEANING Some examples ofleaders, which are born in India are Mahatma Gandhi, Amitabh Bachchan, Kiran Bedi, Sachin Tendulkar, Saina Nehwal, etc.
- 7. FEATURES OF LEADERSHIP It is the process of influencing the behavior of others. It is a group activity. It may vary in different situation. It is a continuous process. Leadership means certain personal qualities of the leader such as intelligence, maturity, imagination, etc….
- 8. IMPORTANCE OF LEADERSHIP Determinationof goals – A leader determines the goals and policies for the subordinates. He also acts as a guide in interpreting the goals and policies. Inspiring employees – A good leader inspires the subordinates for better performance. Relatives with followers – A leader maintains friendly relations with followers and satisfy their aspirations and personal needs. By establishing friendly relations with the member, he/she provides needed confidence, support and encouragement.
- 9. Continue…. Introduction of change– A leader plays a key role in introducing required changes in the organisation. He persuades, clarifies and inspires people to accept changes whole-heartedly. Handling of conflicts – A leader plays, an important role in resolving the conflict arising in the group. Development of individuals – Effective leadership results in overall growth and development of individuals. Leader of group provides training to the members as and when required in order to update and enhance their knowledge and skills.
- 10. LEADER V/S MANAGER “Allmanagers are leaders but all leaders are not managers.” • A manager is a leader in his/her unit as he/she performs leadership functions for his/her unit. • But it does not mean that leadership and managership are synonymous. • For e.g. :- A trade union is not a manager, political leader is not a manager and so on…….
- 11. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OFMANAGEMENT & LEADERSHIP S. no. Basis Management Leadership 1. Meaning It is an art of systematically organising and coordinating things in a effective manner. It is an process of influencing and inspiring others to achieve a group goals. 2. Scope Wider term. Leadership is part of it. Narrow term. 3. Emphasis on Managing activities Inspiring others 4. Risks Managers control the risks. Leaders take risks.
- 12. QUALITIES / TRAITSOF A GOOD LEADER – i. Physical feature (height, weight, physique, health and appearance). ii. High level of knowledge and intelligent. iii. High level of emotional stability and cool temperament. iv. High level of integrity and honesty. v. Have a good communication skills, good listener. vi. Have ability to inspire or motivates others.
- 13. Continue….. vii. Have aself-confidence. viii. Have a ability to take quick decisions. ix. Sociable and friendly nature. x. Open minded.
- 15. LEADERSHIP STYLES • Thebehavioral pattern which a leader exhibits in getting things done through others is known as his/her style of leadership. • Different leadership styles exists among leaders at different times and in different situations. • The leadership style in a particular situation is determined by the leader’s personality, experience, value system, types of followers and nature of environment.
- 16. Continue…. • The followingleadership styles are :- a. Autocratic/Authoritative Leadership b. Participative/Democratic Leadership c. Free Rein/Laissez-Faire Leadership d. Transactional Leadership e. Transformational Leadership
- 17. I. Autocratic Leadership– The autocratic leadership style allows managers to make decisions alone without the input of others. Managers possess total authority and impose their will on employees. No one challenges the decisions of autocratic leaders. This leadership style benefits employees who require close supervision. This style of Leadership also known as Boss-Centered Leadership.
- 20. Continue…. • Here, inthe diagram A is a leader and B, C & D are group members. • This diagram explain that A (a leader) gives orders to B, C & D. • B, C & D not gives any suggestion (i.e. participate in decision making process) only perform their duties.
- 21. II. Participative Leadership– • Participative leadership values the input of team members and peers, but the responsibility of making the final decision rests with the participative leader. • Participative leadership boosts employee morale because employees make contributions to the decision-making process. • This is also known as Group Centered Leadership.
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- 24. Continue…. • In thediagram, A is a Leader and B, C, D & E are group members. • As per diagram, the all group members are take part in decision making process, gives their suggestions. • And the final decision is taken by group leader A.
- 25. III. Free ReinLeadership – • A free rein leader does not lead, but leaves the group entirely to itself. • He depends largely upon the group to establish its own goals and work out its own problems. • This style appears to be more suitable when the subordinates are well qualified and trained, self-motivated and also prepared to assume responsibility. • This is also known as Subordinates Centered leadership
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- 28. Continue… • Here, inthe diagram A is a leader and B, C, D & E are group members. • As per diagram, the group members are taking part in decision making process and set their own goals. • There is no role of group leader A.
- 29. IV. Transactional Leadership– • Managers using the transactional leadership style receive certain tasks to perform and provide rewards or punishments to team members based on performance results. • Managers and team members set predetermined goals together, and employees agree to follow the direction and leadership of the manager to accomplish those goals. • Employees receive rewards, such as bonuses, when they accomplish goals and vice versa.
- 31. V. Transformational Leadership– • The transformational leadership style depends on high levels of communication from management to meet goals. • Leaders motivate employees and enhance productivity and efficiency through communication and high visibility. • Leaders focus on the big picture within an organization and delegate smaller tasks to the team to accomplish goals.
- 33. THEORIES OF LEADERSHIP •There are three theories of Leadership. These are – 1. Trait Theory 2. Behavioral Theory 3. Situational Theory
- 34. A. Trait Theory– • Trait theories argue that effective leaders share a number of common personality characteristics, or "traits.“ • Trait theories help us identify traits and qualities (for example, integrity, empathy, assertiveness, good decision-making skills, and likability) that are helpful when leading others. • Traits are external behaviors that emerge from the things going on within our minds – and it's these internal beliefs and processes that are important for effective leadership.
- 35. B. Behavioral Theory– • Behavioral theories focus on how leaders behave. For instance, do leaders dictate what needs to be done and expect cooperation? Or do they involve their teams in decision-making to encourage acceptance and support? • In the theory, the leadership styles are explained.
- 36. C. Situational Theory– • The realization that there is no one correct type of leader led to theories that the best leadership style depends on the situation. These theories try to predict which style is best in which circumstance. • For instance, when you need to make quick decisions, which style is best? When you need the full support of your team, is there a more effective way to lead? Should a leader be more people-oriented or task-oriented? These are all questions that situational leadership theories try to address.