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Lesson 4 Efforts to increase food production - Fishing In Brunei
- 1. Food Production InBrunei FISHING in BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
- 2. Fishing Fish consumptionin Brunei – estimated 47kg per person per year. About 50% of the country needs of fish has to be imported mainly form: i. Labuan ii. Weston iii. Lawas iv. Miri Sabah Sarawak
- 4. Importance of fishing 1.The export of fish can contribute to country’s income 2. Fish waste can be made into fertilisers, oil, fodder and glue. 3. Source of protein which can build muscles, tissues and bone marrow 4. Fishing is a major source of protein in the diets of the Brunei people. 5. Fishing industry create jobs for the people such as: a. Ship building b. Boat repairing c. Making & repairing nets d. Making ice & salt e. marketing of fish f. Making food from fish
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- 6. Fishing areas 1.South ChinaSea 2. Brunei Bay 3. Inland Fishing
- 7. The sheltered partof Brunei Bay, located along the lower course of the Brunei and Temburong Rivers It is a tidal area and many different types of fish are found here. Most of the fishing villages of Brunei are located around here. Brunei Estuary
- 9. • Fishing within25km off • Water up to about 40m deep Inshore Fishing • Fishing between 25km – 75km off the coast • Only carried out small % of the fisherme Offshore Fishing
- 11. Fishing carried outfrom land-based e.g. in rivers, streams, lakes and ponds such as in the Brunei River, Damuan River, Merimbun Lake, etc. Inland fishing is also carried out in areas of Kampong Sungai Matan and Kampong Sungai Belukut (Mangrove Paradise Resort).
- 12. Factors encouraging fishing PhysicalFactors long coastline with shallow water rich fishing ground in South China Sea due to shallow seafloor with shoals of corals Brunei bay and Tutong estuaries provide shelter for fishing boats during storms Many silt-laden rivers and estuaries that add nutrients to the water and which supports the Mangrove areas
- 13. Factors encouraging fishing HumanFactors High demand for fish - high per capita consumption of fish of about 47 kg per year. Most people live on, or near the coasts, or along the lower courses of rivers and their estuaries, giving access to fishing and the marketing of fish. High living standards so that more people can afford boats and outboard engines, and fuels are cheap. The Malay population has cultural links to the sea, which contribute to the success fishing and the popularity of fish in the local diet.
- 14. Types of FishingMethods
- 15. Types of FishingMethods • Small fishing boats • Fish and prawn breeding areasZone 1 • New part time fishermen • Also companies using foreign workersZone 2 • Larger vessels • Purse-seiners • Long liners Zone 3 • Tuna purse seining • Tuna long liningZone 4
- 16. Types of FishingMethods i. Drift Net ii. Trawl net iii.Bubu iv.Rambat v. Hook and line vi.Bintur vii.Lintau
- 17. Drift Net (Rantau) Net hangs from buoys (patau) which float on the surface of the water The bottom edge of the net is held down with weights (timah) Used to catch large shoal e.g Rumahan & Tamban
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- 20. Trawling (Pukat Tunda) Netis dragged along the seabed Trawlers are fishing boat that can go further out to the deep sea and also spend more time More fish can be caught by trawling than drift net
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- 22. This gear isfor catching pelagic fish species like sardines in the offshore areas using an on- board vessel
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- 26. Crab trap (bintur)used to catch crab
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- 30. Tugu (Tidal funneltraps)
- 31. • Uncontrolled fishing •Not enough fish is caught by fishermen Reduction in stocks • too many fish are taken and they do not breed very fast • Also companies using foreign workers overfishing • caused by oil spills, household rubbish, sewage, industrial wastes. • lead to a massive impact in destroying the environment. • Dumping of toxic wastes leads to the growth of toxic plankton leading to Red Tides Pollution • Blast fishing or Fish bombings • illegal activities destroys coral reef which are the habitat, breeding, Destructive fishing Disadvantages / Problems of fishing:
- 32. Other issues /Problems of fishing: 1. Only few want to do fishing full time 2. Few trawlers being used 3. Fishermen do not use modern technology 4. Fishermen need to work hard and stay under hot weather during the day in order to catch more fish but in return payment is low 5. Offshore oil drilling poses a constant threat of oil pollution and certain types of fishing are not allowed near the oil rig structures e.g. trawling. 6. Increasing costs e.g. costs of nets, boats, modern equipment
- 33. Steps taken bygovernment to improve fishing: Encourage more fish farm to be set up Create more artificial coral reefs at Tungku coast – to increase fish population Encourage use of Global positioning System (GPS) and fish finder Encourage foreign collaboration with local companies for fish processing Develop cage culture of marine fish Develop pond culture for marine shrimp Provide technical support and training for fishermen
- 34. Types of fishcaught Freshwater ponds: Tilapia – main type
- 35. Ikan keli -freshwater
- 36. Saltwater fish -anchovy
- 37. Ikan merah (redsnapper)
- 38. Duai hitam (blackpomfret)
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