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life processes #aanchal
This document discusses various life processes in living organisms including humans, plants, and amoebas. It covers the processes of nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion. Nutrition can occur through autotrophic processes like photosynthesis or heterotrophic processes like digestion. Respiration allows organisms to break down nutrients and release energy. Transportation systems like the circulatory and vascular systems move nutrients, gases, and wastes throughout the body. Excretion eliminates metabolic waste through organs like the kidneys, leaves, and pores.
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life processes #aanchal
- 3. Life ProcessesThe word lifeprocesses means the processes take place in the human body which are needed for the existence of life on Earth. For example – Digestion, respiration, excretion, reproduction, etc.
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- 5. Autotrophic Nutrition • Synthesis offood by photosynthesis. • Photosynthesis equation- 6CO2+6H2O (sunlight and chlorophyll) →C6H12O6 + 6O2. • Two phases of photosynthesis- light and dark reactions. • Light reaction- light energy absorbed, H2O split into H2 and O2,
- 6. Heterotrophic NutritionGenerally derive energyfrom plants and animal sources. • Mainly of three types :- 1). Holozoic (Obtaining nourishment as animals do by ingesting complex organic matter), 2). Parasitic (having the nature or habits of a parasite or leech), and 3). Saprophytic (feeding on dead or decaying organic matter) • Digestion - mechanical and chemical reduction of ingested nutrients.
- 7. Photosynthesis • The processof the synthesis of carbohydrates or food in presence of carbon dioxide and light is called photosynthesis. • The ways:- • 1). Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll. • 2). Conversion of light energy to
- 8. Stomata • A minuteepidermal pore in a leaf or stem through which gases and water vapor can pass. • The opening and closing of stomata is controlled by guard cells. • When the guard cells absorb water the stomata gets open and
- 10. Nutrition in Amoeba• Amoebatakes in food using temporary finger like extensions of cell surface which fuse over food particle forming food vacuole . • Inside the food vacuole, complex substances are broken down into simpler ones which then diffuse
- 12. Nutrition in Human Beings•The nutrition in human beings takes place in the human alimentary canal. • The food in taken in through mouth and mixed with the saliva and passed to oesophagus. Saliva contains salivary amylase that breaks down starch. • The food then goes to the stomach where the
- 14. Respiration • Respiration involvesthe exchange of gases and oxidation of food in the presence of air to release energy. • Inhalation and exhalation of air occur due to change in air pressure in lungs.
- 17. Transportation in humans• Bloodis a fluid connective tissue that circulates through heart and blood vessels. • Blood consists of plasma with RBC, WBC and platelets. Arteries transport blood from heart to the tissues. • Blood pressure is the force that
- 18. Circulatory system in humans• Humanheart is a 4 chambered muscular pump located in our chest cavity. • In humans the blood flows through 2 loops -Pulmonary and systemic circulation. • The heartbeat is initiated and regulated by cardiac muscles.
- 21. Transportation in plants• Thetransport system in plants works with the help of conducting tubes known as xylem and phloem. • The rise of water and dissolved minerals in the xylem vessels against the force of gravity is known as
- 22. Excretion • Biological processof eliminating metabolic waste substances is called excretion. • Human excretory system consists of pair of kidney and ureter, a Urinary bladder and a urethra.
- 24. Structure of nephron• Eachkidney has numerous filtration units called Nephrons. • These Nephrons consist of Glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, Renal artery, renal vein, collecting duct, etc. • The blood is filtered in these units, then collected in the collecting tubule/duct. • This collection is then passed to
- 26. Excretion in Plants• Theplants also give out some toxic wastes. • Plants don’t have any excretory system as human beings have. • They throw this waste through many ways such as transpiration, throwing