Kai Sasaki discusses Treasure Data's architecture for maintaining Hadoop on the cloud. Some key points are using stateless services like Hive metastore and cloud storage. They also manage multiple Hadoop versions by downloading packages from S3. Regression tests on Hive queries and a REST API help ensure changes don't cause issues. An RDBMS-based queue provides persistence and scheduling across tasks. The overall aim is high maintainability through statelessness, mobility of components, and queueing of jobs.