This document provides an overview of global public health issues and potential solutions. It discusses how rising healthcare costs have many prosperous nations facing bankruptcy, while health outcomes decline. The relationship between a nation's health and prosperity is described as "Healthonomics". Rapid growth in biomedical data and understanding of disease at the molecular level has ushered in a new era focused on the sciences of health rather than the prior arts of medicine. However, challenges remain in applying new knowledge to improve global public health.