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LEVINE'S Theory
Myra Levine developed the Conservation Model of Nursing to guide holistic and individualized patient care. The model focuses on promoting patient adaptation and maintaining wholeness through the principles of conservation of energy, structure, personal integrity, and social integrity. According to the model, health is achieved through a dynamic interaction between the patient as a unified whole and their internal and external environments. The nurse's role is to help the patient maintain integrity and conserve their resources to achieve optimal adaptation.
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Overview of Myra Estrin Levine's life, education, and contribution to nursing.
Levine's Conservation Model emphasizes adaptation, wholeness, and conservation in nursing.
Discusses essential components including person, environment, and their interrelation in health.
Levine defines health as a return to daily activities; disease as unregulated change needing intervention.
Nursing involves human interactions aiming to promote adaptation and maintain health integrity.
Identifies factors affecting patient responses in nursing and the importance of conserving energy and integrity. Key assumptions that shape Levine's theory including human uniqueness, adaptability, and societal interaction.
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LEVINE'S Theory
- 1. LEVINE’S THEORY PRESENTED BY: PRAMOD KUMAR
- 3. INTRODUCTION • Myra EstrinLevine (1920-1996) was born in Chicago, Illinois. ---Levine developed an interest in nursing because her father (who had gastrointestinal problems) was frequently ill and required nursing care on many occasions.
- 4. INTRODUCTION contd...... ---Levine graduatedfrom the Cook County School of Nursing in 1944 and obtained her BS in nursing from the University of Chicagoin1949. ---Following graduation, Levine worked as a private duty nurse, as a civilian nurse for the US Army, as a surgical nursing supervisor, and in nursing administration
- 5. INTRODUCTION contd...... ---After earningan MS in nursing at Wayne State University in 1962 ---She authored 77 published articles which included “An Introduction to Clinical Nursing” with multiple publication years on 1969, 1973 & 1989. ---She also received an honorary doctorate from Loyola University in 1992. She died on 1996.
- 6. • Levine toldothers that she did not set out to develop a “nursing theory” but had wanted to find a way to teach the major concepts in medical-surgical nursing and attempt to teach associate degree students a new approach for daily nursing activities. Levine also wished to move away from nursing education practices that were strongly procedurally oriented and refocus on active problem solving and individualized patient care (George,
- 7. COMPOSITION OF CONSERVATION MODEL: • Levine’s Conservation Model is focused in promoting adaptation and maintaining wholeness using the principles of conservation. The model guides the nurse to focus on the influences and responses at the organismic level. The nurse accomplishes the goals of the model through the conservation of energy, structure, and personal and social integrity .
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- 9. ADAPTATION • Adaptation isthe process of change, and conservation is the outcome of adaptation. Adaptation is the process whereby the patient maintains integrity within the realities of the environment.
- 10. WHOLENESS • Levine statedthat “the unceasing interaction of the individual organism with its environment does represent an ‘open and fluid’ system, and a condition of health, wholeness, exists when the interaction or constant adaptations to the environment, permit ease—the assurance of integrity…in all the dimensions of life.”
- 11. CONSERVATION • the productof adaptation. Conservation is from the Latin word conservatio, meaning “to keep together” . “Conservation describes the way complex systems are able to continue to function even when severely challenged.”Through conservation, individuals are able to confront obstacles, adapt accordingly, and maintain their uniqueness. “The goal of conservation is health and the strength to confront disability” as “... the rules of conservation and integrity hold” in all situation in which nursing is requires”.
- 12. The primary focusof conservation is keeping together of the wholeness of the individual. Although nursing interventions may deal with one particualr conservation principle, nurses must also recognize the influence of other conservation principles (Levine, 1990).
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- 15. PERSON The person isa holistic being who constantly strives to preserve wholeness and integrity and one “who is sentient, thinking, future-oriented, and past- aware.” The wholeness (integrity) of the individual demands that the “individual life has meaning only in the context of social life” The person is also described as a unique individual in unity and integrity, feeling, believing, thinking and whole system of system.
- 16. ENVIRONMENT • The environmentcompletes the wholeness of the individual. The individual has both an internal and external environment.
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- 19. HEALTH Levine (1991) clarifiedwhat she meant by health as: “… the avenue of return to the daily activities compromised by ill health. It is not only the insult or the injury that is repaired but the person himself or herself… It is not merely the healing of an afflicted part. It is rather a return to self hood, where the encroachment of the disability can be set aside entirely, and the individual is free to pursue once more his or her own interests without constraint.”
- 20. • disease is“unregulated and undisciplined change and must be stopped or death will ensue”.
- 21. NURSING Nursing involves engagingin “human interactions” “The nurse enters into a partnership of human experience where sharing moments in time—some trivial, some dramatic—leaves its mark forever on each patient”. The goal of nursing is to promote adaptation and maintain wholeness (health).
- 22. PERSON AND ENVIRONMENT: •person and the environment become congruent over time. It is the fit of the person with his or her predicament of time and space. The specific adaptive responses make conservation possible occur on many levels; molecular, physiologic, emotional, psychologic, and social.
- 23. RESPONSES BASED ONTHREE FACTORS:
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- 25. CONSERVATION OF ENERGY: •Refers to balancing energy input and output to avoid excessive fatigue. It includes adequate rest, nutrition and exercise. • Examples: Availability of adequate rest; Maintenance of adequate nutrition
- 26. CONSERVATION OF STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY: •Refers to maintaining or restoring the structure of body preventing physical breakdown and promoting healing. Examples: Assist patient in ROM exercise; Maintenance of patient’s personal hygiene
- 27. CONSERVATION OF PERSONALINTEGRITY • Recognizes the individual as one who strives for recognition, respect, self awareness, selfhood and self determination. Example: Recognize and protect patient’s space needs
- 28. ASSUMPTIONS a. The nursecreates an environment in which healing could occur b. A human being is more than the sum of the part c. Human being respond in a predictable way d. Human being are unique in their responses e. Human being know and appraise objects ,condition and situation
- 29. CONSERVATION OF SOCIALINTEGRITY: • An individual is recognized as some one who resides with in a family,: a community, a religious group, an ethnic group, a political system and a nation. Example: Help the individual to preserve his or her place in a family, community, and society.
- 30. ASSUMPTIONS contd……... f. Humanbeing sense ,reflects, reason and understand g. Human being action are self determined even when emotional h. Human being are capable of prolonging reflection through such strategists raising question i.Human being make decision through prioritizing course of action j. Human being must be aware and able to contemplate objects, condition and situation
- 31. ASSUMPTIONS contd……... k. Humanbeing are agents who act deliberately to attain goal l. Adaptive changes involve the whole individual m. A human being has unity in his response to the environment n. Every person possesses a unique adaptive ability based on one’s life experience which creates a unique message o. There is an order and continuity to life change is not random
- 32. ASSUMPTIONS contd……... p. Ahuman being respond organismically in an ever changing manner q. A theory of nursing must recognized the importance of detail of care for a single patient with in an empiric framework that successfully describe the requirement of the all patient r. A human being is a social animal
- 33. ASSUMPTIONS contd……... s. Ahuman being is an constant interaction with an ever changing society t. Change is inevitable in life. Nursing needs existing and emerging demands of self care and dependant carev. Nursing is associated with condition of regulation of exercise or development of capabilities of providing care.